Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa

礼敬彼世尊、阿罗汉、正自觉者

Suttantapiṭaka

经藏

Aṅguttaranikāye

增支部

Saṃgāyanassa pucchā vissajjanā

结集问答

Pucchā – paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle [Pg.1] āvuso dhammasaṃgāhakā mahākassapādayo mahātheravarā porāṇasaṃgītikārā paṭhamaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ saṃgāyitvā suttantapiṭake ca dīghamajjhimasaṃyuttasaṅkhāte tayo nikāye saṃgāyitvā tadanantaraṃ kiṃ nāma pāvacanaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.

问：贤友，在第一次大结集时，法结集者大迦叶等诸大长老、古代结集者们，首先结集了律藏，然后在经藏中结集了长部、中部、相应部这三个尼柯耶之后，接着结集了什么圣典呢？

Vissajjanā – paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle bhante dhammasaṃgāhakā mahākassapādayo mahātheravarā porāṇasaṃgītikārā paṭhamaṃ vinayaṃ saṃgāyitvā suttantapiṭake ca dīghamajjhimasaṃyuttasaṅkhāte tayo nikāye saṃgāyitvā tadanantaraṃ navahi ca suttasahassehi pañcahi ca suttasattehi sattapaññāsāya ca suttehi paṭimaṇḍitaṃ vīsatibhāṇavārasataparimāṇaṃ aṅguttaranikāyaṃ nāma pāvacanaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.

答：在第一次大结集时，尊者，法结集者大迦叶等诸大长老、古代结集者们，首先结集了律藏，然后在经藏中结集了长部、中部、相应部这三个尼柯耶，之后结集了名为《增支部》的圣典，此圣典由九千五百五十七部经庄严，总计一百二十诵(bhāṇavāra)。

Pucchā – aṅguttaranikāyepi [Pg.2] āvuso ekakanipāto dukanipāto tikanipātotiādinā nipātapakaraṇaparicchedavasena ekādasavidhā. Tattha kataraṃ nipātapakaraṇaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.

问：贤友，在《增支部》中，也根据《一集》、《二集》、《三集》等，以集品(nipāta)与章(pariccheda)划分，共有十一种。他们结集了哪一集品？

Vissajjanā – aṅguttaranikāye bhante ekādasasu nipātapakaraṇaparicchedesu ekakanipātaṃ paṭhamaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.

答：尊者，在《增支部》的十一种集品与章的划分中，他们最先结集了《一集》。

1. Rūpādivagga

1. 色等品

Pucchā – ekakanipātepi [Pg.3] āvuso rūpādivaggo nīvaraṇappahānavaggo akammaniyavaggotiādinā vaggabhedavasena bahuvidhā. Tattha kataraṃ vaggaṃ paṭhamaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.

问：贤友，在《一集》中，也有《色等品》、《断盖品》、《不堪作品》等，以品(vagga)划分而有多种。其中哪一品最先结集？

Vissajjanā – ekakanipāte bhante rūpādivaggo nīvaraṇappahānavaggotiādinā vīsatiyā vaggesu rūpādivaggaṃ paṭhamaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.

答：尊者，在《一集》中，于《色等品》、《断盖品》等二十品中，他们最先结集了《色等品》。

Pucchā – sādhu sādhu āvuso, mayampi dāni āvuso tatoyeva paṭṭhāya saṃgāhanatthāya saṃgītipubbaṅgamāni dhammapucchanavissajjanakiccāni āvahituṃ samārabhāma. Tenāvuso bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye ekakanipāte rūpādivagge purimāni pañca suttāni kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitāni.

问：善哉，善哉，贤友！现在我们也从此处开始，为了结集，发起作为结集前导的法之问答。那么，贤友，那知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者的世尊，在《增支部》的《一集》中，《色等品》的前五部经，是在何处、缘何人、如何宣说的呢？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ [Pg.4] bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha rūpādigarukānaṃ pañcannaṃ purisānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena ‘‘nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekarūpampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave itthirūpaṃ, itthirūpaṃ bhikkhave purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答：尊者，在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，世尊针对众多比丘，依于五位重色等(rūpādigaruka)的男子之意乐(ajjhāsaya)，以“诸比丘，我不见有任何其他一种色，能像这样完全占据男子的心，如同女色。诸比丘，女色完全占据男子的心。”等句而说。

Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekarūpampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave itthirūpaṃ, itthirūpaṃ bhikkhave purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.

诸比丘，我不见有任何其他一种色，能像这样完全占据男子的心，如同女色。诸比丘，女色完全占据男子的心。

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.5] āvuso pacchimāni pañca suttāni bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitāni.

问：贤友，于同一处，最后的五部经，世尊是在何处、缘何人、又如何宣说的呢？

Vissajjanā – tasmiṃyeva bhante sāvatthiyaṃ sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha rūpādigarukānaṃ pañcannaṃ itthīnaṃ ajjhāsayavasena ‘‘nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekarūpampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ itthiyā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave purisarūpaṃ, purisarūpaṃ bhikkhave itthiyā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答：尊者，就在那舍卫城，世尊针对众多比丘，依于五位重色等(rūpādigaruka)的女子之意乐(ajjhāsaya)，以“诸比丘，我不见有任何其他一种色，能像这样完全占据女子的心，如同男色。诸比丘，男色完全占据女子的心。”等句而说。

Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekarūpampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ itthiyā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave purisarūpaṃ, purisarūpaṃ bhikkhave itthiyā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.

诸比丘，我不见有任何其他一种色，能像这样完全占据女子的心，如同男色。诸比丘，男色完全占据女子的心。

Nītatthavasena, neyyatthavasena

以了义与隐义

Pucchā – imasmiṃ [Pg.6] āvuso rūpādivagge bhagavatā nītatthavasena kiṃ kathitaṃ, neyyatthavasena pana kiṃ ñāpitaṃ.

问：贤友，在此《色等品》中，世尊以了义宣说了什么？又以隐义开示了什么呢？

Vissajjanā – imasmiṃ bhante rūpādivagge bhagavatā nītatthavasena vaṭṭaṃ kathitaṃ. Neyyatthavasena pana vivaṭṭampi ñāpitaṃ.

答：尊者，在此《色等品》中，世尊以了义宣说轮回，以隐义也开示解脱。

2. Nīvaraṇappahānavagga

2. 断盖品

Pucchā – dutiyo [Pg.7] pana āvuso nīvaraṇappahānavaggo bhagavatā kattha kathañca bhāsito.

问：贤友，世尊在何处以何种方式宣说了第二《断盖品》？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante ‘‘nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppanno vā kāmacchando uppajjati, uppanno vā kāmacchando bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave subhanimittaṃ, subhanimittaṃ bhikkhave ayoniso manasikaroto anuppannoceva kāmacchando uppajjati, uppanno ca kāmacchando bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsito.

答：尊者，在舍卫城。“诸比丘，我不见有任何其他一法，能令未生的欲贪生起，已生的欲贪增长广大，如同诸比丘，美妙之相。诸比丘，不如理作意美妙之相，未生的欲贪就会生起，已生的欲贪就会增长广大。”世尊如此宣说。

Pucchā – imasmiṃ [Pg.8] pana āvuso dutiye nīvaraṇappahānavagge bhagavatā kiṃ kathitaṃ.

问：贤友，在这第二《断盖品》中，世尊宣说了什么？

Vissajjanā – imasmiṃ pana bhante dutiye nīvaraṇappahānavagge bhagavatā vaṭṭampi vivaṭṭampi kathitaṃ.

答：尊者，在这第二《断盖品》中，世尊宣说了轮回与解脱两者。

3. Akammaniyava

3. 难以调伏品

Pucchā – tenāvuso…pe… [Pg.9] sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye ekakanipāte tatiye akammaniyavagge kīdisī dhammadesanāyo desitā.

问：贤友，正等觉者在《增支部·一集》的第三《难以调伏品》中，宣说了怎样的法教？

Vissajjanā – tatiye bhante akammaniyavagge ‘‘nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ abhāvitaṃ akammaniyaṃ hoti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ, cittaṃ bhikkhave abhāvitaṃ akammaniyaṃ hoti. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ bhāvitaṃ kammaniyaṃ hoti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave bhāvitaṃ kammaniyaṃ hotī’’ti evamādikā bhagavatā dhammadesanāyo desitā.

答：尊者，在第三《难以调伏品》中，世尊宣说了如此等法教：“诸比丘，我不见有任何其他一法，像这心一样，未经修习就如此难以调伏。诸比丘，心若未经修习，就难以调伏。诸比丘，我不见有任何其他一法，像这心一样，经过修习就如此适合作业。诸比丘，心若经修习，就适合作业。”

4. Adantavagga

4. 难调御品

Pucchā – catutthe [Pg.10] panāvuso adantavagge bhagavatā kīdisī dhammadesanāyo desitā.

问：贤友，在第四《难调御品》中，世尊宣说了怎样的法教？

Vissajjanā – catutthe bhante adantavagge ‘‘nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ adantaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ, cittaṃ bhikkhave adantaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ dantaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ, cittaṃ bhikkhave dantaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattatī’’ti evamādikā bhagavatā dhammadesanāyo desitā.

答：尊者，在第四《难调御品》中，世尊宣说了如此等法教：“诸比丘，我不见有任何其他一法，未经调伏时会导致如此巨大的损害，即此心。诸比丘，心未经调伏，会导致巨大的损害。诸比丘，我不见有任何其他一法，经过调伏时会导致如此巨大的利益，即此心。诸比丘，心若经调伏，会导致巨大的利益。”

5. Paṇihitaacchavagga

5. 导向品

Pucchā – pañcame [Pg.11] āvuso paṇihitaacchavagge bhagavatā kīdisī dhammadesanāyo desitā.

提问——贤友，在第五《导向品》中，世尊宣说了怎样的法？

Vissajjanā – pañcame bhante paṇihitaacchavagge ‘‘seyyathāpi bhikkhave sālisūkaṃ vā yavasūkaṃ vā micchāpaṇihitaṃ hatthena vā pādena vā akkantaṃ hatthaṃ vā pādaṃ vā bhecchati, lohitaṃ vā uppādessatīti netaṃ ṭhāna vijjati. Taṃ kissahetu, micchāpaṇihitattā bhikkhave sūkassa. Evameva kho bhikkhave so vata bhikkhu micchāpaṇihitena cittena avijjaṃ [Pg.12] bhecchati, vijjaṃ uppādessati, nibbānaṃ sacchikarissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati, taṃ kissa hetu, micchāpaṇihitattā bhikkhave cittassā’’ti evamādikā bhagavatā dhammadesanāyo desitā.

答复——尊者，在第五《导向品》中，世尊宣说了如此等等的法要：“诸比丘，譬如稻芒或麦芒，若被错误地放置，当被手或脚踩踏时，它会刺破手或脚，或使其流血，这是不可能的。是何原因？诸比丘，因为芒被错误地放置了。同样地，诸比丘，比丘以错误导向的心，会破除无明、生起明、证悟涅槃，这是不可能的。是何原因？诸比丘，因为心被错误地导向了。”

6. Accharāsaṅghātavagga

6. 弹指品

Pucchā – accharāsaṅghātavagge [Pg.13] āvuso paṭhama dutiyasuttāni bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

提问——贤友，在《弹指品》中，世尊是如何宣说第一经与第二经的？

Vissajjanā – accharāsaṅghātavagge bhante bhagavatā ‘‘pabhassaramidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhaṃ, taṃ assutavā puthujjano yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, tasmā ‘assutavato puthujjanassa cittabhāvanā natthī’ti vadāmi. Pabhassaramidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi vippamuttaṃ, taṃ subhavā ariyasāvako yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tasmā ‘sutapato [Pg.14] ariyasāvakassa cittabhāvanā atthī’ti vadāmī’’ti. Evaṃ kho bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答复——尊者，在《弹指品》中，世尊如此说道：“诸比丘，此心是光明的，但它被外来的杂染所污染。未闻法的凡夫不如实了知，因此我说：‘未闻法的凡夫没有心的修习。’诸比丘，此心是光明的，且它从外来的杂染中解脱。已闻法的圣弟子如实了知，因此我说：‘已闻法的圣弟子有心的修习。’”世尊如此宣说。

Tatiyasutta

第三经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.15] āvuso tatiyasuttādīni bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

提问——贤友，就在那里，世尊是如何宣说第三经等的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante tatiyasuttādīni pañcasuttāni ‘‘accharāsaṅghātamattampi ce bhikkhave bhikkhu mettācittaṃ āsevati, bhāveti, manasikaroti. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave bhikkhu arittajjhāno viharati satthusāsanakaro ovādapatikaro amoghaṃ raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjati, ko pana vādo ye naṃ bahulīkaronti. Yekeci bhikkhave dhammā akusalā akusalabhāgiyā akusalapakkhikā, sabbete manopubbaṅgamā, mano tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, anvadeva akusalādhammā, yekeci bhikkhave dhammā kusalā kusalabhāgiyā kusalapakkhikā, sabbete manopubbaṅgamā, mano tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, anvadeva kusalā dhammā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答复——尊者，就在那里，世尊在第三经等五部经中如此宣说：“诸比丘，即使比丘仅于一弹指顷修习、培育、作意慈心，诸比丘，这位比丘亦被称为住不空禅者，是导师教诫的奉行者、教诲的遵从者，他不空食国中信施。更何况是多修习者呢？诸比丘，凡所有不善法，属不善分，归不善品，皆以意为先导；意在其中先生，不善法随之而起。诸比丘，凡所有善法，属善分，归善品，皆以意为先导；意在其中先生，善法随之而起。”世尊是如此宣说的。

Aṭṭhamasutta

第八经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.17] āvuso aṭṭhama navama dasamasuttāni ca vīriyārambhādivagge dasasuttāni ca kalyāṇamittādivagge paṭhamasuttañca bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

问——贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第八、第九、第十经，以及精勤品中的十经，与善友品中的第一经的呢？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante aṭṭhama navama dasamasuttāni ca vīriyārambhādivagge dasasuttāni ca kalyāṇamittādivagge paṭhamasuttañca ‘‘nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppannā vā akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā vā kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave pamādo, pamattassa bhikkhave anuppannā ceva akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā ca kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答——尊者，世尊在那里以“诸比丘，我不见另有任何一法，能令未生之不善法生起，已生之善法退失，此即是放逸。诸比丘，于放逸者，未生之不善法生起，已生之善法退失”等语，宣说了第八、第九、第十经，以及精勤品中的十经，与善友品中的第一经。

Dutiyasutta

第二经

Pucchā – kalyāṇamittādivagge [Pg.19] āvuso dutiya tatiyasuttāni bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

问——贤友，在善友品中，世尊是如何宣说第二与第三经的呢？

Vissajjanā – kalyāṇamittādivagge bhante dutiya tatiyasuttāni ‘‘nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppannā vā akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā vā kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave anuyogo akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ananuyogo kusalānaṃ dhammāna’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答——尊者，在善友品中，世尊以“诸比丘，我不见另有任何一法，能令未生之不善法生起，已生之善法退失，此即是勤行不善法、不勤行善法”等语，宣说了第二与第三经。

Chaṭṭhasutta

第六经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.20] āvuso chaṭṭhasuttādīni ca pamādādivagge paṭhamasuttañca bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

问——贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第六经等经，以及放逸品的第一经的呢？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante chaṭṭhasuttādīni ca pamādādivagge paṭhamasuttañca ‘‘appamattikā esā bhikkhave parihāni yadidaṃ ñātiparihāni. Etaṃ patikiṭṭhaṃ bhikkhave parihānīnaṃ yadidaṃ paññāparihānīti. Appamattikā esā bhikkhave vuddhi yadidaṃ ñātivuddhi. Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave vuddhīnaṃ yadidaṃ paññāvuddhi[Pg.21]. Tasmātiha bhikkhave evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘paññāvuddhiyā vaddhissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo bhikkhave sikkhitabba’’nti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答——尊者，世尊在那里以“诸比丘，亲属的衰退是微小的衰退，智慧的衰退才是诸衰退中最下劣者。诸比丘，亲属的增长是微小的增长，智慧的增长才是诸增长中最上者。是故，诸比丘，你们应当这样学习：‘我们将以智慧而增长。’诸比丘，你们应当这样学习”等语，宣说了第六经等经，以及放逸品的第一经。

Pamādādivagga

放逸品

Pucchā – tenāvuso…pe… [Pg.22] sammāsambuddhena pamādādivagge dutiyasuttādīni kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

问——贤友，那位世尊、正等觉者在放逸品第二经等中是如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yo evaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave pamādo. Pamādo bhikkhave mahato anatthāya saṃvattati. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi, yo evaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave appamādo, appamādo bhikkhave mahato anatthāya saṃvattatīti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答——诸比丘，我不见有任何一法，能导致如此巨大的损害，如这放逸。诸比丘，放逸会导致巨大的损害。诸比丘，我也不见有任何一法，能导致如此巨大的利益，如这不放逸。诸比丘，不放逸会导致巨大的利益。尊者，世尊是如此这般宣说的。

Dutiya pamādādivagga

第二放逸品

Pucchā – dutiye [Pg.24] panāvuso pamādādivagge paṭhamasuttādīni bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

问——贤友，在第二放逸品中，世尊是如何宣说第一经等的？

Vissajjanā – dutiye bhante pamādādivagge ajjhattikaṃ bhikkhave aṅganti karitvā nāññaṃ ekaṅgampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave pamādo. Pamādo bhikkhave mahato anatthāya saṃvattati. Ajjhattikaṃ bhikkhave aṅganti karitvā nāññaṃ ekaṅgampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave appamādo. Appamādo bhikkhave mahato atthāya saṃvattatīti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答——尊者，在第二放逸品中，世尊是如此这般宣说的：“诸比丘，就内在因素而言，我不见任何其他单一因素能导致如此巨大的损害，如这放逸。诸比丘，放逸会导致巨大的损害。诸比丘，就内在因素而言，我不见任何其他单一因素能导致如此巨大的利益，如这不放逸。诸比丘，不放逸会导致巨大的利益。”

Dasasutta

十经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.26] āvuso tettiṃsamādīnica dasasuttāni adhammavagge ca dasasuttāni bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

问——贤友，世尊在彼处是如何宣说以三十三（天）为首的十经，以及非法品中的十经的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante tettiṃsamādīni dasasuttāni ca adhammavagge dasasuttāni ca ye te bhikkhave bhikkhū adhammaṃ ‘‘dhammo’’ti dīpenti, te bhikkhave bhikkhū bahujanaahitāya paṭipannā bahujanaasukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Bahuñca te bhikkhave bhikkhū apuññaṃ pasavanti, te cimaṃ saddhammaṃ antaradhāpentīti evamādinā ca, ye te bhikkhave bhikkhū adhammaṃ ‘‘adhammo’’ti dīpenti, te bhikkhave bhikkhū bahujanahitāya paṭipannā bahujanasukhāya bahujano janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Bahuñca te bhikkhave bhikkhū puññaṃ pasavanti, te cimaṃ saddhammaṃ ṭhapentīti evamādinā ca bhante bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答——尊者，在彼处，关于以三十三（天）为首的十经以及非法品中的十经，世尊是如此这般宣说的：“诸比丘，那些宣说非法为‘法’的比丘，他们是为众人的无益、众人的不安乐，为天人大众的无义、无益与痛苦而行道。诸比丘，那些比丘产生众多非福，并令此正法隐没。”又如此宣说：“诸比丘，那些宣说非法为‘非法’的比丘，他们是为众人的利益、众人的安乐，为天人大众的意义、利益与安乐而行道。诸比丘，那些比丘产生众多福德，并令此正法住立。”

Ekapuggalavagga

一人品

Pucchā – ekapuggalavagge [Pg.29] āvuso bhagavatā kīdisī dhammadesanāyo desitā.

问：贤友，世尊在《一人品》中宣说了什么样的法？

Vissajjanā – ekapuggalavagge bhante bhagavatā ekapuggalo bhikkhave loke uppajjamāno uppajjati bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katamo ekapuggalo, tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, ayaṃ kho bhikkhave ekapuggalo loke uppajjamāno uppajjati bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānanti evamādikā bhagavatā dhammadesanāyo desitā.

答：尊者，在《一人品》中，世尊说：“诸比丘，有一人出现于世间，是为了众生的利益，为了众生的安乐，为了怜悯世间，为了天人的福祉、利益与安乐。是哪一人呢？即如来、阿罗汉、正等觉者。诸比丘，此一人出现于世间，是为了众生的利益，为了众生的安乐，为了怜悯世间，为了天人的福祉、利益与安乐。”世尊宣说了如是等法。

Etadaggavagga

第一品

Aññāsikoṇḍañña vatthu

阿若憍陈如事

Pucchā – etadavagge [Pg.30] āvuso āgatesu ekacattālīsāya theresu āyasmā aññāsikoṇḍaññatthero kathaṃ bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

问：贤友，在《第一品》的四十一位长老中，具寿阿若憍陈如长老是如何被世尊置于第一之位的？

Vissajjanā – etadaggavagge bhante āgatesu ekacattālīsāya mahātheresu ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ rattaññūnaṃ yadidaṃ aññāsikoṇḍañño’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante āyasmā aññāsikoṇḍaññatthero bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

答：尊者，在《第一品》的四十一位大长老中，世尊说：“诸比丘，在我的声闻比丘中，最早证悟者，即阿若憍陈如。”尊者，具寿阿若憍陈如长老就是这样被世尊置于第一之位的。

Aggasāvakavatthu

上首弟子的故事

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.36] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye ekakanipāte etadaggavagge āgatesu ekacattālīsāya mahātheresu āyasmā ca sāriputtatthero dhammasenāpati paṭhamo aggasāvako āyasmā ca mahāmoggallānatthero dutiyo aggasāvako kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

问：贤友，那位世尊……乃至……正等觉者，在《增支部·一集·第一品》的四十一位大长老中，法将、第一上首弟子具寿舍利弗长老，以及第二上首弟子具寿大目犍连长老，是如何被置于第一之位的？

Vissajjanā – āyasmā bhante sāriputtatthero dhammasenāpati ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ sāriputto’’ti. Āyasmā pana mahāmoggallānatthero ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ iddhimantānaṃ yadidaṃ mahāmoggallāno’’ti. Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

答：尊者，关于法将具寿舍利弗长老，世尊说：“诸比丘，在我的声闻比丘中，大智慧第一者，即是舍利弗。”而关于具寿大目犍连长老，世尊说：“诸比丘，在我的声闻比丘中，神通第一者，即是大目犍连。”尊者，他们就是这样被世尊置于第一之位的。

Idaṃ [Pg.40] te āsanaṃ vīra, paññattaṃ tavanucchaviṃ;

Mama cittaṃ pasādento, nisīda pupphamāsane.

勇者，此座为你设，与你相称；为令我心生欢喜，请坐花座。

Ye [Pg.44] vata loke arahanto vā arahattamaggaṃ vā samāpannā, ayaṃ tesaṃ bhikkhu aññataro.

世间凡是阿罗汉，或已证入阿罗汉道者，这位比丘就是他们中的一位。

Yaṃnūnāhaṃ imaṃ bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ puccheyyaṃ.

我何不前往那位比丘处，向他请教问题呢？

Ye dhammā hetuppabhavā,Tesaṃ hetuṃ tathāgato;

Āha tesañca yo nirodho,Evaṃvādī mahāsamaṇo –

诸法因缘生，如来说其因；彼法亦复灭，大沙门如是说。

Labheyyāma [Pg.46] mayaṃ bhante bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyāma upasampadaṃ.

尊者，愿我们得在世尊座下出家，得受具足戒。

Etadaggaṃ [Pg.47] bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ sāriputto.

诸比丘，在我的声闻比丘中，大智慧第一者，即是舍利弗。

Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ iddhimantānaṃ yadidaṃ mahāmoggallāno.

诸比丘，在我的声闻比丘中，神通第一者，即是大目犍连。

Mahākassapavatthu

摩诃迦叶事

Pucchā – āyasmā [Pg.48] pana āvuso mahākassapatthero paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle pāmokkhasaṅghanāyakabhūto bhagavatā kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

问：贤友，具寿摩诃迦叶长老在第一次大结集（paṭhamamahāsaṃgīti）时成为僧团首脑，世尊是如何将他安置于第一（etadagga）之位的？

Vissajjanā – āyasmā bhante mahākassapatthero paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle saṅghapāmokkhabhūto ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhutavādānaṃ yadidaṃ mahākassapo’’ti. Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

答：尊者，具寿摩诃迦叶长老在第一次大结集时，是僧团的首座。世尊曾这样说：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，行头陀行者，即是摩诃迦叶。”尊者，世尊正是这样将他安置于第一之位。

Anuruddhattheravatthu

阿那律长老事

Pucchā – tenāvuso…pe… [Pg.51] sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye ekakanipāte etadaggavagge āgatesu ekacattālīsāya mahātheresu āyasmā anuruddhatthero kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

问：贤友，……乃至……正等觉者，在《增支部》（Aṅguttaranikāya）一集《第一品》（Etadaggavagga）中所述的四十一位大长老中，具寿阿那律长老是如何被安置于第一之位的？

Vissajjanā – āyasmā [Pg.52] bhante anuruddhatthero ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dibbacakkhukānaṃ yadidaṃ anuruddho’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

答：尊者，具寿阿那律长老，世尊曾说：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，具天眼者，即是阿那律。”尊者，世尊正是这样将他安置于第一之位。

Sīvalivatthu

西瓦离事

Pucchā – āyasmā [Pg.54] pana āvuso sīvalitthero bhagavatā kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

问：贤友，世尊是如何将具寿西瓦离长老安置在第一之位的？

Vissajjanā – āyasmā bhante sīvalitthero ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ lābhīnaṃ yadidaṃ sīvalī’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

答：尊者，具寿西瓦离长老，世尊说：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，得利养者，即是西瓦离。”尊者，世尊正是这样将他安置于第一之位。

Sammāsambuddho [Pg.56] vata so bhagavā, yo imassa evarūpassa dukkhassa pahānāya dhammaṃ deseti.

那位世尊确实是正等觉者，他宣说为了断除此等痛苦之法。

Suppaṭipanno vata tassa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yo imassa evarūpassa dukkhassa pahānāya paṭipanno.

那位世尊的声闻僧团确实是善行道者，为断除此等痛苦而行道。

Susukhaṃ vata nibbānaṃ, yatthidaṃ evarūpaṃ dukkhaṃ na saṃvijjati –

涅槃确实是至乐，于彼处此等痛苦不复存在。

‘‘Etadaggaṃ [Pg.58] bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ lābhīnaṃ yadidaṃ sīvali’’ hu –

“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，得利养第一者，即是西瓦离。”

Ānandātheravatthu

阿难长老事

Pucchā – āyasmā pana āvuso ānandatthero dhammabhaṇḍāgāriko paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle dhammavissajjakatherabhūto kathaṃ bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

问：贤友，具寿阿难长老是法藏守护者（dhammabhaṇḍāgārika），也是第一次大结集时解答法义的上座（dhammavissajjakathera），世尊是如何将他安置于第一之位的？

Vissajjanā – āyasmā [Pg.59] bhante ānandatthero dhammabhaṇḍāgāriko paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle dhammavissajjakabhūto ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahussutānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando. Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ satimantānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando. Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ gatimantānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando. Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhitimantānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando. Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ upaṭṭhākānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā pañcasu etadaggaṭṭhānesu ṭhapito.

答：尊者，具寿阿难长老，作为法藏守护者，在第一次大结集时担当法义解答者。世尊说：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，多闻第一者，即是阿难。诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，具念第一者，即是阿难。诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，具足行仪第一者，即是阿难。诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，坚毅第一者，即是阿难。诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，侍者第一者，即是阿难。”尊者，世尊正是这样将他安置在这五个第一之位。

Satasahassena [Pg.61] me kītaṃ,Satasahassena māpitaṃ;

Sobhanaṃ nāma uyyānaṃ;

Paṭiggaṇha mahāmuni –

我以十万金购得，我以十万金建成；此园名为“善见”，大牟尼（mahāmuni）请纳受。

‘‘Etadaggaṃ [Pg.64] bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahussutānaṃ. Satimantānaṃ. Gatimantānaṃ. Dhitimantānaṃ. Upaṭṭhākānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando’’ –

“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，多闻者、具念者、具足行仪者、坚毅者、侍者第一者，即是阿难。”

Upālivatthu

优波离事

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.65] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye ekakanipāte etadaggavagge āgatesu ekacattālīsāya mahātheresu āyasmā upālitthero paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle vinayavissajjakabhūto kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

问：贤友，世尊……（中略）……正等觉者在《增支部·一集·最胜品》中所述的四十一位大长老中，具寿优波离长老在第一次大结集时作为律藏的解答者，是如何被置于最胜之位的？

Vissajjanā – āyasmā bhante upālitthero paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle vinayavissajjakabhūto ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vinayadharānaṃ yadidaṃ upālī’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

答：尊者，具寿优波离长老在第一次大结集时作为律藏的解答者，世尊是这样将他安立于最胜之位的：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘中，持律第一者，即是优波离。”

Vinayo vāsayo mayhaṃ,Vinayo ṭhānacaṅkamaṃ;

Kappemi vinaye vāsaṃ,Vinayo mama gocaro.

律为我住所，律为我行处；我于律中住，律为我行境。

Mahāpajāpatigotamītherīvatthu

摩诃波阇波提·乔达弥长老尼事

Pucchā – etadaggavagge [Pg.68] āvuso āgatāsu terasasu therīsu mahāpajāpati gotamītherī kathaṃ bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，在《最胜品》中所述的十三位长老尼中，摩诃波阇波提·乔达弥长老尼是如何被世尊置于最胜之位的？

Vissajjanā – etadaggavagge [Pg.69] bhante āgatāsu terasasu therīsu mahāpajāpatigotamītherī ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ rattaññūnaṃ yadidaṃ mahāpajāpati gotamī’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，在《最胜品》中所述的十三位长老尼中，世尊是这样将摩诃波阇波提·乔达弥长老尼安立于最胜之位的：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，长老第一者，即是摩诃波阇波提·乔达弥。”

‘‘Etadaggaṃ [Pg.73] bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ rattaññūnaṃ yadidaṃ mahāpajāpatigotamī’’ –

“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，长老第一者，即是摩诃波阇波提·乔达弥。”

Pucchā – khemātherī pana āvuso aggasāvikā bhagavatā kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，谶摩长老尼作为上首女弟子，是如何被世尊置于最胜之位的呢？

Vissajjanā – khemātherī bhante paṭhamā aggasāvikā ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ khemā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，第一上首女弟子谶摩长老尼，世尊是这样将她安立于最胜之位的：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，大慧第一者，即是谶摩。”

‘‘Ye rāgarattānupatanti sotaṃ,Sayaṃkataṃ makkaṭova jālaṃ,Etampi chetvāna vajanti dhīrā;

Anapekkhino sabbadukkhaṃ pahāya’’ –

“贪染随逐欲流者，如蜘蛛自投网；智者断此无欲求，舍离众苦而远行。”

‘‘Etadaggaṃ [Pg.77] bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ khemā’’ –

“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，大慧第一者，即是谶摩。”

Pucchā – uppalavaṇṇā pana āvuso therī dutiyaaggasāvikā bhagavatā kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，莲花色长老尼作为第二上首女弟子，是如何被世尊置于最胜之位的呢？

Vissajjanā – uppalavaṇṇā bhante therī dutiyaaggasāvikā ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ iddhimantīnaṃ yadidaṃ uppalavaṇṇā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，第二上首女弟子莲花色长老尼，世尊是这样将她安立于最胜之位的：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，神通第一者，即是莲花色。”

‘‘Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ iddhimantīnaṃ yadidaṃ uppalavaṇṇā’’ –

“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，神通第一者，即是莲花色。”

Paṭācārātherībhikkhunīmavatthu

芭达嘉拉长老尼的故事

Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye ekakanipāte etadaggavagge āgatāsu terasasu therīsu paṭācārānāma therī kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，世尊……（中略）……正自觉者在《增支部·一集·最上位品》中所列的十三位长老尼中，名为芭达嘉拉的长老尼是如何被置于最上位的呢？

Vissajjanā – etadaggavagge bhante āgatāsu terasasu therikāsu paṭācārā therī ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vinayadharānaṃ yadidaṃ paṭācārā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，在《最上位品》中所列的十三位长老尼中，世尊曾这样安立芭达嘉拉长老尼：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，持律第一者，即是芭达嘉拉。”尊者，世尊正是如此将她置于最上位的。

‘‘Ubho puttā kālaṅkatā,Panthe mayhaṃ patī mato;

Mātāpitā ca bhātā ca,Ekacitakasmiṃ ḍayhare’’ –

“二子皆亡故，我夫命丧途；父母与兄弟，同冢共焚烧。”

‘‘Catūsu samuddesu jalaṃ parittakaṃ,Tato bahuṃ assujalaṃ anappakaṃ;

Dukkhena phuṭṭhassa narassa socanā,Kiṃ kāraṇā amma tuvaṃ pamajjasi’’ –

“四海之水少，汝泪多无量；为苦所触恼，母何故放逸？”

‘‘Na [Pg.83] santi puttā tāṇāya,Na pitā nāpi bandhavā;

Antakenādhipannassa,Natthi ñātīsu tāṇatā;

Etamatthavasaṃ ñatvā, paṇḍito sīlasaṃvuto;

Nibbānagamanaṃ maggaṃ, khippameva visodhaye’’ –

“子女非庇护，父母非庇护，亲族亦非是；死神所制时，亲族无庇护。智者知此义，持戒善守护，速净涅槃道。”

‘‘Yo [Pg.84] ca vassasataṃ jīve,Apassaṃ udayabbayaṃ;

Ekāhaṃ jīvitaṃ seyyo,Passato udayabbayaṃ’’ –

“若人寿百岁，不见生灭法，不如生一日，得见生灭法。”

‘‘Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vinayadharānaṃ yadidaṃ paṭācārā’’ –

“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，持律第一者，即是芭达嘉拉。”

Dhammadinnātherībhikkhunīmavatthu

法施长老尼的故事

Pucchā – dhammadinnā [Pg.85] pana āvuso therī bhagavatā kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，法施长老尼是如何被世尊置于最上位的呢？

Vissajjanā – dhammadinnā bhante therī ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ dhammakathikānaṃ yadidaṃ dhammadinnā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，世尊曾这样安立法施长老尼：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，说法第一者，即是法施。”尊者，世尊正是如此将她置于最上位的。

‘‘Yassa [Pg.88] pure ca pacchā ca,Majjheca natthi kiñcanaṃ;

Akiñcanaṃ anādānaṃ,Tamahaṃ brūmi brāhmaṇaṃ’’ –

“于前于后于中间，彼无任何之障碍，无著无取无挂念，我称彼为婆罗门。”

‘‘Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ dhammakathikānaṃ yadidaṃ dhammadinnā’’ –

“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，说法第一者，即是法施。”

Yasodharātherībhikkhunīmavatthu

耶输陀罗长老尼的故事

Pucchā – bhaddakaccānānāma āvuso yasodharātherī bhagavatā kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，名为跋陀迦旃延(Bhaddakaccānā)的耶输陀罗长老尼是如何被世尊置于最上位的呢？

Vissajjanā – bhaddakaccānā [Pg.89] bhante yasodharātherī bhagavatā ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ mahābhiññapattānaṃ yadidaṃ bhaddakaccānā’’ti. Evaṃ kho bhante etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，跋陀迦旃延耶输陀罗长老尼被世尊如此置于最上位：“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，得大神通第一者，即是跋陀迦旃延。”尊者，她确实是如此被置于最上位的。

‘‘Etadaggaṃ [Pg.90] bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ mahābhiññapattānaṃ yadidaṃ bhaddakaccānā’’ –

“诸比丘，于我声闻比丘尼中，得大神通第一者，即是跋陀迦旃延。”

Tapussabhallikavatthu

提婆娑跋梨迦事

Pucchā – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.91] āvuso etadaggavagge āgatesu ekādasasu upāsakesu tapussabhallikānāma vāṇijā bhagavatā kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

提问：贤友，在增支部《最胜品》中所记载的十一位优婆塞中，世尊如何将名为提婆娑(Tapussa)和跋梨迦(Bhallika)的商人安置于最胜地位？

Vissajjanā – tapussabhallikā bhante vāṇijā ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ upāsakānaṃ paṭhamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchantānaṃ yadidaṃ tapussabhallikā vāṇijā’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

回答：尊者，世尊如此将提婆娑和跋梨迦商人安置于最胜地位：“诸比丘，于我优婆塞声闻弟子中，最初归依者，即是提婆娑和跋梨迦商人。”尊者，世尊确实如此将他们安置于最胜地位。

‘‘Ete [Pg.93] bhante mayaṃ bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca, upāsake no bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṃ gate’’ hu –

“尊者，我们归依世尊和法。愿世尊忆持我们为优婆塞，从今日起，终身归依。”

‘‘Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ upāsakānaṃ paṭhamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchantānaṃ yadidaṃ tapussabhallikā vāṇijā’’ –

“诸比丘，于我优婆塞声闻弟子中，最初归依者，即是提婆娑和跋梨迦商人。”

Anāthapiṇḍakavatthu

给孤独事

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.94] bhagavatā arahatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye ekakanipāte etadaggavagge āgatesu ekādasasu upāsakesu sudatto gahapati anāthapiṇḍiko kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

提问：贤友，那位世尊、阿罗汉……乃至……正自觉者，在增支部一集《最胜品》中所记载的十一位优婆塞中，是如何将善施(Sudatta)长者给孤独安置于最胜地位的？

Vissajjanā – etadaggavagge bhante āgatesu ekādasasu upāsakesu sudatto gahapati anāthapiṇḍiko ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ upāsakānaṃ dāyakānaṃ yadidaṃ sudatto gahapati anāthapiṇḍiko’’ti. Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

回答：尊者，在《最胜品》中提到的十一位优婆塞中，世尊如此将善施长者给孤独安置于最胜地位：“诸比丘，于我优婆塞声闻弟子中，布施第一者，即是善施长者给孤独。”尊者，世尊确实如此将他安置于最胜地位。

Etadaggaṃ [Pg.97] bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ upāsakānaṃ dāyakānaṃ yadidaṃ sudatto gahapati anāthapiṇḍiko–

“诸比丘，于我优婆塞声闻弟子中，布施第一者，即是善施长者给孤独。”

Sūrambaṭṭhaupāsakāvatthu

苏罗安巴塔优婆塞事

Pucchā – sūrambaṭṭho nāma āvuso upāsako bhagavatā kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

提问：贤友，世尊如何将名为苏罗安巴塔(Sūrambaṭṭha)的优婆塞安置于最胜地位？

Vissajjanā – sūrambaṭṭho upāsako ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ upāsakānaṃ aveccappasannānaṃ yadidaṃ sūrambaṭṭho’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapito.

回答：尊者，世尊如此将苏罗安巴塔优婆塞安置于最胜地位：“诸比丘，于我优婆塞声闻弟子中，具不坏信第一者，即是苏罗安巴塔。”尊者，世尊确实如此将他安置于最胜地位。

‘‘Etadaggaṃ [Pg.100] bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ upāsakānaṃ aveccappasannānaṃ yadidaṃ sūrambaṭṭho’’ hu –

“诸比丘，于我优婆塞声闻弟子中，具不坏信第一者，即是苏罗安巴塔。”

Sujātā upāsikāvatthu

善生优婆夷事

Pucchā – etadaggavagge [Pg.101] āvuso āgatāsu dasasu upāsikāsu sujātānāma upāsikā seniyadhītā kathaṃ bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，在《最胜品》中提到的十位优婆夷中，世尊如何将名为善生（Sujātā）的优婆夷，即斯尼耶之女，置于最胜之位？

Vissajjanā – sujātā bhante seniyadhītā ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ upāsikānaṃ paṭhamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchantīnaṃ yadidaṃ sujātā seniyadhītā’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，善生，斯尼耶之女，世尊如此将她置于最胜之位：“诸比丘，于我最初归依的优婆夷声闻弟子中，此即善生，斯尼耶之女。”尊者，世尊确实如此将她置于最胜之位。

‘‘Etā [Pg.104] mayaṃ bhante bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca, upāsikāyo no bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetā saraṇaṃ gatā’’ hu –

“尊者，我们归依世尊、法、比丘僧。愿世尊忆持我们为优婆夷，从今日起，终身归依。”

‘‘Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ upāsikānaṃ paṭhamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchantīnaṃ yadidaṃ sujātā seniyadhītā’’ –

“诸比丘，于我最初归依的优婆夷声闻弟子中，此即善生，斯尼耶之女。”

Visākhā upāsikāvatthu

毘舍佉优婆夷事

Pucchā – visākhā [Pg.105] pana āvuso upāsikā kathaṃ bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，世尊如何将毘舍佉优婆夷置于最胜之位？

Vissajjanā – visākhā bhante upāsikā migāramātā ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ upāsikānaṃ dāyikānaṃ yadidaṃ visākhā migāramātā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，鹿母毘舍佉优婆夷，世尊如此将她置于最胜之位：“诸比丘，于我布施第一的优婆夷声闻弟子中，此即鹿母毘舍佉。”尊者，世尊确实如此将她置于最胜之位。

‘‘Etadaggaṃ [Pg.107] bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ upāsikānaṃ dāyikānaṃ yadidaṃ visākhā migāramātā’’ hu –

“诸比丘，于我布施第一的优婆夷声闻弟子中，此即鹿母毘舍佉。”

Khujjuttarā upāsikāvatthu

库竹达拉优婆夷事

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.108] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye ekakanipāte etadaggavagge āgatāsu dasasu upāsikāsu khujjuttarānāma upāsikā kathaṃ etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，那位世尊……乃至……正自觉者，在《增支部·一集·最胜品》中提到的十位优婆夷中，如何将名为库竹达拉的优婆夷置于最胜之位？

Vissajjanā – etadaggavagge bhante āgatāsu dasasu upāsikāsu khujjuttarā upāsikā ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ upāsikānaṃ bahussutānaṃ yadidaṃ khujjuttarā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，在《最胜品》中提到的十位优婆夷中，库竹达拉优婆夷，世尊如此将她置于最胜之位：“诸比丘，于我多闻第一的优婆夷声闻弟子中，此即库竹达拉。”尊者，世尊确实如此将她置于最胜之位。

‘‘Etadaggaṃ [Pg.111] bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ bahussutānaṃ yadidaṃ khujjuttarā’’ hu –

“诸比丘，于我多闻第一的优婆夷声闻弟子中，此即库竹达拉。”

Kāḷīupāsikāvatthu

迦梨优婆夷事

Pucchā – kāḷīnāma āvuso upāsikā kuraragharikā kathaṃ bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

问：贤友，世尊如何将名为迦梨的优婆夷，拘楼罗家女，置于最胜之位？

Vissajjanā – kāḷī bhante upāsikā kuraragharikā ‘‘etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ anussavappasannānaṃ yadidaṃ kāḷī upāsikā kuraragharikā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā etadaggaṭṭhāne ṭhapitā.

答：尊者，迦梨优婆夷，拘楼罗家女，世尊如此将她置于最胜之位：“诸比丘，于我因听闻而信乐第一的优婆夷声闻弟子中，此即迦梨优婆夷，拘楼罗家女。”尊者，世尊确实如此将她置于最胜之位。

‘‘Etadaggaṃ [Pg.112] bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṃ upāsikānaṃ anussavappasannānaṃ yadidaṃ kāḷī upāsikā kuraragharikā’’ –

“诸比丘，于我因听闻而信乐第一的优婆夷声闻弟子中，此即迦梨优婆夷，拘楼罗家女。”

Aṭṭhānapāḷi

不可能品

Pucchā – sakalāpi [Pg.113] āvuso aṭṭhānapāḷi bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitā.

提问——贤友，全部《不可能品》是如何为世尊所宣说的？

Vissajjanā – aṭṭhānametaṃ bhikkhave anavakāso, yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo kañcisaṅkhāraṃ niccato upagaccheyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Ṭhānañca kho etaṃ bhikkhave vijjati, yaṃ puthujjano kañcisaṅkhāraṃ niccato upagaccheyya, ṭhānametaṃ vijjatīti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā sakalāpi aṭṭhānapāḷi bhāsitā.

答复——“诸比丘，具见之人视任何行为常，此事无有是处，无有可能；此理不存在。诸比丘，而凡夫视任何行为常，此事有是处；此理实有。”尊者，世尊以如是等方式宣说了全部《不可能品》。

Ekadhammapāḷi paṭhamavagga

一法品·初品

Pucchā – ekadhammapāḷiyaṃ [Pg.114] āvuso paṭhamavagge kīdisī dhammadesanā bhagavatā desitā.

提问——贤友，在《一法品》初品中，世尊宣说了怎样的法教？

Vissajjanā – ekadhammapāḷiyaṃ bhante paṭhamavagge ‘‘ekadhammo bhikkhave bhāvito bahulīkato ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Katamo ekadhammo, buddhānussati, ayaṃ kho bhikkhave ekadhammo bhāvito bahulīkato ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattatī’’ti evamādikā bhagavatā dhammadesanā desitā.

答复——尊者，在《一法品》初品中，世尊宣说了如此等法教：“诸比丘，有一法，若修习、多修习，则导向完全的厌离、离贪、灭尽、止息、证智、觉悟、涅槃。是哪一法？即佛随念。诸比丘，此一法，若修习、多修习，则导向完全的厌离、离贪、灭尽、止息、证智、觉悟、涅槃。”

Pucchā – dutiyavagge [Pg.115] pana āvuso bhagavatā kīdisī dhammadesanāyo desitā.

提问——贤友，那么在第二品中，世尊宣说了怎样的法教？

Vissajjanā – dutiyavagge [Pg.116] bhante bhagavatā ‘‘nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppannā vā akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā vā akusalā dhammā bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattanti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave micchādiṭṭhi. Micchādiṭṭhikassa bhikkhave anuppannā ceva akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā ca akusalā dhammā bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Evamādikā bhagavatā dhammadesanāyo desitā.

答复——尊者，在第二品中，世尊宣说了如此等法教：“诸比丘，我不见有其他任何一法，能令未生之不善法生起、已生之不善法增长广大者，此即邪见。诸比丘，于具邪见者，未生之不善法生起，已生之不善法亦增长广大。”

Tatiyavagga

第三品

Pucchā – tatiyavagge [Pg.117] pana āvuso pañcamādīni aṭṭha suttāni bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

提问——贤友，在第三品中，世尊是如何宣说第五经等八部经的？

Vissajjanā – tatiyavagge bhante pañcamādīni aṭṭhasuttāni ‘‘durakkhāte bhikkhave dhammavinaye yo ca samādapeti, yañca samādapeti, yo ca samādapito tathattāya paṭipajjati. Sabbete bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavanti. Taṃkissahetu, durakkhābhattā bhikkhave dhammassa. Svākkhāte bhikkhave dhammavinaye yo ca samādapeti, yañca samādapeti, yo ca samādapito, tathattāya paṭipajjati, sabbete bahuṃ puññaṃ pasavanti. Taṃkissahetu svākkhātattā bhikkhave dhammassā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答复——尊者，在第三品中，第五经等八部经，世尊是以如是等方式宣说的：“诸比丘，于不善说之法与律中，其劝导者、被劝导者、及被劝导后如实修行者，此等一切人皆产生众多非福。何以故？诸比丘，因其法为不善说故。诸比丘，于善说之法与律中，其劝导者、被劝导者、及被劝导后如实修行者，此等一切人皆产生众多福德。何以故？诸比丘，因其法为善说故。”

Apara accharāsaṅghātavagga

其他弹指品

Pucchā – aparaaccharāsaṅghātavagge [Pg.120] pana āvuso bhagavatā kīdisī dhammadesanāyo desitā.

问：贤友，世尊在其他弹指品中说了怎样的法教？

Vissajjanā – aparaaccharāsaṅghātavagge bhante ‘‘accharāsaṅghātamattampi ce bhikkhave bhikkhu paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti, ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave bhikkhu arittajjhāno viharati satthusāsanakaro ovādapatikaro amoghaṃ raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjati, ko pana vādo ye naṃ bahulīkarontī’’ti evamādikā bhante bhagavatā dhammadesanāyo desitā.

答：尊者，在其他弹指品中，世尊曾如此开示：“诸比丘，如果比丘即使只修习了弹指顷的初禅，此比丘就被称为住于不空禅者，遵行导师教诫，随顺教诲，不虚受国土供养。更何况那些多修习的人呢！”尊者，世尊宣说了如此等法教。

Kāyagatāsativagga

身至念品

Pucchā – sakalopi [Pg.122] āvuso kāyagatāsativaggo bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsito.

问：贤友，世尊是如何完整地宣说身至念品的内容的？

Vissajjanā – yassa kassaci bhikkhave mahāsamuddo cetasā phuṭo, antogadhā tassa kunnadiyo yākāci samuddaṅgamā, evameva bhikkhave yassa kassaci kāyagatāsati bhāvitā bahulīkatā, antogadhā tassa kusalā dhammā yekeci vijjābhāgiyā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā sakalopi kāyagatāsativaggo bhāsito.

答：诸比丘，无论谁，如果大海为其心所遍满，则一切流入大海的江河，皆已包含其中。诸比丘，同样地，无论谁，如果身至念已修习、已多修习，则一切善法、所有属于明分之法，皆已包含其中。尊者，世尊以如此等方式开示了整个身至念品。

Amatavagga

甘露品

Pucchā – sakalopi [Pg.123] āvuso amatavaggo bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsato.

问：贤友，世尊是如何完整地宣说《甘露品》的？

Vissajjanā – amataṃ te bhikkhave na paribhuñjanti, ye kāyagatāsatiṃ na paribhuñjanti. Amataṃ te bhikkhave paribhuñjanti, ye kāyagatāsatiṃ paribhuñjanti. Amataṃ te bhikkhave aparibhuttaṃ, yesaṃ kāyagatāsati aparibhuttā. Amataṃ te bhikkhave paribhuttaṃ, yesaṃ kāyagatāsati paribhuttāti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā sakalopi amatavaggo bhāsito.

答：诸比丘，不修习身至念者，不享用甘露。诸比丘，修习身至念者，享用甘露。诸比丘，未修习身至念者，甘露未被享用。诸比丘，已修习身至念者，甘露已被享用。尊者，世尊如是完整地宣说了《甘露品》。

Kammakaraṇavagga, vajjasutta

业行品·过失经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.125] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye dukanipāte kammakaraṇavagge paṭhamaṃ vajjasuttaṃ kattha kassa kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊、正等觉者，在《增支部》二集《业行品》中，最初的《过失经》是在哪里、为谁、如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ‘‘dvemāni bhikkhave vajjāni. Katamāni dve diṭṭhadhammikañca vajjaṃ samparāyikañca vajja’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，在舍卫城，世尊对众多比丘说：“诸比丘，有两种过失。哪两种呢？现法过失和后世过失。”世尊如是宣说。

Tasmātiha [Pg.127] bhikkhave evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘‘diṭṭhadhammikassa vajjassa bhāyissāma, samparāyikassa vajjassa bhāyissāma, vajjabhīruno bhavissāma vajjabhayadassāvino’’ti. Evañhi kho bhikkhave sikkhitabbaṃ.

因此，诸比丘，应如是学习：“我们将畏惧现法过失，将畏惧后世过失，我们将成为畏惧过失者，见于过失之怖畏者。”诸比丘，确实应如是学习。

Padhānasutta

精勤经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.128] āvuso dutiyaṃ padhānasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kassa kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在何处、为谁、以何种方式宣说了第二部《精勤经》？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃyeva bhante sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ‘‘dvemāni bhikkhave padhānāni durabhisambhavāni lokasmiṃ. Katamāni dve, yañca gihīnaṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasataṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppādanatthaṃ padhānaṃ, yañca agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitānaṃ sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggattaṃ padhānaṃ. Imāni kho bhikkhave dve padhānāni durabhisambhavāni lokasmi’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)对众多比丘说：“诸比丘，世间有两种难以达成的精勤。哪两种呢？一是在家者为获得衣、食、住处、医药等资具而精勤；二是从在家生活出家者为完全舍弃一切执著而精勤。诸比丘，这两种精勤，在世间确实难以达成。”世尊如是宣说。

Tapanīyasutta

热恼经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.130] āvuso tapanīyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说《热恼经》的？

Vissajjanā – dveme bhikkhave dhammā tapanīyā. Katame dve, idha bhikkhave ekaccassa kāyaduccaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti kāya sucaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti vacīsucaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti manosucaritaṃ. So ‘‘kāyaduccaritaṃ me kata’’nti tappati, ‘‘akataṃ me kāyasucarita’’nti tappati. Vacīduccaritaṃ (pa) ‘‘manoduccaritaṃ me kata’’nti tappati, ‘‘akataṃ me manosucarita’’nti tappati. Ime kho bhikkhave dve dhammā tapanīyāti. Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊宣说：“诸比丘，有两种法是热恼的。哪两种呢？诸比丘，在此，某人做了身恶行，未做身善行；做了语恶行，未做语善行；做了意恶行，未做意善行。他因‘我做了身恶行’而热恼，因‘我未做身善行’而热恼；因‘我做了语恶行……’因‘我做了意恶行’而热恼，因‘我未做意善行’而热恼。诸比丘，这两种法是热恼的。”尊者，世尊如是宣说。

Atapanīyasutta

不热恼经

Pucchā – catutthaṃ [Pg.131] pana āvuso atapanīyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊是如何宣说第四部《不热恼经》的？

Vissajjanā – catutthaṃ bhante atapanīyasuttaṃ ‘‘dveme bhikkhave dhammā atapanīyā. Katame dve, idha bhikkhave ekaccassa kāyasucaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti kāyaduccaritaṃ. Vacīsucaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti vacīduccaritaṃ. Manosucaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti manoduccaritaṃ. So ‘kāyasucaritaṃ me kata’nti na tappati, ‘akataṃ me kāyaduccarita’nti natappati. ‘Vacīsucaritaṃ…pe… manosucaritaṃ me kata’nti na tappati. ‘Akataṃ me manoduccarita’nti na tappati. Ime kho bhikkhave dve dhammā atapanīyā’’ti. Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，第四部《不热恼经》说：“诸比丘，有两种法是不热恼的。哪两种呢？诸比丘，在此，某人做了身善行，未做身恶行；做了语善行，未做语恶行；做了意善行，未做意恶行。他因‘我做了身善行’而不热恼，因‘我未做身恶行’而不热恼；因‘我做了语善行……’因‘我做了意善行’而不热恼，因‘我未做意恶行’而不热恼。诸比丘，这两种法是不热恼的。”尊者，世尊如是宣说。

Upaññātasutta

策励经

Pucchā – pañcamaṃ [Pg.132] pana āvuso upaññātasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊是如何宣说第五《策励经》的？

Vissajjanā – pañcamaṃ bhante upaññātasuttaṃ ‘‘dvinnāhaṃ bhikkhave dhammānaṃ upaññāsiṃ. Yā ca asantuṭṭhitā kusalesu dhammesu, yā ca appaṭivānitā padhānasmiṃ. Appaṭivāni sudāhaṃ bhikkhave padahāmi ‘kāmaṃ-taco ca nhāru ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatu upasussatu sarīre maṃsalohitaṃ, yaṃ [Pg.133] taṃ purisathāmena purisavīriyena purisaparakkamena pattabbaṃ, na taṃ apāpuṇitvā vīriyassa saṇṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’’ti. Evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，第五《策励经》说：“诸比丘，我了知两种法：于诸善法不满足，以及于精勤不退转。诸比丘，我确实不退转地精勤：‘宁可只剩下皮肤、筋与骨，身体中的血肉都干枯，凡是以人的毅力、人的精进、人的努力所应达到的，若不达到，我的精进决不停止。’”尊者，世尊如是宣说。

Cariyasutta

行经

Pucchā – navamaṃ [Pg.134] pana āvuso cariyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊是如何宣说第九《行经》的？

Vissajjanā – navamaṃ bhante cariyasuttaṃ ‘‘dveme bhikkhave dhammā sukkā lokaṃ pālenti. Katame dve, hirīca ottappañca. Ime kho bhikkhave dve sukkā dhammā lokaṃ na pāleyyuṃ, nayidha paññāyetha ‘mātā’tivā ‘mātucchā’tivā ‘mātulānī’tivā ‘ācariyabhariyā’tivā ‘garūnaṃ dārā’ti’’vāti, evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，第九《行经》说：“诸比丘，有两种白法守护世间。是哪两种呢？惭与愧。诸比丘，如果这两种白法不守护世间，那么在此就不会有‘这是母亲’、‘这是姨母’、‘这是舅母’、‘这是师母’、‘这是尊长之妻’这样的分别了。”尊者，世尊如是宣说。

Adhikaraṇavagga, sattamasutta

诤事品第七经

Pucchā – adhikaraṇavagge [Pg.136] pana āvuso sattamasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，关于《诤事品》第七经，世尊是在何处，针对何人，因何事，以及如何宣说的呢？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante jāṇussoṇiṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Jāṇussoṇi bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘ko nu kho bho gotama hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃmaraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjantī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘katattā ca brāhmaṇa akatattā ca evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃmaraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjantī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，此经是在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，针对阇奴索尼(Jāṇussoṇi)婆罗门而说。尊者，阇奴索尼婆罗门对世尊说：“乔达摩尊者，是何因何缘，令此处某些有情身坏命终后，投生于恶趣、恶道、堕处、地狱呢？”尊者，世尊就此事说：“婆罗门，因已作与未作，此处某些有情身坏命终后，投生于恶趣、恶道、堕处、地狱。”尊者，世尊如是宣说。

Ko [Pg.137] nu kho bho gotama hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti.

乔达摩尊者，是何因何缘，令此处某些有情身坏命终后，投生于恶趣、恶道、堕处、地狱呢？

‘‘Katattāca brāhmaṇa akatattāca evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti’’ –

婆罗门，因已作与未作，此处某些有情身坏命终后，投生于恶趣、恶道、堕处、地狱。

Ko [Pg.138] pana bho gotama hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti –

乔达摩尊者，又是何因何缘，令此处某些有情身坏命终后，投生于善趣、天界呢？

Katattā ca brāhmaṇa akatattā ca evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.

婆罗门，因已作与未作，此处某些有情身坏命终后，投生于善趣、天界。

Na kho ahaṃ imassa bhoto gotamassa saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ –

我实未能了知尊者乔达摩此番简说而未详尽解释的义理。

Sādhu me bhavaṃ gotamo tathā dhammaṃ desetu.

善哉！愿乔达摩尊者为我详细说法。

Aṭṭhamasutta

第八经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.140] āvuso aṭṭhamasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kassa kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，这第八经，世尊在哪里、为谁、如何宣说的呢？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmato ānandassa ‘‘ekaṃsenāhaṃ ānanda akaraṇīyaṃ vadāmi kāyaduccaritaṃ manoduccarita’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，世尊对具寿阿难说：“阿难，我断言，身恶行、意恶行是不应作的。”世尊就是这样开示的。

‘‘Ekaṃsenāhaṃ [Pg.141] ānanda karaṇīyaṃ vadāmi kāyasucaritaṃ vacīsucaritaṃ manosucaritaṃ’’ –

“阿难，我断言，应当实行身善行、语善行、意善行。”

Navamasutta

第九经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.142] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye dukanipāte adhikaraṇavagge navamasuttaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，这是世尊……正自觉者在增支部二集诤事品第九经中所说的吗？

Vissajjanā – akusalaṃ [Pg.143] bhikkhave pajahatha, sakkā bhikkhave akusalaṃ pajahituṃ. Nocedaṃ bhikkhave sakkā abhavissa akusalaṃ pajahituṃ, nāhaṃ evaṃ vadeyyaṃ ‘‘akusalaṃ bhikkhave pajahathā’’ti. Yasmā ca kho bhikkhave sakkā akusalaṃ pajahituṃ, tasmāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi ‘‘akusalaṃ bhikkhave pajahathā’’ti. Akusalañca hidaṃ bhikkhave pahīnaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvatteyya, nāhaṃ evaṃvadeyyaṃ ‘‘akusalaṃ bhikkhave pajahathā’’ti. Yasmā ca kho bhikkhave akusalaṃ pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati, tasmāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi ‘‘akusalaṃ bhikkhave pajahathā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——诸比丘，舍弃不善法吧！诸比丘，确实能够舍弃不善法。诸比丘，如果不能舍弃不善法，我就不会这样说：“诸比丘，舍弃不善法吧！”正因为诸比丘能够舍弃不善法，所以我才这样说：“诸比丘，舍弃不善法吧！”诸比丘，如果舍弃不善法会导致不利与痛苦，我就不会这样说：“诸比丘，舍弃不善法吧！”正因为诸比丘舍弃不善法会带来利益与安乐，所以我才这样说：“诸比丘，舍弃不善法吧！”尊者，世尊就是这样开示的。

Dasamasutta, ekādasamasutta

第十经、第十一经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.145] āvuso dasamaekādasamasuttāni bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

提问——贤友，世尊在那里是怎样讲述第十和第十一经的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante dasamaekādasamasuttāni ‘‘dveme bhikkhave dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame dve, dunnikkhittañca padabyañjanaṃ attho ca dunnīto, dunnikkhittassa bhikkhave padabyañjanassa atthopi dunnayo hoti. Ime kho bhikkhave dve dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattantī’’ti ca. ‘‘Dveme bhikkhave dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame dve, sunikkhittañca padabyañjanaṃ attho ca sunīto, sunikkhittassa bhikkhave padabyañjanassa atthopi sunayo hoti. Ime kho bhikkhave dve dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattantī’’ti ca. Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答复——尊者，在那里，第十和第十一经是这样说的：“诸比丘，有两种法会导致正法混淆和隐没。哪两种呢？就是错误的安立词句和错误的理解含义。诸比丘，如果词句被错误地安立，那么含义也会被错误地理解。诸比丘，这两种法确实会导致正法混淆和隐没。”又说：“诸比丘，有两种法会导致正法住立、不混淆和不隐没。哪两种呢？就是正确的安立词句和正确的理解含义。诸比丘，如果词句被正确地安立，那么含义也会被正确地理解。诸比丘，这两种法确实会导致正法住立、不混淆和不隐没。”尊者，世尊就是这样开示的。

Bālavagga

愚人品

Dutiyasutta

第二经

Pucchā – bālavagge [Pg.147] pana āvuso dutiyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，在愚人品中，世尊是如何宣说第二经的？

Vissajjanā – bālavagge bhante dutiyaṃ suttaṃ ‘‘dveme bhikkhave tathāgataṃ abbhācikkhanti. Katame dve, duṭṭho vā dosantaro saddho vā duggahitena. Ime kho bhikkhave dve tathāgataṃ abbhācikkhantī’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，在愚人品中，第二经由世尊如是宣说：“诸比丘，有两种人诽谤如来。是哪两种呢？心怀嗔恚而有恶意者，或有信心而错误执取者。诸比丘，此即两种诽谤如来者。”尊者，此乃世尊所说。

Tatiyasutta

第三经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.148] āvuso tatiyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，在那里，世尊是如何宣说第三经的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante tatiyasuttaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘dveme bhikkhave tathāgataṃ abbhācikkhanti. Katame dve, yo ca abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena ‘bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenā’ti dīpeti. Yo ca bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena ‘abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti’ [Pg.149] dīpeti. Ime kho bhikkhave dve tathāgataṃ abbhācikkhanti. Dveme bhikkhave tathāgataṃ nābbhācikkhanti. Katame dve, yo ca abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena ‘abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenā’ti dīpeti. Yo ca bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena ‘bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenā’ti dīpeti. Ime kho bhikkhave dve tathāgataṃ nābbhācikkhantī’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，在那里，第三经由世尊如是宣说：“诸比丘，有两种人诽谤如来。是哪两种呢？即把如来未说、未言者开示为‘如来所说、所言’，以及把如来已说、已言者开示为‘如来未说、未言’。诸比丘，此即两种诽谤如来者。诸比丘，有两种人不诽谤如来。是哪两种呢？即把如来未说、未言者开示为‘如来未说、未言’，以及把如来已说、已言者开示为‘如来所说、所言’。诸比丘，此即两种不诽谤如来者。”尊者，此乃世尊所说。

Catutthavagga, pañcamasutta

第四经与第五经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.150] āvuso catutthapañcamasuttāni bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

问——贤友，在那里，世尊是如何宣说第四经与第五经的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante catutthapañcamasuttāni ‘‘dveme bhikkhave tathāgataṃ abbhācikkhanti. Katame dve, yo ca neyyatthaṃ suttantaṃ ‘nītattho suttanto’ti [Pg.151] dīpeti, yo ca nītatthaṃ suttantaṃ ‘neyyattho suttanto’ti dīpetī’’ti, evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答——尊者，在那里，第四经与第五经由世尊以“诸比丘，有两种人诽谤如来。是哪两种呢？即把不了义经（neyyatthaṃ suttantaṃ）开示为了义经（nītattho suttanto），以及把了义经开示为不了义经者。”等文句宣说。

Samacittavagga, paṭhamasutta

等心品

Pucchā – samacittavagge [Pg.153] āvuso paṭhamasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，在等心品中，世尊是如何宣说第一经的？

Vissajjanā – samacittavagge bhante paṭhamasuttaṃ ‘‘asappurisabhūmiñca vo bhikkhave desessāmi sappurisabhūmiñca, taṃ suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasikarotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti, evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，在等心品中，第一经由世尊以“诸比丘，我将为你们宣说非善人地（asappurisabhūmi）与善人地（sappurisabhūmi）。你们当谛听，善作意，我将宣说。”等文句宣说。

Dutiyasutta

第二经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.156] āvuso dutiyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在那里所说的《第二经》是怎样说的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante dutiyasuttaṃ ‘‘dvinnāhaṃ bhikkhave na suppatikāra vadāmi. Katamesaṃ dvinnaṃ, mātu ca pitu cā’’ti, evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊在那里宣说了《第二经》：“诸比丘，我说有二者难以回报。是哪二者？母亲与父亲。”世尊是这样宣说的。

Samacittasutta

等心经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.157] āvuso pañcamaṃ samacittasuttaṃ kattha kassa kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，这第五《等心经》是在哪里、对谁、由谁、怎样说的？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ‘‘ajjhattasaṃyojanañca āvuso puggalaṃ desessāmi bahiddhāsaṃyojanañca, taṃsuṇātha

答：尊者，在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，对众多比丘说：“贤友们，我将为你们讲说内结人与外结人，你们且听。

Sādhukaṃ [Pg.158] manasikarothā’’ti, evamādinā bhante āyasmatā sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā bhāsitaṃ.

“善加作意。”尊者，如是等语，为法将具寿舍利弗长老所说。

Ovāda

教诫

Pucchā – kathañca [Pg.161] āvuso tattha bhagavā ovādaṃ adāsi.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是怎样给予教诫的？

Vissajjanā – tattha bhante bhagavā ‘‘tasmātiha sāriputta evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘santindriyā bhavissāma santamānasā’ti. Evañhi vo sāriputta sikkhitabba’’nti evamādinā ovādamadāsi.

答：尊者，世尊在那里以“是故，舍利弗，当如是学：‘我等将为诸根寂静者、意寂静者。’舍利弗，你们当如是学”等语而给予教诫。

‘‘Eso bhante āyasmā sāriputto pubbārāme migāramātupāsā de bhikkhūnaṃ ajjhattasaṃyojanañca puggalaṃ deseti bahiddhā saṃyojanañca’’ –

“尊者，这位具寿舍利弗在东园(Pubbārāma)鹿母讲堂(Migāramātupāsāde)，为诸比丘讲说内结人与外结人。”

Sādhu [Pg.162] bhante bhagavā yena āyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāya.

善哉，尊者！愿世尊出于慈愍，前往具寿舍利弗之处。

Tā kho pana sāriputta devatā dasapi hutvā vīsampi hutvā tiṃsampi hutvā cattālīsampi hutvā paññāsampi hutvā saṭṭhipi hutvā āraggakoṭinitudanamattepi tiṭṭhanti, na ca aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti–

舍利弗，那些天神，纵使有十位、二十位、三十位、四十位、五十位、六十位，站立于针尖大小之处，亦不互相妨碍。

Tasmātiha [Pg.163] sāriputta evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ santindriyā bhavissāma santamānasā.

是故，舍利弗，当如是学：“我等将为诸根寂静者、意寂静者。”

Parisavagga

众品

Uttānasutta

浅显经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.165] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye dukanipāte parisavagge paṭhamaṃ uttānasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，彼世尊……乃至……正等觉者，于《增支部》(Aṅguttaranikāya)《二集》(Dukanipāte)《众品》(Parisavagge)中，最初所说的《浅显经》是怎样说的？

Vissajjanā – paṭhamaṃ bhante uttānasuttaṃ ‘‘dvemā sikkhave parisā, katamā dve, uttānā ca parisā gambhīrā ca parisā, katamā ca bhikkhave uttānā parisā, idha bhikkhave yassaṃ parisāyaṃ bhikkhū uddhatā honti unnaḷā capalā mukharā vikiṇṇavācā muṭṭhassatī asampajānā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā pākatindriyā. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave uttānā parisā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，最初的《浅显经》中，世尊如是说：“诸比丘，有两种众。是哪两种？浅显之众与深奥之众。诸比丘，什么是浅显之众？诸比丘，于此，在某个众中，比丘们掉举、傲慢、轻浮、饶舌、言语散乱、失念、无正知、心无等持、心惑乱、诸根放逸。诸比丘，这被称为浅显之众。”世尊是这样宣说的。

Soparisattaka

具会七法

Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave imāsaṃ dvinnaṃ parisānaṃ yadidaṃ gambhīrā parisā.

诸比丘，在这两种集会中，深奥集会是其中最殊胜的。

Anaggavatīsutta

无火经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.167] āvuso tatiyaṃ anaggavatīsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第三《无火经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante tatiyaṃ anaggavatīsuttaṃ ‘‘dvemā bhikkhave parisā. Katamā dve, anaggavatī ca parisā aggavatī ca parisā. Katamā ca bhikkhave anaggavatī parisā, idha bhikkhave yassaṃ parisāyaṃ therā bhikkhū bāhulikā honti sāthalikā, okkamane pubbaṅgamā, paviveke nikkhittadhurā, na vīriyaṃ ārabhanti appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikabhassa sacchikiriyāyā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊在那里如此宣说第三《无火经》：“诸比丘，有两种集会。是哪两种呢？无火的集会和有火的集会。诸比丘，什么是无火的集会？诸比丘，于此，在某个集会中，长老比丘们生活奢侈、懈怠，带头退堕，放弃远离的责任，不为达到未达、通达未通达、作证未作证而发起精进。”世尊如此等宣说。

Okkācitavinītasutta

呵责调伏经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.170] āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ okkācitavinītasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第六《呵责调伏经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante chaṭṭhaṃ okkācitavinītasuttaṃ ‘‘dvemā bhikkhave parisā. Katamā dve, okkācitavinītā parisā no paṭipucchāvinītā, paṭipucchā vinītā parisā no okkācitavinītā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊在那里如此宣说第六《呵责调伏经》：“诸比丘，有两种集会。是哪两种呢？被呵责而调伏的集会，而非由诘问而调伏；由诘问而调伏的集会，而非被呵责而调伏。”世尊如此等宣说。

Puggalavagga

人品

Asantasannivāsasutta

与非善人共住经

Pucchā – puggalavagge [Pg.173] āvuso ekādasamaṃ asantasannivāsasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，在人品中，世尊是如何宣说第十一《与非善人共住经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – puggalavagge bhante ekādasamaṃ asantasannivāsasuttaṃ ‘‘asantasannivāsañca vo bhikkhave desessāmi santasannivāsañca, taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasikarotha bhāsissāmī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊在人品中如此宣说第十一《与非善人共住经》：“诸比丘，我将为你们宣说与非善人共住以及与善人共住，你们当谛听，善加作意，我将宣说。”世尊如此等宣说。

Sukhavagga

乐品

Pucchā – sukhavagge [Pg.176] pana āvuso bhagavatā kīdisī dhammadesanāyo desitā.

问：贤友，在乐品中，世尊宣说了怎样的法义呢？

Vissajjanā – sukhavagge bhante bhagavatā ‘‘dvemāni bhikkhave sukhāni. Katamāni dve, gihisukhañca pabbajitasukhañca, imāni kho bhikkhave dve sukhāni. Etadaggaṃ bhikkhave imesaṃ dvinnaṃ sukhānaṃ yadidaṃ pabbajitasukha’’nti evamādikā dhammadesanāyo desitā.

答：尊者，世尊在乐品中如此宣说：“诸比丘，有两种乐。是哪两种呢？在家之乐与出家之乐。诸比丘，这便是两种乐。诸比丘，在这两种乐之中，出家之乐最为殊胜。”世尊如此宣说了种种法义。

Āyācanavagga

祈请品

Pucchā – āyācanavagge [Pg.178] pana āvuso bhagavatā paṭhamādīni cattāri suttāni kathaṃ bhāsitāni.

问：贤友，在祈请品中，世尊最初的四部经是如何宣说的呢？

Vissajjanā – āyācanavagge bhante paṭhamādīni cattāri suttāni ‘‘saddho bhikkhave bhikkhu evaṃ sammā āyācamāno āyāceyya tādiso homi, yādisā sāriputtamoggallānā’’ti, evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitāni.

答：尊者，世尊在祈请品中如此宣说了最初的四部经：“诸比丘，有信心的比丘，若如理祈请，则应如此祈请：‘愿我成为像舍利弗、目犍连那样的人。’”

Avaṇṇārahasutta

应呵责经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.180] āvuso pañcamaṃ avaṇṇārahasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第五《应呵责经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante pañcamaṃ avaṇṇārahasuttaṃ ‘‘dvīhi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato bālo abyatto asappuriso etaṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavatī’’ti, evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊在那里如此宣说了第五《应呵责经》：“诸比丘，愚人、无能者、非善士，具足二法，便带着一个被毁伤的自己而行，他是有过失的，为智者所谴责，并产生许多非福。”

Appasādanīyasutta

不应生信经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.182] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye dukanipāte āyācanavagge chaṭṭhaṃ appasādanīyasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊、正自觉者于《增支部》二集《祈请品》中，是如何宣说第六《不应生信经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – chaṭṭhaṃ bhante appasādanīyasuttaṃ ‘‘dvīhi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato bālo abyatto asappuriso etaṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati. Katamehi dvīhi, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṃ upadaṃseti, ananuvicca apariyo gāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṃ upadaṃsetī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊如此宣说了第六《不应生信经》：“诸比丘，愚人、无能者、非善士，具足二法，便带着一个被毁伤的自己而行，他是有过失的，为智者所谴责，并产生许多非福。是哪二法呢？未经审察、未经辨别，于不应生信之处生起信心；未经审察、未经辨别，于应生信之处不生起信心。”

Mātāpitusutta

父母经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.184] āvuso sattamaṃ mātāpitusuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第七《父母经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante sattamaṃ mātāpitusuttaṃ ‘‘dvīsu bhikkhave micchā paṭipajjamāno bālo abyatto asappuriso etaṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hohi sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati. Katamesu dvīsu, mātari ca pitari cā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊在那里如此宣说了第七《父母经》：“诸比丘，愚人、无能者、非善士，于二者行邪行，便带着一个被毁伤的自己而行，他是有过失的，为智者所谴责，并产生许多非福。是于哪二者呢？于母亲与父亲。”

Tathāgatasutta

如来经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.185] āvuso aṭṭhamaṃ tathāgatasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，就在那里，第八《如来经》是世尊如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva [Pg.186] bhante aṭṭhamaṃ tathāgatasuttaṃ ‘‘dvīsu bhikkhave micchāpaṭipajjamāno bālo abyatto asappuriso etaṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati. Katamesu dvīsu, tathāgate ca tathāgatasāvake cā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，就在那里，第八《如来经》，世尊如此宣说：“诸比丘，愚人、无能者、非善士于二者行邪行，则带来自我伤害，他是有罪过的，为智者所呵责，且产生众多非福。于哪二者呢？于如来及如来弟子。”世尊以如是等语而说。

Tikanipāta

三集

Bālavagga, bhayasutta

愚人品，怖畏经

Pucchā – tikanipāte [Pg.189] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ bhayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kassa kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，于《三集》中，第一《怖畏经》是世尊在何处、对何人、如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahulānaṃ ‘‘yāni kānici bhikkhave bhayāni uppajjanti, sabbāni tāni bālato uppajjanti no paṇḍitato. Ye keci uppaddavā uppajjanti, sabbete bālato uppajjanti no paṇḍitato. Yekeci upasaggā uppajjanti, sabbete bālato uppajjanti no paṇḍitato’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，世尊对众多比丘如此宣说：“诸比丘，任何怖畏生起，皆从愚人生，不从智者生；任何灾祸生起，皆从愚人生，不从智者生；任何危难生起，皆从愚人生，不从智者生。”世尊以如是等语而说。

Cintīsutta

思虑经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.190] āvuso tatiyaṃ cintīsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，就在那里，第三《思虑经》是世尊如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante cintīsuttaṃ ‘‘tīṇimāni bhikkhave bālassa bālalakkhaṇāni [Pg.191] bālanimittāni bālāpadānāni. Katamāni tīṇi, idha bhikkhave bālo duccintitacintī ca hoti dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī cā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，就在那里，《思虑经》，世尊如此宣说：“诸比丘，此为愚人的三种愚相、愚兆、愚行。是哪三种呢？诸比丘，于此，愚人思惟恶思、言说恶说、造作恶作。”世尊以如是等语而说。

Accayasutta

过失经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.193] āvuso catutthaṃ accayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，就在那里，第四《过失经》是世尊如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante catutthaṃ accayasuttaṃ ‘‘tīhi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato bālo veditabbo. Katamehi tīhi, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ nappaṭikaroti, parassa kho pana accayaṃ desentassa yathādhammaṃ nappaṭiggaṇhātī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，就在那里，第四《过失经》，世尊如此宣说：“诸比丘，具足三法者，当知为愚人。是哪三法呢？见到过失后，不作如法悔改；又，当他人表白过失时，不作如法接受。”世尊以如是等语而说。

Malasutta

垢经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.195] āvuso dasamaṃ malasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第十部《垢经》的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante dasamaṃ malasuttaṃ ‘‘tīhi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato tayo male appahāya yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi tīhi, dussīlo ca hoti, dussīlyamalañcassa appahīnaṃ hoti. Issukī ca hoti, issāmalañcassa appahīnaṃ hoti. Maccharī ca hoti, maccharamalañcassa appahīnaṃ hotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，就在那里，世尊宣说了第十部《垢经》：“诸比丘，具足三种法，不舍弃三种垢，就会像被扔掉一样堕入地狱。是哪三种呢？他是破戒的，而且没有舍弃破戒的垢；他是嫉妒的，而且没有舍弃嫉妒的垢；他是悭吝的，而且没有舍弃悭吝的垢。”世尊是如此宣说的。

Rathakāravagga, ñātasutta

车匠品，知名经

Pucchā – rathakāravagge [Pg.197] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ ñātasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，在车匠品中，世尊是如何宣说第一部《知名经》的？

Vissajjanā – paṭhamaṃ bhante ñātasuttaṃ ‘‘tīhi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato ñāto bhikkhu bahujanaahitāya paṭipanno hoti bahujana dukkhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katamehi tīhi, ananulomike kāyakamme samādapeti, ananulomike vacīkamme samādapeti, ananulomikesu dhammesu samādapetī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，世尊宣说了第一部《知名经》：“诸比丘，具足三种法的知名比丘，是为了众多人的不利与痛苦，是为了天人大众的无益、不利与痛苦而行。是哪三种呢？劝导不顺应的身业，劝导不顺应的语业，劝导不顺应的法。”世尊是如此宣说的。

Āsaṃsasutta

希望经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.199] āvuso tatiyaṃ āsaṃsasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，就在那里，世尊是如何宣说第三部《希望经》的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante tatiyaṃ āsaṃsasuttaṃ ‘‘tayome bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo nirāso āsaṃso’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，就在那里，世尊宣说了第三部《希望经》：“诸比丘，世间存在这三种人。哪三种呢？绝望者、希望者……”世尊是如此宣说的。

Sacetanasutta

有思经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.203] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye tikanipāte rathakāravagge pañcamaṃ sacetanasuttaṃ kattha kassa kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，那位世尊、正等觉者在《增支部》三集中车匠品里，于何处、为谁、如何宣说第五部《有思经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – bārāṇasiyaṃ bhante sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ārabbha ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ bhikkhave rājā ahosi sacetano nāma, atha kho bhikkhave rājā sacetano rathakāraṃ āmantesi ito me samma rathakāra channaṃ māsānaṃ paccayena saṅgāmo bhavissati sakkhissasi me samma rathakāra navaṃ cakkayugaṃ kātu’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，在波罗奈城(Bārāṇasī)，世尊针对众多比丘宣说：“诸比丘，过去曾有位国王，名叫有思(Sacetana)。诸比丘，有思国王召见车匠说：‘贤友车匠，从现在起六个月后将爆发战争，你能够为我制作一副新的车轮吗？’”世尊是如此宣说的。

Apaṇṇakasutta

不谬经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.208] āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ apaṇṇakasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第六《不谬经》的？

Vissajjanā – chaṭṭhaṃ bhante apaṇṇakasuttaṃ ‘‘tīhi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu apaṇṇakapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Katamehi tīhi, idha bhikkhave bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti, bhojane mattaññū hoti, jāgariyamanuyutto hotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，第六《不谬经》：“诸比丘，具足三种法的比丘，就是行于不谬之道(apaṇṇakapaṭipadā)，并且已奠定根基，能灭尽诸漏。是哪三种呢？诸比丘，在此，比丘守护根门，于食知量，勤于觉醒。”世尊是这样宣说的。

Devalokasutta

天界经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.210] āvuso aṭṭhamaṃ devalokasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第八《天界经》的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante aṭṭhamaṃ devalokasuttaṃ ‘‘sace vo bhikkhave aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ ‘‘devalokūpapattiyā āvuso samaṇe gotame brahmacariyaṃ vussathā’ti. Nanu tumhe bhikkhave [Pg.211] evaṃ puṭṭhā aṭṭīyeyyātha harāyeyyātha jiguccheyyāthā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，第八《天界经》就在那里：“诸比丘，如果有其他外道游行者这样问你们：‘贤友，你们在沙门乔达摩这里修梵行，是为了往生天界吗？’诸比丘，如果你们被这样问，难道不会感到苦恼、惭愧和厌恶吗？”世尊是这样宣说的。

Paṭhama pāpaṇikasutta

初商贾经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.212] āvuso navamaṃ paṭhamapāpaṇikasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第九《初商贾经》的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante navamaṃ paṭhamapāpaṇikasuttaṃ ‘‘tīhi bhikkhave aṅgehi samannāgato pāpaṇiko abhabbo anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigantuṃ, adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Katamehi tīhi, idha bhikkhave pāpaṇiko pubbaṇhasamayaṃ na sakkaccaṃ kammantaṃ adhiṭṭhātī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，第九《初商贾经》就在那里：“诸比丘，具足三法的商贾，不能获得未获得的财富，也不能使已获得的财富增长。是哪三法呢？诸比丘，在此，商贾在上午不认真从事工作。”世尊是这样宣说的。

Puggalavagga

人品

Gilānasutta

病者经

Pucchā – puggalavagge [Pg.215] pana āvuso dutiyaṃ gilānasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，在人品(Puggalavagga)中，世尊是如何宣说第二《病者经》的？

Vissajjanā – puggalavagge bhante dutiyaṃ gilānasuttaṃ ‘‘tayome bhikkhave gilānā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo, idha bhikkhave ekacco gilāno labhanto vā sappāyāni bhojanāni alabhanto vā sappāyāni bhojanāni, labhanto vā sappāyāni bhesajjāni alabhanto vā sappāyāni bhesajjāni, labhanto vā patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ alabhanto vā patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ vuṭṭhāti tamhā ābādhā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，在人品中，世尊以“诸比丘，世间存在此三种病者。是哪三种呢？诸比丘，在此，有一种病者，无论得到或得不到适宜的食物，得到或得不到适宜的医药，得到或得不到合适的照料者，都能从疾病中痊愈。”等文句宣说了第二《病者经》。

Bahukārasutta

多所饶益经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.217] āvuso catutthaṃ bahukārasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第四《多所饶益经》的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva [Pg.218] bhante catutthaṃ bahukārasuttaṃ ‘‘tayo me bhikkhave puggalā puggalassa bahukārā. Katame tayo, yaṃ bhikkhave puggalaṃ āgamma puggalo buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti. Ayaṃ bhikkhave puggalo imassa puggalassa bahukāro’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，世尊在那里如此宣说第四《多所饶益经》：“诸比丘，有三种人对另一人多所饶益。是哪三种呢？诸比丘，由于某人的缘故，另一人归依佛、归依法、归依僧。诸比丘，此人对彼人多所饶益。”此经由世尊以如是等语宣说。

Jigucchitabbasutta

应厌恶经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.220] bhagavatā jānatā passatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye tikanipāte puggalavagge sattamaṃ jigucchitabbasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，那位知者、见者、世尊、正等觉者，在《增支部·三集·人品》中是如何宣说第七《应厌恶经》的？

Vissajjanā – sattamaṃ bhante jigucchitabbasuttaṃ ‘‘tayome bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo, atthi bhikkhave puggalo jigucchitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo, atthi bhikkhave puggalo ajjhupekkhitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo, atthi bhikkhave puggalo sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，世尊如此宣说第七《应厌恶经》：“诸比丘，世间存在此三种人。是哪三种呢？诸比丘，有一种人应被厌恶，不应亲近、不应交往、不应侍奉；诸比丘，有一种人应被舍置，不应亲近、不应交往、不应侍奉；诸比丘，有一种人应被亲近、应交往、应侍奉。”

Pucchā – kathañcāvuso [Pg.221] tattha bhagavatā jigucchitabbo puggalo nasevitabbo nabhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo pakāsito.

提问——贤友，世尊在此如何宣说应被厌恶、不应亲近、不应交往、不应侍奉的人？

Vissajjanā – ‘‘katamo ca bhikkhave puggalo jigucchitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo. Idha bhikkhave ekacco dussīlo hoti pāpadhammo asucisaṅkassarasamācāro paṭicchannakammanto assamaṇo samaṇapaṭiñño abrahmacārī brahmacāripaṭiñño antopūti avassuto kasambujāto, evarūpo bhikkhave puggalo jigucchitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā jigucchitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo puggalo pakāsito.

答复——“诸比丘，什么样的人应被厌恶，不应亲近、不应交往、不应侍奉呢？诸比丘，在此，有人恶戒、具恶法、行不净、行为可疑、行为隐秘、非沙门而自称沙门、非梵行者而自称梵行者、内心腐烂、欲漏未尽、如垃圾般。诸比丘，这样的人应被厌恶，不应亲近、不应交往、不应侍奉。”尊者，世尊如此宣说了应被厌恶、不应亲近、不应交往、不应侍奉的人。

Pucchā – kathaṃ [Pg.223] panāvuso tattha bhagavatā ajjhupekkhitabbo puggalo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo pakāsito.

提问——贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说应被舍置、不应亲近、不应交往、不应侍奉的人的？

Vissajjanā – katamo ca bhikkhave puggalo ajjhupekkhitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo, idha bhikkhave ekacco puggalo kodhano hoti upāyāsabahulo, appampi vutto samāno abhisajjati kuppati byāpajjati patitthīyati, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukarotī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā tattha ajjhupekkhitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo puggalo pakāsito.

答复——“诸比丘，什么样的人应被舍置，不应亲近、不应交往、不应侍奉呢？诸比丘，在此，有人易怒、多恼，稍被言说，即感冒犯、忿怒、嗔恨、顽固，并显露其愤怒、憎恨与不悦。”尊者，世尊如此宣说了在那里应被舍置、不应亲近、不应交往、不应侍奉的人。

Pucchā – kathaṃ [Pg.224] panāvuso tattha bhagavatā sevitabbo puggalo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo pakāsito.

提问——贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说应亲近、应交往、应侍奉的人的？

Vissajjanā – ‘‘katamo ca bhikkhave puggalo sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo, idha bhikkhave ekacco puggalo sīlavā hoti kalyāṇadhammo, evarūpo bhikkhave puggalo sevitabbo bhajitabbo [Pg.225] payirupāsitabbo’’ti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā sevitabbo puggalo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo pakāsito.

答复——“诸比丘，什么样的人应亲近、交往与侍奉呢？诸比丘，在此，有人持戒，具足善法。诸比丘，这样的人应亲近、交往与侍奉。”尊者，世尊如此宣说了在那里应亲近、交往与侍奉的人。

Gūthabhāṇīsutta

粪语经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.226] āvuso puggalavagge aṭṭhamaṃ gūthabhāṇīsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在那《人品》的第八《粪语经》中是如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante puggalavagge aṭṭhamaṃ gūthabhāṇīsuttaṃ ‘‘tayo me bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo, gūthabhāṇī pupphabhāṇī madhubhāṇī’’ti evaṃ kho bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊在那《人品》的第八《粪语经》中如此宣说：“诸比丘，世间有三种人存在。哪三种呢？粪语者、花语者、蜜语者。”

Gūthabhāṇīpuggala

粪语之人

Pucchā – kathañcāvuso [Pg.227] tattha bhagavatā gūthabhāṇīpuggalo pakāsito.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何阐明粪语之人的？

Vissajjanā – katamo ca bhikkhave puggalo gūthabhāṇī, idha bhikkhave ekacco puggalo sabhaggato vā parisaggato vā ñātimajjhagatovā pūgamajjhagatovā rājakulamajjhagatovā abhinīto sakkhipuṭṭho ‘‘ehambho purisa yaṃ jānāsi, taṃ vadehī’’ti. So ajānaṃ vā āha ‘‘jānāmī’’ti, jānaṃ vā āha ‘‘na jānāmī’’ti, apassaṃ vā āha ‘‘passāmī’’ti, passaṃ vā āha ‘‘na passāmī’’ti. Iti attahetu vā parahetu vā āmisakiñcikkhahetu vā sampajānamusā bhāsitā hoti. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave puggalo gūthabhāṇīti, evaṃ kho bhante tattha bhagavatā gūthabhāṇīpuggalo pakāsito.

答：诸比丘，何种人是粪语者？诸比丘，于此，某人前往集会、团体、亲族、社团或王族中，被带去作证，被询问：“来，善人，你所知道的，就说出来。”他不知道却说“我知道”，知道却说“我不知道”；没看见却说“我看见”，看见却说“我没看见”。如此，为了自己、为了他人或为了些微的利益，明知故犯地说妄语。诸比丘，此人被称为粪语者。尊者，世尊就是这样阐明粪语之人的。

Pupphabhāṇīpuggala

花语之人

Pucchā – kathaṃ [Pg.228] panāvuso tattha bhagavatā pupphabhāṇīpuggalo pakāsito.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何阐明花语之人的？

Vissajjanā – katamo ca bhikkhave puggalo pupphabhāṇī, idha bhikkhave ekacco puggalo sabhaggato vā parisaggato vā ñātimajjhagato vā pūgamajjhagatovā rājakulamajjhagato vā abhinīto sakkhipuṭṭho ‘‘ehambho purisa yaṃ pajānāsi, taṃ vadehī’’ti. So ajānaṃ vā āha ‘‘na jānāmī’’ti, jānaṃ vā āha ‘‘jānāmī’’ti, apassaṃ vā āha ‘‘na passāmī’’ti, passaṃ vā āha ‘‘passāmī’’ti, iti attahetu vā parahetu vā āmisakiñcikkhahetu vā na sampajānamusā bhāsitā hoti, ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave puggalo pupphabhāṇīti, evaṃ kho bhante tattha bhagavatā pupphabhāṇīpuggalo pakāsito.

答：诸比丘，何种人是花语者？诸比丘，于此，某人前往集会、团体、亲族、社团或王族中，被带去作证，被询问：“来，善人，你所知道的，就说出来。”他不知道就说“我不知道”，知道就说“我知道”；没看见就说“我没看见”，看见就说“我看见”。如此，他不会为了自己、为了他人或为了些微的利益而明知故犯地说妄语。诸比丘，此人被称为花语者。尊者，世尊就是这样阐明花语之人的。

Madhubhāṇīpuggala

蜜语之人

Pucchā – kathaṃ [Pg.229] panāvuso tattha bhagavatā madhubhāṇī puggalo pakāsito.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何阐明蜜语之人的？

Vissajjanā – katamo ca bhikkhave puggalo madhubhāṇī, idha bhikkhave ekacco puggalo pharusaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato

答：诸比丘，何种人是蜜语之人？诸比丘，于此，有某人舍弃粗恶语，远离粗恶语。

Hotīti [Pg.230] evamādinā bhante bhagavatā tattha madhubhāṇī puggalo pakāsito.

尊者，世尊即是以如是等语，在此阐明了蜜语之人。

Andhasutta

盲经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.231] āvuso puggalavagge navamaṃ andhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在那《人品》的第九《盲经》中是如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante puggalavagge navamaṃ andhasuttaṃ ‘‘tayome bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo andho ekacakkhu dvicakkhū’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，世尊在那《人品》的第九《盲经》中如此宣说：“诸比丘，世间有这三种人存在。哪三种呢？盲者、独眼者、双眼者。”

Pucchā – kīdiso āvuso puggalo tattha bhagavatā andho akkhāto.

问：贤友，世尊在那里所说的盲者是怎样的人呢？

Vissajjanā – yassa bhante bhogesu ceva dhammesu ca paññācakkhu natthi, ediso bhante puggalo tattha bhagavatā andho akkhāto.

答：尊者，若有人于财富和法都没有智慧之眼，尊者，世尊称这样的人为盲者。

Pucchā – kīdiso [Pg.232] pana āvuso puggalo tattha bhagavatā ekacakkhu akkhāto.

问：贤友，世尊在那里所说的独眼者是指怎样的人呢？

Vissajjanā – yassa bhante bhogesuyeva paññācakkhu atthi na dhammesu. Īdiso bhante puggalo tattha bhagavatā ekacakkhu akkhāto.

答：尊者，若有人仅有财富上的智慧之眼，而无法上的智慧之眼，尊者，世尊称这样的人为独眼者。

Pucchā – kīdiso [Pg.233] pana āvuso puggalo tattha bhagavatā dvicakkhu akkhāto.

问：贤友，那么世尊在那里所说的双眼者是怎样的人呢？

Vissajjanā – yassa bhante bhogesu ceva dhammesu ca paññācakkhu atthi, īdiso bhante puggalo tattha bhagavatā dvicakkhu akkhāto.

答：尊者，若有人于财富和法都具有智慧之眼，尊者，世尊称这样的人为双眼者。

Avakujjasutta

覆钵经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.234] bhagavatā jānatā passatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye tikanipāte puggalavagge dasamaṃ avakujjasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，那位知者、见者……乃至……正等觉者的世尊，在《增支部》三集《人品》的第十《覆钵经》中是如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – dasamaṃ bhante avakujjasuttaṃ ‘‘tayo me bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo, avakujjapañño puggalo ucchaṅgapañño puggalo puthupañño puggalo. Katamo ca bhikkhave avakujjapañño puggalo. Idha bhikkhave ekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavanāya, tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desentiādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ [Pg.235] brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya nevādiṃ manasikaroti, na majjhaṃ manasikaroti, na pariyosānaṃ manasikaroti, vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya nevādiṃ manasikaroti, na majjhaṃ manasikaroti, na pariyosānaṃ manasikarotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，关于第十《覆钵经》，世尊是以如下等文句宣说的：“诸比丘，世间有三种人存在。哪三种呢？覆钵慧之人、怀抱慧之人、广慧之人。诸比丘，何种人是覆钵慧之人？诸比丘，于此，有某人常去僧园，到比丘们跟前听闻正法。比丘们为他宣说初善、中善、后善，义妙文妙之法，开示完全圆满、遍净的梵行。他坐在那个座位上时，对那说法，既不作意其开端，不作意其中间，也不作意其结尾；从那个座位起身之后，对那说法，也既不作意其开端，不作意其中间，也不作意其结尾。”

Devadūtavagga, sabrahmakasutta

天使品·俱梵天经

Pucchā – devadūtavagge [Pg.239] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ sabrahmakasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

请问，贤友，在天使品中，世尊最初是如何宣说《俱梵天经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – devadūtavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ sabrahmakasuttaṃ ‘‘sabrahmakāni bhikkhave tāni kulāni, yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. Sapubbacariyakāni bhikkhave tāni kulāni, yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. Āhuneyyāni bhikkhave tāni kulāni, yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. Brahmāti bhikkhave mātāpitūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Pubbācariyāti bhikkhave mātāpitūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Āhuneyyāti bhikkhave etaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu, bahukārā bhikkhave mātāpitaro puttānaṃ āpādakā posakā imassa lokassa dassetāro’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

回答——尊者，在天使品中，第一部《俱梵天经》是这样说的：“诸比丘，那些子女在家中恭敬父母的家庭，是与梵天同住的家庭。诸比丘，那些子女在家中恭敬父母的家庭，是有初师的家庭。诸比丘，那些子女在家中恭敬父母的家庭，是应被供养的家庭。诸比丘，‘梵天’，这是父母的同义词。诸比丘，‘初师’，这是父母的同义词。诸比丘，‘应供养者’，这是父母的同义词。此为何因？诸比丘，父母对子女多所资助，是其生养者、抚养者，是此世间的开示者。”尊者，世尊是这样说的。

Brahmāti [Pg.241] mātāpitaro, pubbācariyāti vuccare;

Āhuneyyā ca puttānaṃ, pajāya anukampakā;

Tasmā hi ne namasseyya, sakkareyya ca paṇḍito;

Annena atha pānena, vatthena sayanena ca;

Ucchādanena nhāpanena, pādānaṃ dhovanena ca;

Tāya naṃ pāricariyāya, mātāpitūsu paṇḍitā.

父母名为梵天，亦称作初师；怜悯其后代，应受子女供养。是故智者应礼敬、恭敬他们；以食物、饮料、衣服、卧具，以涂油、沐浴、为之洗足；智者以此奉事父母。

Idheva naṃ pasaṃsanti, pecca sagge pamodatīti –

他于今生受人称赞，死后于天界欢喜。

Pucchā – tattheva āvuso pañcamaṃ hatthakasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

请问，贤友，在那里，世尊是如何宣说第五《手经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – pañcamaṃ bhante hatthakasuttaṃ āḷaviyaṃ hatthakaṃ āḷavakaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Hatthako bhante āḷavako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘kacci bhante bhagavā sukhamasayitthā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘evaṃ kumāra sukhamasayittha ye ca pana loke sukhaṃ senti, ahaṃ tesaṃ aññataro’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

回答——尊者，第五《手经》是世尊在阿拉威(Āḷavī)针对阿拉威人手(Hatthaka Āḷavaka)所说。尊者，阿拉威人手对世尊说了这番话：“尊者，世尊睡得安稳吗？”尊者，关于此事，世尊这样说：“是的，年轻人，我睡得安稳。世间睡得安稳的人，我是其中之一。”尊者，世尊就是这样说的。

‘‘Kacci [Pg.242] bhante bhagavā sukhamasayittha’’.

“尊者，世尊睡得安稳吗？”

‘‘Evaṃ kumāra sukhamasayittha, ye ca pana loke sukhaṃ senti, ahaṃ tesaṃ aññataro’’.

“是的，年轻人，我睡得安稳。世间睡得安稳的人，我是其中之一。”

‘‘Evaṃ [Pg.244] kumāra sukhamasayittha, ye ca pana loke sukhaṃ senti, ahaṃ tesaṃ aññataro’’.

“是的，年轻人，我睡得安稳。世间睡得安稳的人，我是其中之一。”

‘‘Sabbadā [Pg.247] ve sukhaṃ seti,Brāhmaṇo parinibbuto;

Yo na limpati kāmesu,Sītibhūto nirūpadhi;

已般涅槃的婆罗门，恒常安稳地睡眠；他不执着于诸欲，清凉无所依。

Sabbā āsattiyo chetvā,Vineyya hadaye daraṃ;

Upasanto sukhaṃ seti;

Santiṃ pappuyya cetaso’’ hu –

斩断一切执着，调伏心中忧惧；寂静者安稳地睡眠，内心已得寂止。

Devadūtasutta

天使经

Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye tikanipāte devadūtavagge chaṭṭhaṃ devadūtasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，那位世尊……乃至……正自觉者，在《增支部·三集·天使品》中如何宣说第六《天使经》？

Vissajjanā – chaṭṭhaṃ [Pg.248] bhante devadūtasuttaṃ ‘‘tīṇimāni bhikkhave devadūtāni. Katamāni tīṇi, idha bhikkhave ekacco kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, manasā duccaritaṃ carati. So kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhave nirayapālā nānābāhāsu gahetvā yamassa rañño dassenti-ayaṃ deva puriso amatteyyo apetteyyo asāmañño abrahmañño, na kule jeṭṭhapacāyī, imassa devo daṇḍaṃ paṇetū’’ti. Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，第六《天使经》是这样被世尊宣说的：“诸比丘，有这三种天使。是哪三种呢？诸比丘，在此，有人身行恶行，语行恶行，意行恶行。他身行恶行，语行恶行，意行恶行后，身坏命终，投生到恶趣、恶道、堕处、地狱。诸比丘，地狱的看守们抓住他的四肢，带到阎摩王面前说：‘大王，此人不孝母，不孝父，不敬沙门，不敬婆罗门，在家族中不敬年长者，请大王对他处以刑罚！’”

Pucchā – kathañcāvuso [Pg.251] tattha bhagavatā yamassa rañño paṭhamadevadūta samanuyuñjanā pakāsitā.

问——贤友，世尊如何开示阎摩王对第一位天使的审问？

Vissajjanā – tamenaṃ bhikkhave yamo rājā paṭhamaṃ devadūtaṃ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati ‘‘ambho purisa na tvaṃ addasa manussesu paṭhamaṃ devadūtaṃ pātubhūta’’nti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā yamassa rañño paṭhamadevadūtasamanuyuñjanā pakāsitā.

答——尊者，世尊是这样开示阎摩王对第一位天使的审问的：“诸比丘，阎摩王审问、查究、讯问那个人：‘喂，你这人，你难道没在人间看见第一个出现的天使吗？’”等等。

‘‘Ambho purisa na tvaṃ addasa manussesu paṭhamaṃ devadūtaṃ pātubhūtaṃ’’.

“喂，你这人，你难道没在人间看见第一个出现的天使吗？”

Dutiya devadūta

第二天使

Pucchā – kathaṃ [Pg.252] panāvuso tattha bhagavatā yamassa rañño dutiyadevadūta samanuyuñjanā pakāsitā.

问——贤友，世尊又如何开示阎摩王对第二位天使的审问？

Vissajjanā – tamenaṃ bhikkhave yamo rājā paṭhamaṃ devadūtaṃ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā dutiyaṃ devadūtaṃ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati ‘‘ambho purisa na tvaṃ addasa manussesu dutiyaṃ devadūtaṃ pātubhūta’’nti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā yamassa rañño dutiyā devadūtasamanuyuñjanā pakāsitā.

答——尊者，世尊是这样开示阎摩王对第二位天使的审问的：“诸比丘，阎摩王审问、查究、讯问了关于第一位天使后，再审问、查究、讯问关于第二位天使：‘喂，你这人，你难道没在人间看见第二个出现的天使吗？’”等等。

‘‘Ambho [Pg.255] purisa na tvaṃ addasa manussesu dutiya devadūtaṃ pātubhūtaṃ’’.

“喂，你这人，你难道没在人间看见第二个出现的天使吗？”

‘‘Ambho purisa na tvaṃ addasa manussesu itthīṃ vā purisaṃ vā ābādhikaṃ dukkhitaṃ bāḷhagilānaṃ sake muttakarīse palipannaṃ semānaṃ aññehi vuṭṭhāpiyamānaṃ aññehi saṃvesiyamānaṃ’’ –

“喂，你这人，你难道没在人间见过女人或男人，身患疾病，痛苦不堪，病情沉重，在自己的大小便中倒卧，被人扶起，被人扶着躺下吗？”

Tatiya devadūta

第三天使

Pucchā – kathaṃ [Pg.256] panāvuso tattha bhagavatā yamassa rañño tatiyadevadūta samanuyuñjanā pakāsitā.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何阐明阎摩王对第三天使的质问的？

Vissajjanā – tamenaṃ bhikkhave yamo rājā dutiyaṃ devadūtaṃ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā tatiyaṃ devadūtaṃ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati ‘‘ambho purisa natvaṃ manussesu tatiyaṃ devadūtaṃ pātubhūtanti’’ evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā yamassa rañño tatiyā devadūtasamanuyuñjanā pakāsitā.

答：诸比丘，阎摩王在就第二天使之事质问、详询、善告之后，又就第三天使之事质问、详询、善告道：“喂，你这人！难道你在人间没有看见第三天使显现吗？”大德，世尊在那里就是以如此等等方式，开示了阎摩王对第三天使的质问。

‘‘Ambho purisa na tvaṃ addasa manussesu tatiyaṃ devadūtaṃ pātubhūtaṃ’’.

“喂，你这人！你难道没有看见在人间出现的第三天使吗？”

‘‘Ambho [Pg.257] purisa na tvaṃ addasa manussesu itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā ekāhamataṃ vā dvīhamataṃ vā tīhamataṃ vā uddhumātakaṃ vinīlakaṃ vipubbakajātaṃ’’ –

“喂，你这人啊，你难道没见过人间死去一天、两天或三天的女人或男人，其尸体肿胀、青瘀、腐烂流脓吗？”

‘‘Nāsakkhissaṃ bhante pamādassaṃ bhante’’ –

“我没能，大德。我放逸了，大德。”

Pucchā – kathaṃ [Pg.258] panāvuso tattha bhagavatā nerayikassa sattassa niraya dukkhapaṭisaṃvedanā pakāsitā.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何开示地狱有情感受地狱之苦的呢？

Vissajjanā – tamenaṃ bhikkhave ‘‘yamo rājā tatiyaṃ devadūtaṃ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā tuṇhī hoti. Tamenaṃ bhikkhave nirayapālā pañcavidhabandhanaṃ nāma kāraṇaṃ karonti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ hatthe gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ dutiyasmiṃ hatthe gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ pāde gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ dutiyasmiṃ pāde gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ majjheurasmiṃ gamenti. So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayati, na ca tāva kālaṃ karoti, yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhotī’’ti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā nerayikassa nirayadukkhapaṭisaṃvedanā pakāsitā.

答：诸比丘，阎摩王在就第三天使之事质问、详询、善告之后，便沉默不语。诸比丘，狱卒们对他施以名为“五花绑”的酷刑：将烧红的铁桩钉入一只手，将烧红的铁桩钉入第二只手，将烧红的铁桩钉入一只脚，将烧红的铁桩钉入第二只脚，将烧红的铁桩钉入胸口中央。他在那里感受着痛苦、剧烈、粗厉、苦楚的感受，但只要那恶业尚未穷尽，他就不会死去。大德，世尊在那里就是以如此等等方式，开示了地狱有情感受地狱之苦。

Saṃvejanīyakathā

警策之语

Pucchā – kathaṃ [Pg.261] panāvuso tattha bhagavatā saṃvejanīyakathā kathitā.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说警策之语的呢？

Vissajjanā – bhūtapubbaṃ bhikkhave yamassa rañño etadahosi ‘‘ye kira bho loke pāpakāni kammāni karonti, te evarūpā vividhā kammakaraṇā karīyanti, ahovatāhaṃ manussattaṃ labheyyaṃ, tathāgato ca loke uppajjeyya arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’ti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā saṃvejanīyakathā kathitā.

答：诸比丘，过去阎摩王曾这样想：“唉！在世间造作恶业的人，竟会遭受如此种种的刑罚。但愿我能获得人身，而如来、阿罗汉、正等觉者出现于世！”大德，世尊在那里就是以如此等等方式宣说了警策之语。

‘‘Ye [Pg.262] kira bho loke pāpakāni kammāni karonti’’.

“唉！在世间造作恶业的人们啊！”

‘‘Coditā [Pg.263] devadūtehi, ye pamajjanti māṇavā;

Te dīgharattaṃ socanti, hīnakāyūpagā narā.

天使所警策，世人仍放逸，长夜陷忧悲，投生卑劣身。

Ye ca kho devadūtehi, santo sappurisā idha;

Coditā na pamajjanti, ariyadhamme kudācanaṃ.

于此善贤士，为天使警策，于圣法之中，从不稍放逸。

Upādāne bhayaṃ disvā, jātimaraṇasambhave;

Anupādā vimuccanti, jātimaraṇasaṅkhaye.

见取为怖畏，生死之根源，无取则解脱，灭尽生与死。

Te appamattā sukhino, diṭṭhadhammābhinibbutā;

Sabbaverabhayātītā, sabbadukkhaṃ upaccaguṃ’’ hu –

彼等不放逸，安乐住于此，现法得寂灭，超越诸怨惧，一切苦已息。

Catumahārājasutta

四大王经

Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye tikanipāte devadūtavagge aṭṭhamaṃ catumahārājasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊……乃至……正自觉者于《增支部·三集·天使品》中，是如何宣说第八《四大王经》的？

Vissajjanā – aṭṭhamaṃ bhante catumahārājasuttaṃ ‘‘aṭṭhamiyaṃ bhikkhave pakkhassa catunnaṃ mahārājānaṃ amaccā pārisajjā imaṃ lokaṃ anuvicaranti kacci bahū manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhapacāyino, uposathaṃ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti, puññāni karontī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，第八《四大王经》是世尊如此宣说的，其开篇为：“诸比丘，于半月之第八日，四大天王之大臣、眷属巡行此世间，[察看]‘世间人中，是否有多人孝敬父母、恭敬沙门与婆罗门、于家中尊敬长辈、守持布萨、保持觉醒、行诸福德？’”

Appakā [Pg.265] kho mārisā manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhapacāyino, uposathaṃ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti, puññāni karonti.

贤友们，世间人中，孝敬父母、恭敬沙门与婆罗门、于家中尊敬长辈、守持布萨、保持觉醒、行诸福德者，实为稀少。

‘‘Dibbā [Pg.266] vata bho kāyā parihāyissanti, paripūrissanti asura kāyā’’ –

“诸位，天众之身必将衰损，阿修罗众之身必将充满。”

Bahū kho mārisā manussā manussesu matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhapacāyino, uposathaṃ upavasanti paṭijāgaronti, puññāni karonti.

贤友们，世间人中，孝敬父母、恭敬沙门与婆罗门、于家中尊敬长辈、守持布萨、保持觉醒、行诸福德者，确实众多。

‘‘Dibbā [Pg.267] vata bho kāyā paripūrissanti, parihāyissanti asura kāyā’’ –

“诸位，天众之身必将充满，阿修罗众之身必将衰损。”

Ādhipateyyāsutta

增上经

Pucchā – tattheva āvuso dasamaṃ ādhipateyyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，于彼处，世尊是如何宣说第十《增上经》的？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante dasamaṃ ādhipateyyasuttaṃ ‘‘tīṇimāni bhikkhave ādhipateyyāni. Katamāni tīṇi, attādhipateyyaṃ lokādhipateyyaṃ dhammādhipateyyaṃ. Katamañca bhikkhave attādhipateyyaṃ, idha bhikkhave bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā iti paṭisañcikkhatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，于彼处，第十《增上经》是世尊如此宣说的，其开篇为：“诸比丘，有此三增上。是哪三者？自增上、世间增上、法增上。诸比丘，何为自增上？诸比丘，于此，比丘或往林中，或往树下，或往空屋，如是省察……”

Brāhmaṇavagga, paribbājakasutta

婆罗门品，遍行者经

Pucchā – brāhmaṇavagge [Pg.272] āvuso catutthaṃ paribbājakasuttaṃ bhagavatā kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，于婆罗门品中，世尊是缘于谁，于何事，以及如何宣说第四《遍行者经》的？

Vissajjanā – brāhmaṇavagge bhante catutthaṃ paribbājakasuttaṃ aññataraṃ brāhmaṇa paribbājakaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Aññataro bhante brāhmaṇaparibbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘sanniṭṭhiko dhammo sandiṭṭhiko dhammoti bho gotama vuccati, kittāvatānu kho bho gotama sandiṭṭhiko dhammo hoti akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘ratto kho brāhmaṇa rāgena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhaya byābādhāyapi ceteti, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, rāge pahīne nevattabyābādhāyapi ceteti, naparabyābādhāyapi ceteti, naubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, nacetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedetī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，于婆罗门品中，第四《遍行者经》是缘于某位婆罗门遍行者而宣说的。尊者，某位婆罗门遍行者对世尊说此言：“贤者乔达摩，人们说‘法是现见的，法是现见的’，那么，贤者乔达摩，法在何种程度上是现见的、无时的、来见的、能引导的、智者们各别自知的呢？”尊者，关于此事，世尊如是说：“婆罗门，为贪所染、被贪所胜、心被占据者，思惟自害，亦思惟他害，亦思惟俱害，感受心之苦、忧。贪断时，则不思惟自害，不思惟他害，亦不思惟俱害，不感受心之苦、忧。”

Vacchagottasutta

瓦差种经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.275] āvuso sattamaṃ vacchagottasuttaṃ bhagavatā kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在此，第七《瓦差种经》是针对谁、关于什么事、以什么方式宣说的呢？

Vissajjanā – sattamaṃ bhante vacchagottasuttaṃ vacchagottaṃ paribbājakaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Vacchagotto bhante paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ bho gotama samaṇo gotamo evamāha ‘‘mayhameva dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, nāññesaṃ dānaṃ dātabba. (Peyyāla) anabbhakkhā tukāmāhi mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotama’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘ye te vaccha evamāhaṃsu samaṇo gotamo evamāha mayhameva dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, nāññesaṃ dātabba’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，第七《瓦差种经》是针对游方者瓦差种所说。尊者，游方者瓦差种对世尊说了这些：“乔达摩尊者，我听闻沙门乔达摩这样说：‘只应布施给我，不应布施给他人。’（省略）我们不愿诬谤乔达摩尊者。”尊者，关于此事，世尊以“瓦差，那些对你这样说‘沙门乔达摩这样说：只应布施给我，不应布施给他人’……”等语宣说。

Saṅgāravasutta

桑伽罗瓦经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.278] āvuso dasamaṃ saṅgāravasuttaṃ bhagavatā kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，就在那里，世尊针对谁、关于什么事、以什么方式宣说了第十《桑伽罗瓦经》？

Vissajjanā – dasamaṃ [Pg.279] bhante saṅgāravasuttaṃ saṅgāravaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Saṅgāravo bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘mayamassu bho gotama brāhmaṇā nāma yaññaṃ yajāmapi yajāpemapi, tatra bho gotama yo ceva yajati yo ca yajāpeti, sabbe te anekasārīrikaṃ puññappaṭipadaṃ paṭipannā honti, yadidaṃ yaññādhikaraṇaṃ, yopanāyaṃ bho gotama yassa vā kulā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito ekamattānaṃ dameti, ekamattānaṃ sameti, ekamattānaṃ parinibbāpeti, evamassāyaṃ ekasārīrikaṃ puññappaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yadidaṃ pabbajjādhikaraṇa’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘tenahi brāhmaṇa taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，第十《桑伽罗瓦经》是针对婆罗门桑伽罗瓦所说。尊者，婆罗门桑伽罗瓦对世尊这样说：“乔达摩尊者，我们婆罗门，自己举行祭祀，也让他人举行祭祀。乔达摩尊者，在此，无论是自己举行祭祀者，还是让他人举行祭祀者，他们都行持着涉及多人的功德行，此即因于祭祀。然而，乔达摩尊者，若有人从某家出家，过无家生活，他只调伏自己，只平息自己，只使自己般涅槃，如此，他行持着涉及一人的功德行，此即因于出家。”尊者，关于此事，世尊以“那么，婆罗门，我将就此反问你，你认为怎样好，就怎样回答。”等语宣说。

‘‘Iccāyapi [Pg.282] bho gotama evaṃ bhante anekasārīrikā puññappaṭipadā hoti’’ –

“乔达摩尊者，诚然如此。尊者，这是涉及多人的功德行。”

Pucchā – tattheva āvuso dutiya anusandhimhi bhagavatā kīdisī dhammadesanā desitā.

问：贤友，世尊在那里第二次连贯地开示时，说了什么样的法？

Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante dutiye anusandhimhi tividhā pāṭihāriyā paṭisaṃyuttā dhammadesanā bhagavatā desitā.

答——尊者，就在那第二次的连结中，世尊宣说了与三神变相应的法。

‘‘Seyyathāpi [Pg.283] bhavaṃ gotamo bhavañcānando, ete me pujjā ete me pāsaṃsā’’ –

“就好像乔达摩尊者和阿难尊者，这些人是我所尊敬的，是我所称赞的。”

‘‘Seyyathāpi bhavaṃ gotamo bhavañcānando, ete me pujjā ete me pāsaṃsā’’ –

“就好像乔达摩尊者和阿难尊者，这些人是我所尊敬的，是我所称赞的。”

Mahāvagga, venāgapurasutta

大品，韦那伽补罗经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.287] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye tikanimāte mahāvagge tatiyaṃ venāgapurasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，世尊、阿罗汉、正等觉者，于《增支部》·三集·大品中之第三《韦那伽补罗经》，是在何处，针对何人，于何事，以何方式而说？

Vissajjanā – kosalesu bhante venāgapure nāma brāhmaṇānaṃ gāme venāgapurikaṃ vacchagottaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Venāgapuriko bhante vacchagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘acchariyaṃ bho gotama, abbhutaṃ bho gotama, yāvañcidaṃ bhoto gotamassa vippasannāni indriyāni, parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto (peyyāla) evarūpānaṃ nūna bhavaṃ gotamo uccāsayana mahāsayanānaṃ nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘yāni kho pana tāni brāhmaṇa uccāsayana mahāsayanāni. Seyyathidaṃ, āsandi pallaṅko gonako cittako [Pg.288] paṭikā paṭalikā tūlikā vikatikā uddalomī ekantalomī kaṭṭissaṃ koseyyaṃ kuṭṭakaṃ hatthattharaṃ assattharaṃ rathattharaṃ ajinappaveṇī kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ sauttaracchadaṃ ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ. Dullabhāni tāni pabbajitānaṃ, laddhā ca pana nakappantī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，在憍萨罗(Kosala)国一个名为韦那伽补罗(Venāgapura)的婆罗门村，世尊针对韦那伽补罗的婆罗门瓦差种(Vacchagotta)而说。尊者，韦那伽补罗的瓦差种婆罗门对世尊说了这样的话：“真是稀有啊，乔达摩(Gotama)！真是未曾有啊，乔达摩！尊者乔达摩的诸根如此清净，肤色如此纯净明亮。（中略）想必尊者乔达摩定能随意、轻易地获得此等高广大床。”尊者，关于此事，世尊这样说道：“婆罗门，那些所谓的高广大床，即：高脚凳、沙发床、长毛毯、彩花毯、白羊毛毯、缀花毛毯、棉垫、图案毛毯、双面长毛毯、单面长毛毯、镶金丝毯、丝绸毯、大毛毯、象褥、马褥、车褥、羚羊皮铺垫、上等羚羊皮铺垫、带华盖的床、两头有红枕的床。这些对于出家人来说很难得到，即使得到了也不适合使用。”世尊以如是等方式宣说。

‘‘Acchariyaṃ bho gotama abbhutaṃ bho gotama’’.

“真是稀有啊，乔达摩！真是未曾有啊，乔达摩！”

Dibba uccāsayanamahāsayana

天界的高广大床

Pucchā – kathañcāvuso [Pg.290] tattha bhagavatā dibbaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ desitaṃ.

问——贤友，世尊在那里如何开示天界的高广大床？

Vissajjanā – idhāhaṃ brāhmaṇa yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharāmi, so pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisāmi, so pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto vanantaññeva pavisāmīti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā dibbaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ desitaṃ.

答——“婆罗门，我于此处，依止某个村庄或市镇而住。我于上午时分，穿好衣，持衣钵，进入那个村庄或市镇乞食。饭后，从托钵返回，便进入林中。”尊者，世尊在那里以如是等方式开示了天界的高广大床。

Brahma uccāsayanamahāsayana

梵天的高广大床

Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha bhagavatā brahmaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ desitaṃ.

问——贤友，世尊在那里如何开示梵天的高广大床？

Vissajjanā – idhāhaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharāmi, so pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ [Pg.293] vā piṇḍāya pavisāmīti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā brahmauccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ desitaṃ.

答——“婆罗门，我于此处，依止某个村庄或市镇而住。我于上午时分，穿好衣，持衣钵，进入那个村庄或市镇乞食。”尊者，世尊在那里以如是等方式开示了梵天的高广大床。

Katamaṃ pana taṃ bho gotama brahmauccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ.

那么，乔达摩，什么是梵天的高广大床呢？

Ariya uccāsayanamahāsayana

圣者高广大床

Pucchā – kathañcāvuso [Pg.294] tattha bhagavatā ariyaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ desitaṃ.

问：贤友，世尊在那里如何开示圣者的高广大床？

Vissajjanā – idhāhaṃ [Pg.295] brāhmaṇa yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharāmi, so pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisāmi. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapāta paṭikkanto vanantaññeva pavisāmīti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā ariyaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ desitaṃ.

答：婆罗门，我住在这里，依靠某个村庄或市镇。上午时分，我穿着好下衣，取了衣钵，进入那个村庄或市镇乞食。饭后，从乞食返回，我便进入林野。尊者，世尊在那里如此开示了圣者的高广大床。

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.297] āvuso mahāvagge pañcamaṃ kesamuttisuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，在大品中的第五《凯萨穆迪经》，是世尊在何处、针对何人、于何事、以及如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – kosalesu bhante kesamuttenāma kālāmānaṃ nigame kesamuttiye kālāme ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Kesamuttiyā bhante kālāmā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ ‘‘santi bhante eke samaṇa brāhmaṇā kesamuttaṃ āgacchanti, te sakaṃyeva vādaṃ dīpenti, jotenti, parappavādaṃ pana khuṃsenti vambhenti paribhavanti, omakkhiṃ karonti, aparepi bhante eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kesamuttaṃ āgacchanti, tepi sakaṃyeva vādaṃ dīpenti jotenti, parappavādaṃ pana khuṃsenti vambhenti paribhavanti, omakkhiṃ karonti. Tesaṃ no bhante amhākaṃ hoteva kaṅkhā, hoti vicikicchā ko su nāma imesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ āha, ko musā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘alañhi vo kālāmā kaṅkhituṃ alaṃ vicikicchituṃ, kaṅkhīyeva pana vo ṭhāne vicikicchā uppannā’’ti eva mādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，在憍萨罗(Kosala)国，一个名叫凯萨穆迪(Kesamutti)的卡拉玛(Kālāmā)人市镇，（此经是）世尊针对凯萨穆迪的卡拉玛人所说。尊者，凯萨穆迪的卡拉玛人对世尊说了这话：“尊者，有些沙门、婆罗门来到凯萨穆迪，他们只阐明、光显自己的学说，却斥责、毁谤、轻蔑、贬抑他人的学说。尊者，又有另一些沙门、婆罗门来到凯萨穆迪，他们也只阐明、光显自己的学说，却斥责、毁谤、轻蔑、贬抑他人的学说。尊者，我们对他们实在有所困惑，有所怀疑：这些可敬的沙门、婆罗门中，谁说的是真实，谁说的是妄语呢？”尊者，于此事，世尊以如是等语宣说：“卡拉玛人啊，你们的困惑是适当的，你们的怀疑是适当的。你们确实在值得怀疑之处生起了怀疑。”

Uposatasutta

布萨经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.303] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye tikanipāte mahāvagge dasamaṃ uposathasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，那位世尊……乃至……正自觉者，于《增支部》“三集”的“大品”中，第十《布萨经》是在何处、针对何人、以及如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ ārabbha ‘‘tayo kho me visākhe uposathā. Katame tayo. Gopālakuposatho nigaṇṭhuposatho ariyuposatho’’ti evaṃ kho bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，世尊针对鹿母毘舍佉(Visākhā Migāramātā)如此宣说：“毘舍佉，有三种布萨。是哪三种呢？牧牛者布萨、尼乾陀布萨与圣者布萨。”

Handa kuto nu tvaṃ visākhe āgacchasi divā divassa.

那么，毘舍佉，你这大白天的从何处来？

‘‘Tayo [Pg.304] kho me visākhe uposathā. Katame tayo, gopālakuposatho nigaṇṭhuposatho ariyuposatho’’ –

“毘舍佉，有三种布萨。是哪三种呢？牧牛者布萨、尼乾陀布萨与圣者布萨。”

Gopālakaupuggala

牧牛人

Pucchā – kathañcāvuso tattha bhagavatā gopālakuposatho pakāsito.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说牧牛人布萨的？

Vissajjanā – kathañca visākhe gopālakuposatho hoti, seyyathāpi visākhe gopālako sāyanhasamaye sāmikānaṃ gāvo niyyātetvā iti paṭisañcikkhati ‘‘ajja kho gāvo amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese cariṃsu, amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese pānīyāni piviṃsu.

答：毘舍佉，牧牛人布萨是怎样的呢？毘舍佉，譬如牧牛人在傍晚时分将牛群交还给主人后，如此思惟：“今天牛群在某处某处吃草，在某处某处喝水。

Sve [Pg.305] dāni gāvo amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese carissanti, amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese pānīyāni pivissantī’’ti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā gopālakuposatho pakāsito.

明天牛群将在某处某处吃草，在某处某处饮水。”尊者，世尊正是以这样的方式在那里宣说了牧牛人布萨。

Nigaṇṭhaupuggala

尼乾陀

Pucchā – kathañcāvuso [Pg.306] tattha bhagavatā nigaṇṭhuposatho pakāsito.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说尼乾陀布萨的？

Vissajjanā – kathañca visākhe nigaṇṭhuposatho hoti, atthi visākhe nigaṇṭhānāma samaṇajātikā, te sāvakaṃ evaṃ samādapenti, ‘‘ehitvaṃ ambhopurisa ye puratthimāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ, tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhi, ye pacchimāya disāya. Ye uttarāya disāya. Ye dakkhiṇāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ, tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhī’’ti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā nigaṇṭhuposatho pakāsito.

答：毘舍佉，尼乾陀布萨是怎样的呢？毘舍佉，有一种名为尼乾陀的沙门，他们如此教导弟子：“来，善男子！对东方一百由旬(yojana)之外的众生，放下惩罚；对西方……对北方……对南方一百由旬之外的众生，放下惩罚。”尊者，世尊正是以这样的方式在那里宣说了尼乾陀布萨。

Ehi [Pg.307] tvaṃ ambho purisa.

来，善男子！

Ehi tvaṃ ambho purisa sabbacelāni nikkhipitvā evaṃ vadehi.

来，善男子！放下所有衣物，如此说。

Nāhaṃ [Pg.308] kvacani kassaci kiñcanatasmiṃ, na ca mama kvacani katthaci kiñcana tatthi.

我于任何处不为任何人所有，亦无任何物于任何处为我所有。

Ariyā uposatho

圣布萨

Pucchā – kathañcāvuso [Pg.309] tattha bhagavatā ariyuposatho vitthārena vibhajitvā pakāsito.

问：贤友，世尊在那里是如何详细分别解说圣布萨的？

Vissajjanā – kathañca visākhe ariyuposatho hoti, upakkiliṭṭhassa visākhe cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca visākhe upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Idha visākhe ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati ‘‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’’ti. Tassa tathāgataṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyantīti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā ariyo uposatho vitthāretvā pakāsito.

答：毘舍佉，圣布萨是怎样的呢？毘舍佉，对已染污的心，通过努力使之清净。毘舍佉，如何通过努力使已染污的心清净呢？于此，毘舍佉，圣弟子随念如来：“彼世尊亦即是阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。”当他随念如来时，心便清净，喜悦生起，凡是心的随烦恼即被断除。尊者，世尊正是以这样的方式在那里详细分别解说了圣布萨。

Pucchā – evaṃ [Pg.316] upavutthassa pana āvuso ariyuposathassa kathaṃ mahapphalatā mahānisaṃsatā vuttā bhagavatā.

问：贤友，如此受持的圣布萨，世尊是如何说它有大果、大功德的呢？

Vissajjanā – kīvamahapphalā hoti, kīvamahānisaṃso, kīvamahājutiko, kīvamahāvipphāro, seyyathāpi visākhe yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattajanapadānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya, seyyathidaṃ ‘‘aṅgānaṃ magadhānaṃ kāsīnaṃ kosalānaṃ vajjīnaṃ mallānaṃ cetīnaṃ vaṅgānaṃ kurūnaṃ pañcālānaṃ macchānaṃ sūrasenānaṃ assakānaṃ avantīnaṃ gandhārānaṃ kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasi’’nti evamādinā bhante tattha bhagavatā evaṃ upavutthassa ariyuposathassa mahapphalatā mahānisaṃsatā vuttā.

答：它具有大果、大功德、大光辉、大广布。譬如，毘舍佉，有人统治此十六个财富丰饶的大国，即：鸯伽(Aṅga)、摩揭陀、迦尸(Kāsī)、憍萨罗、跋耆(Vajjī)、末罗(Malla)、支提(Ceti)、文伽(Vaṅga)、俱卢(Kuru)、般遮罗、摩差(Maccha)、苏罗先那(Sūrasena)、阿湿波(Assaka)、阿槃提、犍陀罗(Gandhāra)、剑浮沙(Kamboja)，其王权亦不及具足八支的布萨的十六分之一。尊者，世尊正是以这样的方式，宣说了如此受持的圣布萨所具有的大果与大功德。

Ānandavagga

阿难品

Ājīvakasutta

裸行顺命外道经

Pucchā – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.319] āvuso tikanipāte ānandavagge dutiyaṃ ājīvakasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，在《增支部·三集·阿难品》中，第二《裸行顺命外道经》是在何处、缘于谁、于何事、被谁、如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – kosambiyaṃ bhante aññataraṃ ājīvakasāvakaṃ gahapatiṃ ārabbha āyasmatā ānandattherena dhammabhaṇḍāgārikena bhāsitaṃ. Aññataro bhante ājīvakasāvako gahapati āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca ‘‘kesaṃ no bhante ānanda dhammo svākkhāto, ke loke suppaṭipannā, ke loke sukatā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘tena hi gahapati taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsī’’ti evamādinā āyasmatā ānandattherena dhammabhaṇḍāgārikena bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，在憍赏弥(Kosambī)，是法藏持者具寿阿难长老缘于一位裸行顺命外道的信徒居士而说。尊者，某位裸行顺命外道的信徒居士对具寿阿难说：“尊者阿难，谁的法是善说的？谁在世间是善行道者？谁在世间是善作者？”尊者，于此事，法藏持者具寿阿难长老以“那么，居士，我将就此反问你，你认为怎样合适，就怎样回答。”等文句宣说。

‘‘Kesaṃ [Pg.321] no bhante ānanda dhammo svākkhāto, ke loke suppaṭipannā, ke loke sukatā’’.

“尊者阿难，谁的法是善说的？谁在世间是善行道者？谁在世间是善作者？”

‘‘Taṃ [Pg.322] kiṃ maññasi gahapati’’ –

“居士，你对此怎么想？”

‘‘Iti [Pg.323] kho gahapati tayāvetaṃ byākataṃ’’ –

“居士，此事已由你解说。”

‘‘Abhikkantaṃ [Pg.324] bhante, abhikkantaṃ bhante, seyyathāpi bhante nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya’’ –

“殊胜啊，尊者！殊胜啊，尊者！尊者，就像有人把倒扣的东西翻过来一样。”

Gandhajātasutta

香类经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.325] āvuso navamaṃ gandhajātasuttaṃ bhagavatā kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，就在那里，第九《香类经》是世尊缘于谁、于何事、如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – āyasmantaṃ bhante ānandaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Āyasmā bhante ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘tīṇimāni bhante gandhajātāni, yesaṃ anuvātaṃyeva gandho gacchati no paṭivātaṃ…pe… atthi nu kho bhante kiñci gandhajātaṃ, yassa anuvātampi gandho gacchati paṭivātampi gandho gacchati, anuvātapaṭivātampi gandho gacchatī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘atthānanda kiñci gandhajātaṃ, yassa anuvātampi gandho gacchati, paṭivātampi gandho gacchati, anuvātapaṭivātampi gandho gacchatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，是缘于具寿阿难而说。尊者，具寿阿难对世尊说：“尊者，有这三种香，其香气只能顺风飘散，不能逆风飘散……尊者，是否有某种香，其香气既能顺风飘散，也能逆风飘散，顺风逆风都能飘散呢？”尊者，于此事，世尊以“阿难，确实有某种香，其香气既能顺风飘散，也能逆风飘散，顺风逆风都能飘散。”等文句宣说。

Na [Pg.327] pupphagandho paṭivātameti;

Na candanaṃ tagaramallikā vā;

Satañca gandho paṭivātameti;

Sabbā disā sappuriso pavāyati;

花香难逆风，旃檀茉莉同；善者德香远，四方美名颂。

Gadrabhasutta

驴经

Pucchā – samaṇavagge [Pg.328] āvuso dutiyaṃ gadrabhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，于沙门品中，世尊是如何宣说第二《驴经》的？

Vissajjanā – samaṇavagge bhante dutiyaṃ gadrabhasuttaṃ ‘‘seyyathāpi bhikkhave gadrabho gogaṇaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandho hoti ‘ahampi dammo ahampi dammo’ti, tassa na tādiso vaṇṇo hoti seyyathāpi gunnaṃ, na tādiso saro hoti seyyathāpi gunnaṃ, na tādisaṃ padaṃ hoti seyyathāpi gunnaṃ, so gogaṇaṃyeva piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandho hoti ahampi dammo ahampi dammo’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，于沙门品中，第二《驴经》，世尊如是说：“诸比丘，犹如一头驴子跟在一群牛后面，叫道：‘我也是公牛！我也是公牛！’它的颜色不像牛，声音不像牛，步态也不像牛。它只是跟在牛群后面，叫道：‘我也是公牛！我也是公牛！’”世尊以如是等语而说。

Tasmātiha [Pg.329] bhikkhave evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ.

是故，诸比丘，于此，你们应当如是学。

‘‘Tibbo no chando bhavissati adhisīlasikkhāsamādāne…pe… adhipaññāsikkhāsamādāne’’ –

“我等将于受持增上戒学……乃至……于受持增上慧学，生起猛利之欲。”

Saṅkavāsutta

僧伽婆经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.330] āvuso ekādasamaṃ saṅkavāsuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，于彼处，第十一《僧伽婆经》是世尊在何处、缘何人、于何事、如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – kosalesu bhante saṅkavāyaṃ nāma kosalānaṃ nigame kassapagottaṃ nāma bhikkhuṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Kassapa gotto bhante bhikkhu bhagavati manopadūsitvā bhagavato santike accayaṃ accayato desesi. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘thero cepi kassapa bhikkhu na sikkhākāmo na sikkhāsamādānassa vaṇṇavādī. Ye caññe bhikkhū na sikkhākāmā, te ca na sikkhāya samādapeti, ye caññe bhikkhū sikkhākāmā tesañca na vaṇṇaṃ bhaṇati bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ kālenā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，是在憍萨罗国(Kosala)一个名为僧伽婆(Saṅkavā)的市镇，缘一位迦叶(Kassapa)族的比丘而说。尊者，那位迦叶族的比丘对世尊心怀恶意后，便在世尊面前承认其过。尊者，关于此事，世尊以如是等语而说：“迦叶，即使是长老比丘，若不乐于修学，不赞叹受持修学；对其他不乐于修学的比丘，亦不鼓励其修学；对其他乐于修学的比丘，亦不如实、适时地称赞他们。”

Loṇakapallavagga

盐块品

Accāyikasutta

紧急经

Pucchā – tenāvuso…pe… [Pg.334] sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye tikanipāte loṇakapallavagge paṭhamaṃ accāyikasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，彼……正等觉者于《增支部》三集中《盐块品》的第一《紧急经》是如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – loṇakapallavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ accāyikasuttaṃ ‘‘tīṇimāni bhikkhave kassakassa gahapatissa accāyikāni karaṇīyāni. Katamāni tīṇi, idha bhikkhave kassako gahapati sīghaṃ sīghaṃ khettaṃ sukaṭṭhaṃ karoti sumatikataṃ. Sīghaṃ sīghaṃ khettaṃ sukaṭṭhaṃ karitvā sumatikataṃ sīghaṃ sīghaṃ bījāni patiṭṭhāpeti. Sīghaṃ sīghaṃ bījāni [Pg.335] patiṭṭhāpetvā sīghaṃ sīghaṃ udakaṃ abhinetipi apanetipi. Imāni kho bhikkhave tīṇi kassakassa gahapatissa accāyikāni karaṇīyāni’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，于《盐块品》中，第一《紧急经》，世尊如是说：“诸比丘，农夫居士有此三项紧急要务。是哪三项呢？诸比丘，于此，农夫居士须迅速将田地善加耕犁、善加平整。善加耕犁、平整后，须迅速播下种子。播下种子后，须迅速灌溉或排水。诸比丘，此即农夫居士的三项紧急要务。”尊者，世尊以如是等语而说。

Sambodhavagga

觉悟品

Ruṇṇasutta

哭泣经

Pucchā – sambodhavagge [Pg.337] panāvuso pañcamaṃ ruṇṇasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，在觉悟品中，世尊是如何宣说第五《哭泣经》的？

Vissajjanā – sambodhavagge bhante pañcamaṃ ruṇṇasuttaṃ ‘‘ruṇṇamidaṃ bhikkhave ariyassa vinaye yadidaṃ gītaṃ, ummattakamidaṃ bhikkhave ariyassa vinaye yadidaṃ naccaṃ, komārakamidaṃ bhikkhave ariyassa vinaye yadidaṃ ativelaṃ dantavidaṃsakahasitaṃ. Tasmātiha bhikkhave setughāto gīte setughāto nacce, alaṃ vo dhammappamoditānaṃ sataṃ sitaṃ sitamattāyā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，关于觉悟品第五《哭泣经》，世尊如是说：“诸比丘，于圣者之律中，歌即是哭泣；诸比丘，于圣者之律中，舞即是癫狂；诸比丘，于圣者之律中，过度露齿而笑即是幼稚。是故，诸比丘，当断绝于歌，当断绝于舞。汝等乐法、具念者，仅微笑足矣。”尊者，世尊是这样说的。

Arakkhīkasutta

无护经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.338] āvuso sattamaṃ arakkhitasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，世尊在何处，对谁，以何方式说了第七《无护经》？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante anātapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ ārabbha ‘‘citte gahapati arakkhite kāyakammampi arakkhitaṃ hoti, vacīkammampi. Manokammampi arakkhitaṃ hoti. Tassa arakkhitakāyakammantassa arakkhitavacīkammantassa arakkhitamanokammantassa kāyakammampi avassutaṃ [Pg.339] hoti, vacīkammampi avassutaṃ hoti, manokammampi avassutaṃ hotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，世尊对给孤独长者说：“居士，心不被守护时，身业亦不被守护，语业亦不被守护，意业亦不被守护。对于身业、语业、意业不被守护者，其身业亦有漏，语业亦有漏，意业亦有漏。”世尊说了以此为开端的法。

Āpāyikavagga

恶趣品

Apaṇṇakasutta

无疑经

Pucchā – āpāyikavagge [Pg.341] āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ apaṇṇakasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，在恶趣品中，世尊是如何宣说第六《无疑经》的？

Vissajjanā – āpāyikavagge bhante chaṭṭhaṃ apaṇṇakasuttaṃ ‘‘tisso imā bhikkhave vipattiyo. Katamā tisso sīlavipatti, cittavipatti, diṭṭhivipatti. Katamā ca bhikkhave sīlavipatti, idha bhikkhave ekacco pāṇātipātī hoti…pe… samphappalāpī hoti. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave sīlavipattī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，关于恶趣品第六《无疑经》，世尊如是说：“诸比丘，有此三败坏。是哪三者？戒败坏、心败坏、见败坏。诸比丘，何为戒败坏？于此，诸比丘，有人行杀生……乃至……行绮语。诸比丘，此谓戒败坏。”世尊说了以此为开端的法。

Kusināravagga

古西那罗品

Kusinārasutta

古西那罗经

Pucchā – kusināravagge [Pg.344] panāvuso paṭhamaṃ kusinārasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问——贤友，在古西那罗品中，世尊在何处，对谁，以何方式说了第一《古西那罗经》？

Vissajjanā – kusinārāyaṃ bhante baliharaṇe vanasaṇḍe sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘idha bhikkhave bhikkhu aññataraṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharati, tamenaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā svātanāya bhattena nimantetī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答——尊者，在古西那罗的巴利哈罗林苑，世尊对众多比丘说：“诸比丘，于此，有比丘依止某村落或市镇而住。有长者或长者子前来，邀请他明日受食……”世尊说了以此为开端的法。

Hatthakasutta

哈特卡经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.347] āvuso pañcamaṃ hatthakasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kena saddhiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，同品第五《哈特卡经》是世尊在何处、与何人、如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante hatthakena devaputtena saddhiṃ ‘‘ye te hatthaka dhammā pubbe manussabhūtassa pavattino ahesuṃ, apinu te te dhammā etarahi pavattino’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

回答——尊者，在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，世尊对天子哈特卡(Hatthaka)说：“哈特卡，你过去为人时所行的那些法，如今是否也行此等法？”世尊如是说。

Anuruddhasutta

阿那律经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.350] āvuso aṭṭhamaṃ anuruddhasuttaṃ kaṃ ārabbha kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，同品第八《阿那律经》，是针对谁、由谁、以及如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – aṭṭhamaṃ bhante anuruddhasuttaṃ āyasmantaṃ anuruddhattheraṃ ārabbha āyasmatā sāriputtattherena dhammasenāpatinā ‘‘yaṃ kho te āvuso anuruddhaṃ evaṃ hoti ‘ahaṃ dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokaṃ volokemī’ti, idaṃ te mānasmiṃ’’ti evamādinā bhāsitaṃ.

回答——尊者，第八《阿那律经》，是法将具寿舍利弗长老针对具寿阿那律长老所说：“贤友阿那律，你作是念：‘我以清净、超人之天眼观见千世界’，此是于汝之慢。”如是说。

‘‘Sādhu [Pg.352] vatāyasmā anuruddho ime tayo dhamme pahāya ime tayo dhamme amanasikaritvā amatāya dhātuyā cittaṃ upasaṃharatu’’ –

“善哉！具寿阿那律，你应舍弃此三法，不作意此三法，将心专注于不死界。”

Kusināravagga

古西那罗品

Paṭicchannasutta

覆经

Pucchā – tenāvuso [Pg.353] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye tikanipāte kusināravagge navamaṃ paṭicchannasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，彼世尊……正等觉者在《增支部》三集中〈古西那罗品〉的第九《覆经》是如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – navamaṃ bhante paṭicchannasuttaṃ ‘‘tīṇimāni bhikkhave paṭicchannāni āvahanti no vivaṭāni. Katamāni tīṇi, mātugāmo bhikkhave paṭicchanno āvahati no vivaṭo, brāhmaṇānaṃ bhikkhave mantā paṭicchannā āvahanti no vivaṭā, micchādiṭṭhi bhikkhave paṭicchannā āvahati no vivaṭā. Imāni kho bhikkhave tīṇi paṭicchannāni āvahanti no vivaṭānī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

回答——尊者，第九《覆经》：“诸比丘，此三者，隐蔽则兴，非显露。是哪三者？诸比丘，女人隐蔽则兴，非显露；诸比丘，婆罗门之明咒隐蔽则兴，非显露；诸比丘，邪见隐蔽则兴，非显露。诸比丘，此三者，隐蔽则兴，非显露。”世尊如是说。

Lekhasutta

刻文经

Pucchā – tattheva [Pg.355] āvuso dasamaṃ lekhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

提问——贤友，世尊在同处是如何宣说第十《刻文经》的？

Vissajjanā – dasamaṃ bhante lekhasuttaṃ ‘‘tayome bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo, pāsāṇalekhūpamo puggalo pathavilekhūpamo puggalo udakalekhūpamo puggalo. Katamo ca bhikkhave pāsāṇa lekhūpamo puggalo, idha bhikkhave ekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati, so ca khvassa kodho dīgharattaṃ anuseti. Seyyathāpi bhikkhave pāsāṇalekhā na khippaṃ lujjati vātena vā udakena vā, ciraṭṭhitikā hoti, evameva kho bhikkhave idhekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati, so ca khvassa kodho dīgharattaṃ anuseti. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave pāsāṇalekhūpamo puggalo’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，世尊以“诸比丘，世间有此三种人存在。是哪三种？如石刻的人，如地刻的人，如水刻的人。诸比丘，何为如石刻的人？诸比丘，于此，有某个人常忿怒，其忿怒长时潜伏。诸比丘，譬如石上刻文，不易为风或水所抹去，长久存续；同样地，诸比丘，于此，有某个人常忿怒，其忿怒长时潜伏。诸比丘，此谓如石刻的人。”等文句宣说了第十《刻文经》。

Yodhājīvavagga

战士品

Kesakambalasutta

毛发衣经

Pucchā – yodhājīvavagge [Pg.358] pana āvuso pañcamaṃ kesakambalasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，在战士品中，第五《毛发衣经》世尊是如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – yodhājīvavagge bhante pañcamaṃ kesakambalasuttaṃ ‘‘seyyathāpi bhikkhave yāni kānici tantāvutānaṃ vatthānaṃ, kesakambalo tesaṃ paṭikiṭṭho akkhāyati. Kesakambalo bhikkhave sīte sīto uṇhe uṇho dubbaṇṇo duggandho dukkhasamphasso. Evameva kho bhikkhave yānikānici puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇavādānaṃ, makkhalivādo tesaṃ paṭikiṭṭho akkhāyatīti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，在战士品中，第五《毛发衣经》世尊是这样宣说的：“诸比丘，譬如，在所有纺织的衣物中，毛发衣被认为是最低劣的。诸比丘，毛发衣在寒冷时冷，在炎热时热，颜色难看，气味难闻，触感粗糙。诸比丘，同样地，在所有种种沙门婆罗门的学说中，末伽梨(Makkhali)的学说被认为是最低劣的。”

Maṅgalavagga

吉祥品

Vandanāsutta

礼敬经

Pucchā – maṅgalavagge [Pg.360] panāvuso navamaṃ vandanāsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，在吉祥品中，第九《礼敬经》世尊是如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – maṅgalavagge bhante navamaṃ vandanāsuttaṃ ‘‘tisso imā bhikkhave vandanā. Katamā tisso, kāyena vācāya manasā. Imā kho bhikkhave tisso vandanā’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，在吉祥品中，第九《礼敬经》世尊是这样宣说的：“诸比丘，有这三种礼敬。是哪三种呢？以身、以语、以意。诸比丘，这就是这三种礼敬。”尊者，世尊就是这样宣说的。

‘‘Tisso imā bhikkhave vandanā. Katamā tisso, kāyena vācāya manasā. Imā kho bhikkhave tisso vandanā’’.

“诸比丘，有这三种礼敬。是哪三种呢？以身、以语、以意。诸比丘，这就是这三种礼敬。”

Pubbaṇhasutta

午前经

Pucchā – tattho [Pg.361] āvuso dasamaṃ pubbaṇhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，那么，世尊是如何宣说这第十《午前经》的呢？

Vissajjanā – dasamaṃ bhante pubbaṇhasuttaṃ ‘‘ye bhikkhave sattā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ kāyena sucaritaṃ caranti, vācāya sucaritaṃ caranti, manasā sucaritaṃ caranti. Supubbaṇho bhikkhave tesaṃ sattānaṃ. Ye bhikkhave sattā majjhanhikasamayaṃ…pe… sāyanhasamayaṃ kāyena sucaritaṃ caranti, vācāya sucaritaṃ caranti, manasā sucaritaṃ caranti. Susāyanho bhikkhave tesaṃ sattāna’’nti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，第十《午前经》世尊是这样宣说的：“诸比丘，若有众生在午前时分以身行善行，以语行善行，以意行善行，诸比丘，那些众生就有美好的午前。诸比丘，若有众生在正午时分……乃至……在傍晚时分以身行善行，以语行善行，以意行善行，诸比丘，那些众生就有美好的傍晚。”

Sunakkhattaṃ [Pg.362] sumaṅgalaṃ, suppabhātaṃ suhuṭṭhitaṃ;

Sukhaṇo sumuhutto ca, suyiṭṭhaṃ brahmacārisu.

善星宿善吉祥，善黎明善升起；善刹那善时分，善供于梵行者。

Bhaṇḍagāmavagga

盘陀伽摩品

Anubuddhasutta

随觉经

Pucchā – catukkanipāte [Pg.1] pana āvuso bhaṇḍagāmavagge paṭhamaṃ anubuddhasuttaṃ bhagavatā sattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

问：贤友，在《增支部》第四集中，盘陀伽摩品的第一《随觉经》，世尊是针对何人，以及如何宣说的？

Vissajjanā – vajjīsu bhante bhaṇḍagāme sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘catunnaṃ bhikkhave dhammānaṃ ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ, ariyassa bhikkhave sīlassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Ariyassa bhikkhave samādhissa…. Ariyāya bhikkhave paññāya…. Ariyāya bhikkhave vimuttiyā ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañcā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答：尊者，在跋耆国(Vajjī)的盘陀伽摩村(Bhaṇḍagāma)，世尊针对众多比丘是这样宣说的：“诸比丘，由于对四法不随觉、不通达，我和你们才如此长久地流转轮回。是哪四法呢？诸比丘，由于对圣戒不随觉、不通达，我和你们才如此长久地流转轮回。诸比丘，由于对圣定……由于对圣慧……诸比丘，由于对圣解脱不随觉、不通达，我和你们才如此长久地流转轮回。”尊者，世尊就是这样宣说的。

Appassutasutta

寡闻经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.3] āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ appassutasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问曰——贤友，在那里，世尊是如何宣说第六《寡闻经》的？

Vi – tattha bhante chaṭṭhaṃ appassutasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro, appassuto sutena anupapanno, appassuto sutena upapanno, bahussuto sutena anupapanno, bahussuto sutena upapanno’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答曰——尊者，在那里，第六《寡闻经》世尊是这样宣说的：“诸比丘，世间存在这四种人。是哪四种呢？寡闻而不随顺法，寡闻而随顺法，多闻而不随顺法，多闻而随顺法。”世尊是这样宣说的。

Caravagga

行品

Carasutta

行经

Pu – caravagge [Pg.7] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ carasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问曰——贤友，在行品中，世尊是如何宣说第一《行经》的？

Vi – caravagge bhante paṭhamaṃ carasuttaṃ ‘‘carato cepi bhikkhave bhikkhuno uppajjati kāmavitakko vā byāpādavitakko vā vihiṃsāvibhatto vā, taṃ ce bhikkhu adhivāseti nappajahati na vinodeti na byantīkaroti na anabhāvaṃ gametī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答曰——尊者，在行品中，第一《行经》世尊是这样宣说的：“诸比丘，若比丘在行进时生起欲寻思、瞋寻思或害寻思，而该比丘容忍、不舍弃、不去除、不令其止息——”世尊是这样宣说的。

Uruvelavagga

优楼频螺品

Lokasutta

世间经

Pu – tenāvuso…pe… [Pg.9] sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye catukkanipāte uruvelavagge tatiyaṃ lokasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

问曰——贤友，那么，正自觉者在《增支部》第四集优楼频螺品中，是如何宣说第三《世间经》的呢？

Vi – uruvelavagge bhante tatiyaṃ lokasuttaṃ ‘‘loko bhikkhave tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasmā tathāgato visaṃyutto, lokasamudayo bhikkhave tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasamudayo tathāgatassa pahīno, lokanirodho bhikkhave tathāgatena abhisambuddho lokanirodho tathāgatassa sacchikato, lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadā bhikkhave tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, lokanirodhagāmini paṭipadā tathāgatassa bhāvitā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答曰——尊者，在优楼频螺品中，第三《世间经》世尊是这样宣说的：“诸比丘，如来已现正觉世间，如来已从世间解脱。诸比丘，如来已现正觉世间之集，如来已舍断世间之集。诸比丘，如来已现正觉世间之灭，如来已作证世间之灭。诸比丘，如来已现正觉导向世间灭尽之道，如来已修习导向世间灭尽之道。”尊者，世尊是这样宣说的。

Danto [Pg.12] damayataṃ seṭṭho,Santo samayataṃ isi;

Mutto mocayataṃ aggo,Tiṇṇo tārayataṃ varo–

已调御者，调御者中胜；已寂静者，寂静者中仙；已解脱者，解脱者中上；已度脱者，度脱者中优。

Sabbaṃ lokaṃ abhiññāya,Sabbaṃ loke yathātathaṃ;

Sabbaṃ lokaṃ visaṃyutto,Sabbaloke anūpayo.

遍知一切世间，如实知世间一切；解脱一切世间缚，不执著世间一切。

Sa ve sabbābhibhū dhīro,Sabbaganthappamocano;

Puṭṭha’ssa paramā santi,Nibbānaṃ akuto bhayaṃ.

彼实胜一切，智者解诸缚；所触最上寂，涅槃无所畏。

Esa khīṇāsavo buddho,Anīgho chinnasaṃsayo;

Sabbakammakkhayaṃ [Pg.13] patto,Vimutto upadhisaṅkhaye;

此是漏尽之佛陀，无恼断疑者；已达一切业尽，于诸依止解脱。

Esa so bhagavā buddho,Esa sīho anuttaro;

Sadevakassa lokassa,Brahmacakkaṃ pavattayī.

此即彼世尊佛陀，此即无上之狮子；为天人世间，转动梵轮。

Iti devā manussā ca,Ye buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā;

Saṅgamma taṃ namassanti,Mahantaṃ vītasāradaṃ.

如是诸天与人类，凡皈依佛陀者；皆汇集而礼敬，彼伟大无畏者。

Danto damayataṃ seṭṭho,Santo samayataṃ isi;

Mutto mocayataṃ aggo,Tiṇṇo tārayataṃ varo.

已调御者，调御者中胜；已寂静者，寂静者中仙；已解脱者，解脱者中上；已度脱者，度脱者中优。

Iti hetaṃ namassanti,Mahantaṃ vītasāradaṃ;

Sadevakasmiṃ lokasmiṃ,Natthi me paṭipuggalo–

如是彼等礼敬，彼伟大无畏者；于天人世间中，无有与我匹敌者。

Brahmacariyasutta

梵行经

Pu – tattheva āvuso pañcamaṃ brahmacariyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说第五《梵行经》的呢？

Vi – pañcamaṃ bhante brahmacariyasuttaṃ ‘‘nayidaṃ bhikkhave brahmacariyaṃ vussati janakuhanatthaṃ, na janalapanatthaṃ, na lābhasakkārasilokānisaṃsuttaṃ[Pg.14], na itivādappamokkhānisaṃsatthaṃ, na ‘iti maṃ jano jānātū’ti. Atha kho idaṃ bhikkhave brahmacariyaṃ vussati saṃvaratthaṃ pahānatthaṃ virāgatthaṃ nirodhattha’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说第五《梵行经》如下：“诸比丘，此梵行并非为了欺骗民众而修，并非为了与人攀谈而修，并非为了获得利养、恭敬与名声而修，并非为了摆脱非议而修，并非为了‘让众人认识我’而修。诸比丘，此梵行实是为了律仪、为了舍断、为了离贪、为了灭尽而修。”世尊如是宣说。

Ariyavaṃsasutta

圣种经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.15] āvuso aṭṭhamaṃ ariyavaṃsasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说第八《圣种经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante aṭṭhamaṃ ariyavaṃsasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave ariyavaṃsā aggaññā rattaññā vaṃsaññā porāṇā, asaṃkiṇṇā asaṃkiṇṇapubbāna saṃkīyissanti, appaṭikuṭṭhā samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Katame cattāro, idha bhikkhave bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena cīvarena, itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, na ca cīvarahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati, aladdhā ca cīvaraṃ na paritassati, laddhā ca cīvaraṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhopanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati, tāya ca pana itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā nevattānukkaṃseti no paraṃ vambheti. Yo hi tattha dakkho analaso sampajāno paṭissabho, ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave bhikkhu porāṇe aggaññe ariyavaṃse ṭhito’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说第八《圣种经》如下：“诸比丘，有这四种圣种，是殊胜的、古老的、传承的、传统的，未曾混杂，过去未曾混杂，未来也不会被混杂，不为有智的沙门、婆罗门所呵责。是哪四种呢？诸比丘，在此，比丘对于任何粗劣的衣服都能满足，并且赞叹对任何粗劣衣服的满足；不会为了衣服而作不适宜的寻求；没有得到衣服也不会焦虑，得到了衣服也不会贪婪、迷恋、执着，能见到过患，以出离的智慧来使用。又因着那份对任何粗劣衣服的满足，他既不自赞，也不毁他。诸比丘，凡是于此娴熟、不懈怠、有正知、有正念者，就被称为安住于古老、殊胜圣种的比丘。”世尊如是宣说。

Cakkavagga

轮品

Cakkasutta

轮经

Pu – cakkavagge [Pg.19] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ cakkasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在轮品中，世尊是如何宣说第一《轮经》的呢？

Vi – cakkavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ cakkasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārimāni bhikkhave cakkāni, yehi samannāgatānaṃ devamanussānaṃ catucakkaṃ vattati, yehi samannāgatā devamanussā nacirasseva mahantattaṃ vepullattaṃ pāpuṇanti bhogesu. Katamāni cattāri, patirūpadesavāso sappurisāvassayo attasammāpaṇidhi pubbe ca katapuññatā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊在轮品中宣说第一《轮经》如下：“诸比丘，有这四种轮，天人与人具足此四轮，四轮得以运转；具足此四轮的天人与人，不久就能在财富上获得广大的增长。是哪四种呢？居住在适宜的地方、亲近善人、自我端正、以及过去所造的善业。”世尊如是宣说。

Saṅgahasutta

摄事经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.21] āvuso dutiyaṃ saṅgahasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说第二《摄事经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante dutiyaṃ saṅgahasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārimāni bhikkhave saṅgahavatthūni. Katamāni cattāri, dānaṃ peyyavajjaṃ atthacariyā samānattatā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说第二《摄事经》如下：“诸比丘，有这四种摄事。是哪四种呢？布施、爱语、利行、同事。”世尊如是说。

Sīhasutta

狮子经

Pu – bhattheva [Pg.23] āvuso tatiyaṃ sīhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说第三《狮子经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante tatiyaṃ sīhasuttaṃ ‘‘sīho bhikkhave migarājā sāyanusamayaṃ āsayā nikkhamati, āsayā nikkhamitvā vijambhati, vijambhitvā samantā catuddisā anuviloketi, samantā catuddisā anuviloketvā tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ nadati, tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā gocarāya pakkamatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说第三《狮子经》如下：“诸比丘，兽王狮子在傍晚时分从住所出来，出来后伸展身体，伸展身体后环顾四方，环顾四方后作三次狮子吼，作三次狮子吼后前去觅食。”世尊如是说。

Doṇasutta

多那经

Pu – tenāvuso [Pg.25] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye catukkanipāte cakkavagge chaṭṭhaṃ doṇasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊……正等觉者在《增支部》四集《轮品》中，是在何处、针对何人、因何事宣说了第六《多那经》呢？

Vi – antarā [Pg.26] ca bhante ukkaṭṭhaṃ antarā ca setabyaṃ doṇaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Doṇo bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘devo no bhavaṃ bhavissatī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘na kho ahaṃ brāhmaṇa devo bhavissāmī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，此经是在乌伽吒(Ukkaṭṭhā)与塞达卞（城）之间，针对多那婆罗门而说的。尊者，多那婆罗门对世尊说了这番话：“您会是天神吗？”尊者，关于此事，世尊是这样说的：“婆罗门，我不会成为天神。”

‘‘Acchariyaṃ [Pg.27] vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho, na vatimāni manussabhūtassa padāni bhavissanti’’.

“啊，真是奇妙！啊，真是未曾有！这必不是人类的足迹！”

‘‘Devo no bhavaṃ bhavissati’’.

“您会是天神吗？”

‘‘Na kho ahaṃ brāhmaṇa devo bhavissami’’.

“婆罗门，我不会成为天神。”

‘‘Gandhabbo no bhavaṃ bhavissati’’.

“您会是乾闼婆(gandhabba)吗？”

‘‘Na kho ahaṃ brāhmaṇa gandhabbo bhavissāmi’’.

“婆罗门，我不会成为乾闼婆。”

Ujjayasutta

乌迦亚经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.30] āvuso navamaṃ ujjayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说第九《乌迦亚经》的呢？

Vi – navamaṃ bhante ujjayasuttaṃ ‘‘na kho ahaṃ brāhmaṇa sabbaṃ yaññaṃ vaṇṇemi, na panāhaṃ brāhmaṇa sabbaṃ yaññaṃ na vaṇṇemi. Yathārūpe kho brāhmaṇa yaññe gāvo haññanti, ajeḷakā haññanti, kukkuṭasūkarā haññanti, vividhā pāṇā saṅghātaṃ āpajjantī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说第九《乌迦亚经》如下：“婆罗门，我并非赞叹所有祭祀，也并非不赞叹所有祭祀。婆罗门，在这样的祭祀中，牛被杀害，山羊与绵羊被杀害，鸡与猪被杀害，各种生物遭受屠戮……”世尊如是说。

‘‘Bhavampi [Pg.31] no gotamo yaññaṃ vaṇṇeti’’.

“尊者乔达摩也称赞祭祀。”

Rohitassavagga

卢醯多舍品

Samādhibhāvanāsutta

定修习经

Pu – rohitassavagge [Pg.33] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ samādhibhāvanāsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在卢醯多舍品中，世尊是如何宣说第一《定修习经》的呢？

Vi – rohitassavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ samādhibhāvanāsuttaṃ ‘‘catasso imā bhikkhave samādhibhāvanā, katamā catasso, atthi bhikkhave samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṃvattati, atthi bhikkhave samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanappaṭilābhāya saṃvattati, atthi bhikkhave samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṃvattati, atthi bhikkhave samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṃ khayāya saṃvattatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在卢醯多舍品中，世尊如此宣说第一《定修习经》：“比丘们，有这四种定修习。哪四种呢？比丘们，有一种定修习，修习并多修习后，能带来现法乐住；比丘们，有一种定修习，修习并多修习后，能带来智见的获得；比丘们，有一种定修习，修习并多修习后，能带来正念正知；比丘们，有一种定修习，修习并多修习后，能带来诸漏尽。”

Pañhabyākaraṇasutta

解答问题经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.37] āvuso dutiyaṃ pañhabyākaraṇasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，那么，世尊是怎样宣说第二个《解答问题经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante dutiyaṃ pañhabyākaraṇasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārimāni bhikkhave pañhabyākaraṇāni. Katamāni cattāri, atthi bhikkhave pañho ekaṃsabyākaraṇīyo, atthi bhikkhave pañho vibhajjabyākaraṇīyo, atthi bhikkhave pañho paṭipucchābyākaraṇīyo, atthi bhikkhave pañho ṭhapanīyo’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在那里，世尊如此宣说第二个《解答问题经》：“比丘们，有这四种解答问题的方式。哪四种呢？比丘们，有一种问题应当直接解答，比丘们，有一种问题应当分别解答，比丘们，有一种问题应当反问后解答，比丘们，有一种问题应当搁置。”

Puññābhisandavagga

福流品

Paṭhamasaṃvāsasutta

初共住经

Pu – puññābhisandavagge [Pg.39] pana āvuso tatiyaṃ saṃvāsasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在福流品中，第三《共住经》，世尊在何处为了谁以何种方式宣说的呢？

Vi – puññābhisandavagge bhante tatiyaṃ saṃvāsasuttaṃ antarā ca madhuraṃ antarā ca verañjaṃ sambahule gahapatayo ca gahapatāniyo ca ārabbha ‘‘cattārome gahapatayo saṃvāsā. Katame cattāro, chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在福流品中，世尊在摩偷罗(Madhura)与维兰迦(Verañja)之间，针对许多居士和居士妇们，如此宣说第三《共住经》：“居士们，有四种共同生活。哪四种呢？死尸与死尸共同生活，死尸与天女共同生活，天人与死尸共同生活，天人与天女共同生活。”

Paṭhamasamajīvīsutta

第一等命经

Pu – tenāvuso [Pg.43] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye catukkanipāte puññābhisandavagge pañcamaṃ samajīvisuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊……乃至……正等觉者，于《增支部》第四集〈福流品〉中，第五《等命经》是如何宣说的呢？

Vi – pañcamaṃ bhante samajīvisuttaṃ ‘‘ākaṅkheyyuṃ ce gahapatayo ubho jānipatayo diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṃ passituṃ, abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṃ passituṃ, ubhova assu samasaddhā samasīlā samacāgā samapaññā, te diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṃ passanti, abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṃ passantī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊如此宣说第五《等命经》：“居士们，如果夫妇双方期望在现法中彼此相见，在来世中也能彼此相见，那么他们双方都应当具足同等的信、同等的戒、同等的施、同等的慧。他们就能在现法中彼此相见，在来世中也能彼此相见。”

Pattakammavagga

业品

Ānaṇyasukhasutta

无债乐经

Pu – pattakammavagge [Pg.46] pana āvuso dutiyaṃ ānaṇyasukhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，于〈业品〉中，第二《无债乐经》，世尊是在何处、针对谁，以及如何宣说的呢？

Vi – pattakammavagge [Pg.47] bhante dutiyaṃ ānaṇyasukhasuttaṃ sāvatthiyaṃ anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ ārabbha ‘‘cattārimāni gahapati sukhāni adhigamanīyāni gihinā kāmabhoginā kālena kālaṃ samayena samayaṃ upādāya. Katamāni cattāri, atthisukhaṃ bhogasukhaṃ anaṇyasukhaṃ anavajjasukha’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，于〈业品〉中，世尊在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，针对给孤独(Anāthapiṇḍika)居士，如此宣说第二《无债乐经》：“居士，有这四种乐，是享受欲乐的在家者应当时时获得的。是哪四种呢？拥有之乐、受用之乐、无债之乐、无过失之乐。”

Ānaṇyasukhaṃ [Pg.50] ñatvāna, atho atthisukhaṃ paraṃ;

Bhuñjaṃ bhogasukhaṃ macco, tato paññā vipassati;

Vipassamāno jānāti, ubho bhāge sumedhaso;

Anavajjasukhassetaṃ, kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ–

了知无债乐，更知拥有乐，世人享财富，而后以慧观。智者善观察，了知此二者，然此诸乐总，不及无过乐，十六分之一。

Appaṇṇakavagga

决定品

Sappurisasutta

善人经

Pu – apaṇṇakavagge pana āvuso tatiyaṃ sappurisasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，于〈决定品〉中，第三《善人经》，世尊是如何宣说的？

Vi – apaṇṇakavagge [Pg.51] bhante tatiyaṃ sappurisasuttaṃ ‘‘catūhi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato asappuriso veditabbo. Katamehi catūhi, idha bhikkhave asappuriso yo hoti parassa avaṇṇo taṃ apuṭṭhopi pātu karoti ko pana vādo puṭṭhassā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，于〈决定品〉中，世尊如此宣说第三《善人经》：“比丘们，当知非善人具足四法。是哪四种呢？比丘们，于此，非善人对于他人之过，即使未被询问也会揭露，更何况被询问时。”

Adhunāgatavadhukāsamena [Pg.55] cetasā viharissāma’’ –

我们将以新到媳妇般的心境安住。

Acinteyyasutta

不可思议经

Pu – tattheva āvuso sattamaṃ acinteyyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第七部不可思议经的？

Vi – sattamaṃ bhante acinteyyasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārimāni bhikkhave acinteyyāni na cintetabbāni, yāni cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assa. Katamāni cattāri, buddhānaṃ bhikkhave buddhavisayo acinteyyo na cintetabbo, yaṃ cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，第七部不可思议经。世尊如是说：“诸比丘，有这四种不可思议之事，不应思量。思量者，将陷入疯狂与苦恼。哪四种呢？诸比丘，诸佛的佛境界是不可思议的，不应思量。思量者，将陷入疯狂与苦恼。”

Macalavagga

悭吝品

Tamotamasutta

重暗经

Pu – macalavagge [Pg.57] pana āvuso pañcamaṃ tamotamasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在悭吝品中，世尊是如何宣说第五部重暗经的？

Vi – macalavagge bhante pañcamaṃ tamotamasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro, tamotamaparāyaṇo, tamojotiparāyaṇo, jotitamaparāyaṇo, jotijotiparāyaṇo’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在悭吝品第五部重暗经中，世尊如是说：“诸比丘，世间有这四种人存在。哪四种呢？从黑暗趋向黑暗者，从黑暗趋向光明者，从光明趋向黑暗者，从光明趋向光明者。”

Asuravagga

阿修罗品

Asurasutta

阿修罗经

Pu – tenāvuso [Pg.61] bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena aṅguttaranikāye catukkanipāte asuravagge paṭhamaṃ asurasuttaṃ kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊……乃至……正等觉者在《增支部·四集·阿修罗品》中是如何宣说第一部阿修罗经的？

Vi – asuravagge bhante paṭhamaṃ asurasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro, asuro asuraparivāro, asuro devaparivāro, devo asuraparivāro, devo devaparivāro’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在阿修罗品第一部阿修罗经中，世尊如是说：“诸比丘，世间有这四种人存在。哪四种呢？阿修罗及阿修罗眷属，阿修罗及天神眷属，天神及阿修罗眷属，天神及天神眷属。”

Samādhisutta

定经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.64] āvuso catutthaṃ samādhisuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，就在那里，世尊是如何宣说第四部定经的？

Vi – catutthaṃ bhante samādhisuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro, idha bhikkhave ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. Idha pana bhikkhave puggalo lābhī hoti adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, na lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa. Idha pana bhikkhave ekacco puggalo na ceva lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, na ca lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. Idha pana bhikkhave ekacco puggalo lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāyā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，第四部定经。世尊如是说：“诸比丘，世间有这四种人存在。哪四种呢？诸比丘，于此，有某人获得内心寂止，不获得增上慧法观。诸比丘，于此，有某人获得增上慧法观，不获得内心寂止。诸比丘，于此，有某人既不获得内心寂止，也不获得增上慧法观。诸比丘，于此，有某人既获得内心寂止，也获得增上慧法观。”

Rāgavinayasutta

调伏贪欲经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.68] āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ rāgavinayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第六《调伏贪欲经》的呢？

Vi – chaṭṭhaṃ bhante rāgavinayasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro, attahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, parahitāya paṭipanno no attahitāya, nevattahitāya paṭipanno no parahitāya, attahitāya ceva paṭipanno parahitāya cā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，世尊以“诸比丘，世间有此四种人存在。是哪四种呢？为自利行而非为他利行者，为他利行而非为自利行者，既不为自利行亦不为他利行者，既为自利行亦为他利行者。”等文句宣说了第六《调伏贪欲经》。

Valāhakavagga

云品

Paṭhamavalāhakasutta

初云经

Pu – valāhakavagge [Pg.71] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ valāhakasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，那么在《云品》中，世尊是在哪里、针对谁、以及如何宣说第一《云经》的呢？

Vi – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave valāhakā. Katame cattāro, gajjitā no vassitā, vassitā no gajjitā, neva gajjitā no vassitā, gajjitā ca vassitā ca. Ime kho bhikkhave cattāro valāhakā. Evameva kho bhikkhave cattāro valāhakūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjāmānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro, gajjitā no vassitā, vassitā no gajjitā, neva gajjitā no vassitā, gajjitā ca vassitā cā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，世尊针对众多比丘，以“诸比丘，有此四种云。是哪四种呢？雷鸣而不雨者，雨而不雷鸣者，既不雷鸣亦不雨者，雷鸣亦雨者。诸比丘，此即四种云。诸比丘，正如此，世间有此四种如云的人存在。是哪四种呢？雷鸣而不雨者，雨而不雷鸣者，既不雷鸣亦不雨者，雷鸣亦雨者。”等文句宣说。

Udakarahadasutta

水池经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.73] āvuso catutthaṃ udakarahadasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第四《水池经》的呢？

Vi – catuttha bhante udakarahadasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave udakarahadā. Katame cattāro, uttāno gambhīrobhāso, gambhīro uttānobhāso, uttāno uttānobhāso, gambhīro gambhīrobhāso, ime kho bhikkhave cattāro udakarahadā. Evameva kho bhikkhave cattāro udakarahadūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro, uttāno gambhīrobhāso, gambhīro uttānobhāso, uttāno uttānobhāso, gambhīro gambhīrobhāso’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，世尊以“诸比丘，有此四种水池。是哪四种呢？浅而显深者，深而显浅者，浅而显浅者，深而显深者。诸比丘，此即四种水池。诸比丘，正如此，世间有此四种如水池的人存在。是哪四种呢？浅而显深者，深而显浅者，浅而显浅者，深而显深者。”等文句宣说了第四《水池经》。

Mūsikasutta

鼠经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.76] āvuso sattamaṃ mūsikasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第七《鼠经》的呢？

Vi – sattamaṃ bhante mūsikasuttaṃ ‘‘catasso imā bhikkhave mūsikā. Katamā catasso, gādhaṃ kattā no vasitā, vasitā no gādhaṃ kattā, neva gādhaṃ kattā no vasitā, gādhaṃ kattā ca vasitā ca. Imā kho bhikkhave catasso mūsikā. Evameva kho bhikkhave cattāro mūsikūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro, gādhaṃ kattā no vasitā, vasitā no gādhaṃ kattā, neva gādhaṃ kattā no vasitā, gādhaṃ kattā ca vasitā cā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

答复——尊者，世尊以“诸比丘，有此四种鼠。是哪四种呢？造穴而不居者，居住而不造穴者，既不造穴亦不居住者，既造穴亦居住者。诸比丘，此即四种鼠。诸比丘，正如此，世间有此四种如鼠的人存在。是哪四种呢？造穴而不居者，居住而不造穴者，既不造穴亦不居住者，既造穴亦居住者。”等文句宣说了第七《鼠经》。

Balībaddhasutta

力牛经

Pu – saṃgītāpi [Pg.79] āvuso aṅguttaranikāyato kānici suttāni uddharitvā paṭipucchissāmi bahujanassa sutavuḍḍhiyā. Saṃgīte āvuso aṅguttaranikāye catukkanipāte valāhakavagge aṭṭhamaṃ balībaddhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，为了大众听闻增长，我也会从增支部选取一些经文来提问。贤友，在增支部第四集云品中，第八部《力牛经》世尊是如何宣说的？

Vi – valāhakavagge bhante aṭṭhamaṃ balībaddhasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave balībaddhā. Katame cattāro, sagavacaṇḍo no paragavacaṇḍo, paragavacaṇḍo no sagavacaṇḍo, sagavacaṇḍo ca paragavacaṇḍo ca, neva sagavacaṇḍo no paragavacaṇḍo. Ime kho bhikkhave cattāro balībaddhā. Evameva kho bhikkhave cattāro balībaddhūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在云品中，第八部《力牛经》，世尊如此宣说：“诸比丘，有这四种力牛。是哪四种呢？一种是对自群凶猛，而非对异群凶猛；一种是对异群凶猛，而非对自群凶猛；一种是对自群与异群皆凶猛；一种是对自群与异群皆不凶猛。诸比丘，这就是四种力牛。同样地，诸比丘，世间有四种像力牛的人。”世尊以如是等方式宣说。

Kesisutta

克西经

Pu – kesivagge [Pg.82] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ kesisuttaṃ bhagavatā kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在克西品中，第一部《克西经》是世尊针对谁，在什么事情上，以及如何宣说的呢？

Vi – kesiṃ bhante assadammasārathiṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Kesi bhante assadammasārathi bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘bhagavā pana bhante anuttaro purisadammasārathi, kathaṃ pana bhante bhagavā purisadammaṃ vinetī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘ahaṃ kho kesi purisadammaṃ saṇhenapi vinemi, pharusenapi vinemi, saṇhapharusenapi vinemi. Tatridaṃ kesi saṇhasmiṃ – iti kāyasucaritaṃ iti kāyasucaritassa vipāko, iti vacīsucaritaṃ iti vacīsucaritassa [Pg.83] vipāko, iti manosucaritaṃ iti manosucaritassa vipāko, iti devā iti manussā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，这是针对调马师克西所宣说的。尊者，调马师克西对世尊说：“尊者，世尊您是无上的调御丈夫之师，尊者，世尊您是如何调御丈夫的呢？”尊者，关于这件事，世尊说：“克西，我以柔软调伏，以粗暴调伏，以柔软和粗暴兼施来调伏。克西，柔软调伏是这样：这是身善行，这是身善行之果报；这是语善行，这是语善行之果报；这是意善行，这是意善行之果报；这是诸天，这是人类。”世尊以如是等方式宣说。

‘‘Tvaṃ khosi kesi paññāto assadammasārathīti, kathaṃ pana tvaṃ kesi assadammasārathi’’ –

“克西，你被称为调马师，那么，克西，你如何调伏马呢？”

‘‘Ahaṃ kho bhante assadammaṃ saṇhenapi vinemi, pharusenapi vinemi, saṇhapharusenapi vinemi’’ –

“尊者，我调伏马的时候，以柔软调伏，以粗暴调伏，以柔软和粗暴兼施来调伏。”

‘‘Sace [Pg.84] te kesi assadammo saṇhena vinayaṃ na upeti, pharusena vinayaṃ na upeti, saṇhapharusena vinayaṃ na upeti, kinti naṃ karosi’’ –

“克西，如果有一匹劣马，以柔软调伏不能调伏，以粗暴调伏不能调伏，以柔软和粗暴兼施来调伏也不能调伏，你将如何处置它呢？”

‘‘Bhagavā pana bhante anuttaro purisadammasārathi, kathaṃ pana bhante bhagavā purisadammaṃ vineti’’ –

“尊者，世尊您是无上的调御丈夫之师，尊者，世尊您是如何调御丈夫的呢？”

Na 0.0087 kho bhante bhagavato pāṇātipāto kappati, atha ca pana bhagavā evamāha ‘‘hanāmi naṃ kesī’’ti.

“尊者，世尊确实不允许杀生，但世尊却这样说：‘我要杀死他，克西！’”

Attānuvādasutta

自责经

Pu – bhayavagge [Pg.89] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ attānuvādasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在怖畏品中，世尊是如何宣说第一部《自责经》的？

Vi – bhayavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ attānuvādasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārimāni bhikkhave bhayāni. Katamāni cattāri, attānuvādabhayaṃ parānuvādabhayaṃ daṇḍabhayaṃ duggatibhaya’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在怖畏品中，第一部《自责经》世尊如此宣说：“诸比丘，有这四种怖畏。哪四种呢？自责的怖畏、他责的怖畏、刑罚的怖畏、恶趣的怖畏。”世尊如此宣说。

Dhammakathikasutta

说法者经

Pu – idāni [Pg.92] āvuso bahujanassa sutavuḍḍhiyā saṃgītā aṅguttaranikāyatopi kānici suttāni uddharitvā paṭipucchissāmi, saṃgīte āvuso aṅguttaranikāye catukkanipāte puggalavagge navamaṃ dhammakathikasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，现在为了大众的听闻增长，我要从增支部选取一些经文来提问。贤友，在增支部第四集人品中，第九部《说法者经》世尊是如何宣说的？

Vi – puggalavagge bhante navamaṃ dhammakathikasuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave dhammakathikā. Katame cattāro, idha bhikkhave ekacco dhammakathiko appañca bhāsati asahitañca, parisā cassa na kusalā hoti sahitāsahitassa. Evarūpo bhikkhave dhammakathiko evarūpāya parisāya dhammakathikotveva saṅkhaṃ gacchatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在人品中，第九部《说法者经》世尊如此宣说：“诸比丘，有四种说法者。是哪四种呢？诸比丘，于此，有一种说法者，说得少且不连贯，而他的听众也不能善巧地分辨连贯与不连贯。诸比丘，这样的说法者对于这样的听众来说，就算作是说法者了。”世尊如此宣说。

Rogasutta

病经

Pu – indriyavagge [Pg.95] pana āvuso sattamaṃ rogasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在根品中，世尊是如何宣说第七部《病经》的呢？

Vi – sattamaṃ bhante rogasuttaṃ ‘‘dveme bhikkhave rogā. Katame dve, kāyiko ca rogo, cetasiko ca rogo. Dissanti bhikkhave sattā kāyikena rogena ekampi vassaṃ ārogyaṃ paṭijānamānā dvepi vassāni tīṇipi vassāni cattāripi vassāni pañcapi vassāni dasapi vassāni vīsampi vassāni tiṃsampi vassāni cattārīsampi vassāni paññāsampi vassāni ārogyaṃ paṭijānamānā vassasatampi bhiyyopi ārogyaṃ paṭijānamānā. Te bhikkhave sattā sudullabhā lokasmiṃ, ye cetasikena rogena muhuttampi ārogyaṃ paṭijānanti aññatra khīṇāsavehī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，第七部《病经》世尊如此宣说：“诸比丘，这有两种病。哪两种？身体的病和心的病。诸比丘，可见有众生自称身体无病一年、两年、三年、四年、五年、十年、二十年、三十年、四十年、五十年，乃至一百年或更久。诸比丘，然而在这世间，除了诸漏已尽者，能自称心无病哪怕片刻的众生，也极其难得。”世尊如此宣说。

Cattārome 0.0096 bhikkhave pabbajitassa rogā.

诸比丘，出家者有四种病。

Yuganaddhasutta

双轭经

Pu – paṭipadāvagge [Pg.98] āvuso dasamaṃ yuganaddhasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在行道品中，第十《双轭经》是在何处、针对何人、由谁，并以何种方式说的呢？

Vi – kosambiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘yo hi koci āvuso bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā mama santike arahattappattiṃ byākaroti, sabbo so catūhi maggehi etesaṃ vā aññatarenā’’ti evamādinā bhante āyasmatā ānandattherena dhammabhaṇḍāgārikena bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在憍赏弥(Kosambī)，具寿阿难长老，作为法藏守护者，针对众多比丘这样说道：“贤友们，无论哪位比丘或比丘尼在我面前宣称证得阿罗汉果，都是通过四道，或其中之一。”

Pāṭibhogasutta

保证经

Pu – brāhmaṇavagge [Pg.101] pana āvuso dutiyaṃ pāṭibhogasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在婆罗门品中，世尊是如何宣说第二《保证经》的呢？

Vi – brāhmaṇavagge bhante dutiyaṃ pāṭibhogasuttaṃ ‘‘catunnaṃ bhikkhave dhammānaṃ natthi koci pāṭibhogo samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmi’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在婆罗门品中，第二《保证经》是世尊这样说的：“诸比丘，对于四法，没有沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵天或世间任何者能作保证。”

Sutasutta

闻经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.103] āvuso tatiyaṃ sutasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，就在那里，世尊是在何处、针对何人、因何事，并以何种方式说了这第三《闻经》呢？

Vi – rājagahe bhante vassakāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ magadhamahāmattaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Vassakāro bhante brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘ahañhi bho gotama evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhi yo koci diṭṭhaṃ bhāsati ‘evaṃ me diṭṭha’nti, natthi tato doso. Yo koci sutaṃ bhāsati ‘evaṃ me suta’nti, natthi tato doso’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘nāhaṃ brāhmaṇa sabbaṃ diṭṭhaṃ ‘bhāsitabba’nti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ brāhmaṇa sabbaṃ diṭṭhaṃ ‘na bhāsitabba’nti vadāmi, nāhaṃ brāhmaṇa sabbaṃ sutaṃ ‘bhāsitabba’nti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ brāhmaṇa sabbaṃ sutaṃ ‘na bhāsitabba’nti vadāmī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，此经是在王舍城(Rājagaha)，针对摩揭陀(Magadha)大臣婆罗门雨行(Vassakāra)所说。尊者，摩揭陀大臣婆罗门雨行对世尊这样说：“贤者乔达摩，我持此说、此见：任何人说其所见‘我如是见’，于此无过。任何人说其所闻‘我如是闻’，于此无过。”尊者，关于此事，世尊这样说：“婆罗门，我不说一切所见‘皆应说’；婆罗门，我也不说一切所见‘皆不应说’。婆罗门，我不说一切所闻‘皆应说’；婆罗门，我也不说一切所闻‘皆不应说’。”

Abhayasutta

无畏经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.106] āvuso catukkanipāte brāhmaṇavagge catutthaṃ abhayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《增支部》四集的婆罗门品中，世尊是针对何人、因何事，并以何种方式宣说第四《无畏经》的呢？

Vi – brāhmaṇavagge bhante catutthaṃ abhayasuttaṃ jāṇussoṇiṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Jāṇussoṇi bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘natthi yo maraṇadhammo samāno na bhāyati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘atthi brāhmaṇa maraṇadhammo samāno bhāyati, santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa. Atthi pana brāhmaṇa maraṇadhammo samāno na bhāyati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在婆罗门品中，第四《无畏经》是针对生闻(Jāṇussoṇi)婆罗门所说。尊者，生闻婆罗门对世尊这样说：“没有哪个有死法者，于死不害怕、不恐惧。”尊者，关于此事，世尊这样说：“婆罗门，有具死法者，于死会害怕、会恐惧。婆罗门，但也有具死法者，于死不害怕、不恐惧。”

Sotānugatasutta

随顺听闻经

Pu – mahāvagge [Pg.113] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ sotānugatasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在大品中，世尊是如何宣说第一《随顺听闻经》的呢？

Vi – mahāvagge bhante paṭhamaṃ sotānugatasuttaṃ ‘‘sotānugatānaṃ bhikkhave dhammānaṃ vacasā paricitānaṃ manasānupekkhitānaṃ diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhānaṃ cattāro ānisaṃsā pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在大品中，第一《随顺听闻经》是世尊这样说的：“诸比丘，对于随顺听闻之法，以言语熟习，以心随观，以见善通达，有四种功德可以预期。”

Ayaṃ [Pg.115] vā so dhammavinayo, yatthāhaṃ pubbe brahmacariyaṃ acariṃ.

这就是那法与律，我过去曾在其中修梵行。

Bhaddiyasutta

跋提经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.118] āvuso catukkanipāte mahāvagge tatiyaṃ bhaddiyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《增支部》四集大品中，世尊是在哪里、为了谁、基于什么事、以及如何宣说第三《跋提经》的呢？

Vi – vesāliyaṃ bhante bhaddiyaṃ licchavi ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Bhaddiyo bhante licchavi bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ bhante ‘māyāvī samaṇo gotamo āvaṭṭaniṃ māyaṃ jānāti, yāya aññatitthiyānaṃ sāvake āvaṭṭetī’ti. Ye te bhante evamāhaṃsu ‘māyāvī samaṇo gotamo āvaṭṭaniṃ māyaṃ jānāti, yāya aññatitthiyānaṃ sāvake āvaṭṭetī’ti…pe… anabbhakkhātukāmā [Pg.119] hi mayaṃ bhante bhagavanta’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘etha tumhe bhaddiya mā anussavena mā paramparāya mā itikirāya mā piṭakasampadānena mā takkahetu mā nayahetu mā ākāravitakkena mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā mā bhabbarūpatāya mā samaṇo no garūti. Yadā tumhe bhaddiya attanāva jāneyyātha ‘ime dhammā akusalā, ime dhammā sāvajjā, ime dhammā viññū garahitā, ime dhammā samattā samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattantī’ti. Atha tumhe bhaddiya pajaheyyāthā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，此法是在毗舍离(Vesālī)为跋提(Bhaddiya)利车人而说。尊者，跋提利车人对世尊这样说：“尊者，我听说：‘沙门乔达摩是个幻术师，他知道一种转变人心的幻术，用它来转变其他教派的弟子。’尊者，那些如此说‘沙门乔达摩是个幻术师……’的人……”尊者，关于此事，世尊如此开示：“来，跋提，你们不要因随闻、不要因传承、不要因传说、不要因合乎经藏、不要因逻辑、不要因推论、不要因对表象的思考、不要因审虑后接受某个见解、不要因看似可能、也不要因为‘此沙门是我们的导师’而接受。跋提，当你们自己知道：‘这些法是不善的，这些法是有过失的，这些法是智者所谴责的，这些法若被奉行，会导致不利与痛苦’，那时，跋提，你们就应舍弃它们。”世尊就是这样说的。

Pu – imissā [Pg.126] ca pana āvuso desanāya desitāya bhaddiyassa licchavissa kīdiso dhammasavanānisaṃso adhigato. Kathañca naṃ bhagavā anuyuñjitvā taṃ vacanaṃ viniveṭhesi.

贤友，听闻此开示后，跋提利车人获得了什么样的听法功德？世尊又是如何诘问，使他去除那种说法的呢？

Vi – imissā bhante dhammadesanāya desitāya bhaddiyassa licchavissa sotāpattiphalasaṅkhāto dhammasavanānisaṃso adhigato. Api nu tāhaṃ bhaddiya evaṃ avacaṃ ‘‘ehi me tvaṃ bhaddiya sāvako hohi, ahaṃ satthā bhavissāmī’’ti evamādinā ca naṃ bhante bhagavā paṭipucchitvā anuyuñjitvā taṃ vacanaṃ viniveṭhesi.

尊者，听闻此法说后，跋提利车人获得了名为须陀洹果的听法功德。尊者，世尊通过反问与诘问，如：“跋提，我可曾对你这样说：‘来，跋提，做我的弟子，我来做你的导师’？”等，使他去除了那种说法。

Mallikādevīsutta

茉莉夫人经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.129] āvuso sattamaṃ mallikādevīsuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，第七《茉莉夫人经》是世尊在哪里、为了谁、于何事、以及如何宣说的呢？

Vi – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante mallikādeviṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Mallikā bhante devī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘ko nu kho bhante hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekacco mātugāmo dubbaṇṇā ca hoti durūpā supāpikā dassanāya, daliddā ca hoti appassakā appabhogā appesakkhā ca…pe… ko pana bhante hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekacco mātugāmo abhirūpā ca hoti dassanīyā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā, aḍḍhā ca hoti mahaddhanā mahābhogā mahesakkhā cā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘idha mallike mātugāmo kodhanā hoti upāyāsabahulā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，是在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)针对茉莉夫人所说。尊者，茉莉夫人对世尊这样说：“尊者，是何因何缘，世间有些女人相貌丑陋、形象难看、令人不悦，并且贫穷、少财、少福、没有势力……尊者，又是何因何缘，世间有些女人相貌美丽、端庄、令人喜爱，具备最上等的姿色，并且富裕、大富、大贵、有大势力呢？”尊者，关于此事，世尊以‘茉莉，于此，有女人易怒、多恼……’等文句开始宣说。

Dasakammasutta

十业经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.134] āvuso catukkanipāte sappurisavagge catutthaṃ dasakammasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《增支部·四集·善士品》中，世尊是如何宣说第四《十业经》的？

Vi – sappurisavagge [Pg.135] bhante catutthaṃ dasakammasuttaṃ ‘‘asappurisañca vo bhikkhave desessāmi asappurisena asappurisatarañca sappurisañca sappurisena sappurisatarañca, taṃ suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karothā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在善士品中，世尊以“诸比丘，我将为你们宣说非善士与比非善士更非善士者，以及善士与比善士更善士者。你们当听，当善作意。”等文句，宣说了第四《十业经》。

Parisāsutta

会众经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.137] āvuso parisāvagge paṭhamaṃ parisāsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，就在那会众品中，世尊是如何宣说第一《会众经》的？

Vi – parisāvagge bhante paṭhamaṃ parisāsuttaṃ ‘‘cattārome bhikkhave parisadūsanā. Katame cattāro, bhikkhu bhikkhave dussīlo pāpadhammo parisadūsano, bhikkhunī bhikkhave dussīlā pāpadhammā parisadūsanā, upāsako bhikkhave dussīlo pāpadhammo parisadūsano, upāsikā bhikkhave dussīlā pāpadhammā parisadūsanā. Ime kho bhikkhave cattāro parisadūsanā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在会众品中，世尊以“诸比丘，有此等四种会众的污染者。是哪四种呢？诸比丘，恶戒、恶法的比丘是会众的污染者；诸比丘，恶戒、恶法的比丘尼是会众的污染者；诸比丘，恶戒、恶法的优婆塞是会众的污染者；诸比丘，恶戒、恶法的优婆夷是会众的污染者。诸比丘，此即四种会众的污染者。”等文句，宣说了第一《会众经》。

Sekhabalavagga

有学力品

Saṃkhittasutta

略说经

Pu – pañcakanipāte [Pg.139] pana āvuso paṭhame sekhabalavagge paṭhamaṃ saṃkhittasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友！在《增支部》第五集第一有学力品中，世尊在何处、缘何人、以何方式宣说了第一部《略说经》？

Vi – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave sekhabalāni. Katamāni pañca, saddhābalaṃ hirībalaṃ ottappabalaṃ vīriyabalaṃ paññābalaṃ. Imāni kho bhikkhave pañca sekhabalānī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，世尊缘于众多比丘，宣说了：“诸比丘，有五种有学力。是哪五种呢？信力、惭力、愧力、精进力、慧力。诸比丘，此即五种有学力。”

Dukkhasutta

苦经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.140] āvuso tatiyaṃ dukkhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说那第三部《苦经》的呢？

Vi – tatiyaṃ bhante dukkhasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati savighātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā. Katamehi pañcahi, idha bhikkhave bhikkhu asaddho hoti ahiriko hoti, anottappī hoti, kusīto hoti, duppañño hotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，第三部《苦经》中，世尊宣说：“诸比丘，具足五法的比丘，于现法中住于痛苦，有恼害、有忧愁、有热恼，身坏命终后，可预期会到恶趣。是哪五法呢？诸比丘，于此，比丘无信、无惭、无愧、懈怠、无慧。”

Samāpattisutta

等至经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.142] āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ samāpattisuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说那第六部《等至经》的呢？

Vi – chaṭṭhaṃ bhante samāpattisuttaṃ ‘‘na tāva bhikkhave akusalassa samāpatti hoti, yāva saddhā paccupaṭṭhitā hoti kusalesu dhammesu. Yato ca kho bhikkhave saddhā antarahitā hoti asaddhiyaṃ pariyuṭṭhāya tiṭṭhati, atha akusalassa samāpatti hotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，第六部《等至经》中，世尊宣说：“诸比丘，只要于善法中的信心还现前，不善法就不会生起。诸比丘，但当信心消失，不信占据内心时，不善法就会生起。”

Kāmasutta

欲经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.143] āvuso sattamaṃ kāmasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说那第七部《欲经》的呢？

Vi – sattamaṃ bhante kāmasuttaṃ ‘‘yebhuyyena bhikkhave sattā kāmesu laḷitā. Asitabyābhaṅgiṃ bhikkhave kulaputto ohāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, saddhāpabbajito kulaputtoti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，第七部《欲经》中，世尊宣说：“诸比丘，大部分众生都耽于欲乐。诸比丘，若有良家子舍弃乌黑的头发，从在家出家，过无家生活，就足以称他为‘因信出家的良家子’了。”

Vimuttāyatanasutta

解脱处经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.146] pañcakanipāte pañcaṅgikavagge chaṭṭhaṃ vimuttāyatanasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

在《增支部》五集五支品中，世尊如何宣说第六部《解脱处经》的呢？

Vi – pañcaṅgikavagge bhante chaṭṭhaṃ vimuttāyatanasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave vimuttāyatanāni, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā vā āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在五支品中，第六部《解脱处经》宣说：“诸比丘，有五种解脱处，比丘于此不放逸、勇猛、精勤而住，未解脱的心得以解脱，未灭尽的诸漏得以灭尽，未证得的无上安稳得以证得。”

Caṅkamasutta

经行经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.150] āvuso navamaṃ caṅkamasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第九《经行经》的呢？

Vi – navamaṃ bhante caṅkamasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave caṅkame ānisaṃsā. Katame pañca, addhānakkhamo hoti, padhānakkhamo hoti, appābādho [Pg.151] hoti, asitaṃ pītaṃ khāyitaṃ sāyitaṃ sammā pariṇāmaṃ gacchati, caṅkamādhigato samādhi ciraṭṭhitiko hoti. Ime kho bhikkhave pañca caṅkame ānisaṃsā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，第九《经行经》是这样说的：“诸比丘，经行有这五种利益。哪五种呢？能耐长途跋涉，能耐精勤修行，少病，吃喝嚼尝之物善能消化，经行所证得的禅定能保持长久。诸比丘，这就是经行的五种利益。”尊者，世尊就是这样说的。

Sumanasutta

苏摩那经

Pu – sumanavagge [Pg.152] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ sumanasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《苏摩那品》中，世尊在何处、为了谁、基于何事、如何宣说了第一《苏摩那经》？

Vi – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sumanaṃ rājakumāriṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Sumanā bhante rājakumārī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘idhassu bhante bhagavato dve sāvakā samasaddhā samasīlā samapaññā eko dāyako eko adāyako. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyyuṃ. Devabhūtānaṃ pana nesaṃ bhante siyā viseso siyā nānākaraṇa’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘yo so sumane dāyako, so amhaṃ adāyakaṃ devabhūto samāno pañcahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhāti, dibbena āyunā dibbena vaṇṇena dibbena sukhena dibbena yasena dibbena ādhipateyyena. Yo so sumane dāyako, so amhaṃ adāyakaṃ devabhūto samāno imehi pañcahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhātī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，这是在舍卫城时，针对苏摩那公主(Sumanā rājakumārī)所说的。尊者，苏摩那公主对世尊这样说：“世尊，这里有两位弟子，他们有相同的信、相同的戒、相同的智慧，一位是布施者，一位不是布施者。他们身坏命终之后，都投生到善趣天界。尊者，他们成为天神之后，会有差别吗？会有不同吗？”尊者，关于这件事，世尊这样说：“苏摩那，那位布施者成为天神后，会在五个方面胜过非布施者，即天寿、天色、天乐、天名声、天主权。苏摩那，那位布施者成为天神后，会在这五个方面胜过非布施者。”尊者，世尊就是这样说的。

‘‘Yathāpi [Pg.156] cando vimalo, gacchaṃ ākāsadhātuyā;

Sabbe tārāgaṇe loke, ābhāya atirocati;

Tatheva sīlasampanno, saddho purisapuggalo;

Sabbe maccharino loke, cāgena atirocati’’–

“正如皎洁无瑕的月亮，在虚空中运行，以其光辉超越世间所有星辰；同样地，具足戒行、有信心的个人，以其布施超越世间所有悭吝之人。”

Uggahasutta

优伽诃经

Pu – tattheva āvuso tatiyaṃ uggahasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里，在何处、为了谁、基于何事、如何宣说了第三《优伽诃经》？

Vi – tatiyaṃ bhante uggahasuttaṃ bhaddiye uggahaṃ meṇḍakanattāraṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Uggaho bhante meṇḍakanattā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘imā me bhante kumāriyo patikulāni gamissanti, ovadatu tāsaṃ bhante bhagavā, anusāsatu tāsaṃ bhante bhagavā, yaṃ tāsaṃ assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘tasmātiha kumāriyo evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ’’ yassa vo mātāpitaro bhattuno dassanti atthakāmā hitesino anukampakā anukampaṃ upādāya, tassa bhavissāma pubbuṭṭhāyino [Pg.157] pacchānipātiniyo kiṃ kārapaṭissāviniyo manāpacāriniyo piyavādiniyo’ti. Evañhi vo kumāriyo sikkhitabba’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，第三《优伽诃经》是在跋提耶，针对门达迦之孙优伽诃(Uggaha Meṇḍakanattā)所说的。尊者，门达迦之孙优伽诃对世尊这样说：“世尊，我的这些女儿们将前往夫家，愿世尊教诫她们，愿世尊训示她们，那将为她们带来长久的利益和安乐。”尊者，关于这件事，世尊这样说：“因此，女儿们，你们应当这样学习：‘我们的父母出于善意、为了利益、出于怜悯而慈悲地将我们嫁给哪位丈夫，对于他，我们将早起晚睡，听从吩咐，行为举止令人愉悦，言语亲切。’女儿们，你们应当这样学习。”尊者，世尊就是这样说的。

Sīhasenāpatisutta

师子将军经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.160] āvuso pañcakanipāte sumanavagge catutthaṃ sīhasenāpatisuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《增支部》五集中《善贤品》里，世尊在何处、针对谁、于何事、如何宣说了第四《师子将军经》？

Vi – vesāliyaṃ bhante sīhaṃ senāpatiṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Sīho bhante senāpati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘sakkā nu kho bhante sandiṭṭhikaṃ dānaphalaṃ paññāpetu’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘sakkā sīha, dāyako sīha dānapati bahuno janassa piyo hoti manāpo’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，此乃世尊在毗舍离(Vesālī)针对师子将军所说。尊者，师子将军对世尊如是说：“尊者，布施的果报能够被当世亲自见到吗？”尊者，关于此事，世尊宣说了“师子，是可能的。师子，布施者、施主为众人所喜爱、所悦意。”等语。

Kāladānasutta

适时布施经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.164] āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ kāladānasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第六《适时布施经》的呢？

Vi – chaṭṭhaṃ [Pg.165] bhante kāladānasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave kāladānāni. Katamāni pañca, āgantukassa dānaṃ deti, gamikassa dānaṃ deti, gilānassa dānaṃ deti, dubbhikkhe dānaṃ deti, yāni tāni navasassāni navaphalāni, tāni paṭhamaṃ sīlavantesu patiṭṭhāpeti. Imāni kho bhikkhave pañca kāladānānī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说了第六《适时布施经》，内容如下：“诸比丘，有此五种适时布施。是哪五种呢？布施给来客，布施给远行者，布施给病人，在饥荒时布施，以及将新谷、新果首先供养给具戒者。诸比丘，这即是五种适时布施。”等语。

Bhojanasutta

食物经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.166] āvuso sattamaṃ bhojanasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第七《食物经》的呢？

Vi – sattamaṃ bhante bhojanasuttaṃ ‘‘bhojanaṃ bhikkhave dadamāno dāyako paṭiggāhakānaṃ pañca ṭhānāni deti. Katamāni pañca, āyuṃ deti, vaṇṇaṃ deti, sukhaṃ deti, balaṃ deti, paṭibhānaṃ deti. Āyuṃ kho pana datvā āyussa bhāgī hoti dibbassa vā mānusassa vā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说了第七《食物经》，内容如下：“诸比丘，布施食物者，是给予领受者五事。是哪五事呢？给予寿命，给予容色，给予安乐，给予力量，给予辩才。他因给予寿命，而得以分享天上或人间的寿命。”等语。

Puttasutta

子经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.167] āvuso navamaṃ puttasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里是如何宣说第九《子经》的呢？

Vi – navamaṃ bhante puttasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave ṭhānāni sampassanto mābhāpitaro puttaṃ icchanti kule jāyamānaṃ. Katamāni pañca,

尊者，世尊宣说了第九《子经》，内容如下：“诸比丘，父母因看到此五事，而希望儿子在家中出生。是哪五事呢？

Bhato [Pg.168] vā no bharissati, kiccaṃ vā no karissati, kulavaṃso ciraṃ ṭhassati, dāyajjaṃ paṭipajjissatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

“曾受我等抚养，他将回报奉养；或为我等服务，家系长久存续，继承家业。”等语。

Nāradasutta

那罗达经

Pu – muṇḍarājavagge [Pg.169] panāvuso dasamaṃ nāradasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在蒙达王品中，第十部《那罗达经》是在哪里，为了什么人，关于什么事，被谁以什么方式讲述的呢？

Vi – pāṭaliputte bhante muṇḍaṃ rājānaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Muṇḍassa bhante rañño bhaddā devī kālaṅkatā hoti piyā manāpā. So bhaddāya deviyā kālaṅkatāya piyāya manāpāya neva nhāyati na vilimpati na bhattaṃ bhuñjati, na kammantaṃ payojeti, rattindivaṃ bhaddāya deviyā sarīre ajjhomucchito. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘pañcimāni mahārāja alabbhanīyāni ṭhānāni samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmi’’nti evamādinā bhante āyasmatā nāradattherena rañño pasenadissa kosalassa bhagavatā desitaniyāmena desitaṃ.

尊者，在华氏城，这是缘于蒙达王而说的。尊者，蒙达王心爱、可意的跋陀王后去世了。因其王后去世，国王既不沐浴也不涂香，不进食，也不处理公务，日夜都执着于跋陀王后的遗体。尊者，就此事，具寿那罗达长老依照世尊为憍萨罗国波斯匿王所教导的法要，宣说了：“大王，有五处是沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵天或世间的任何人都无法获得的”等等。

Ko [Pg.175] nāmo ayaṃ bhante dhammapariyāyo.

尊者，这部法门叫什么名字？

Taggha bhante sokasallaharaṇo.

确实，尊者，这是拔除忧愁之箭的法门。

Samayasutta

时经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.176] āvuso pañcakanipāte nīvaraṇavagge catutthaṃ samayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在增支部五集《盖品》中，第四部《时经》是世尊如何讲述的？

Vi – nīvaraṇavagge bhante catutthaṃ samayasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave asamayā padhānāya. Katame pañca, idha bhikkhave bhikkhu jiṇṇo hoti jarāyābhibhūto. Ayaṃ bhikkhave paṭhamo asamayo padhānāyā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在《盖品》第四《时经》中，世尊如此宣说：“诸比丘，有五种不适合精勤的时机。是哪五种呢？在此，诸比丘，比丘年老，为衰老所征服。诸比丘，这是第一种不适合精勤的时机。”等等。

Ṭhānasutta

处经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.180] āvuso sattamaṃ ṭhānasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里宣说的第七部《处经》是怎样的？

Vi – sattamaṃ bhante ṭhānasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave ṭhānāni abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabbāni itthiyā vā purisena vā gahaṭṭhena vā pabbajitena vā. Katamāni pañca, jarādhammomhi jaraṃ anatītoti abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ itthiyā vā purisena vā gahaṭṭhena vā pabbajitena vā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在第七《处经》中，世尊如此宣说：“诸比丘，有五处应当常常省察，无论是女人或男人，在家者或出家者。是哪五种呢？‘我身有老法，未能超越老’，无论是女人或男人，在家者或出家者，都应当常常如此省察。”等等。

Dhammavihārīsutta

法住者经

Pu – yodhājīvavagge [Pg.185] panāvuso tatiyaṃ dhammavihārisuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《战士品》中，世尊是如何宣说第三部《法住者经》的呢？

Vi – yodhājīvavagge bhante tatiyaṃ dhammavihārisuttaṃ ‘‘idha bhikkhu bhikkhu dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇāti suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthaṃ udānaṃ dutivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallaṃ, so tāya dhammapariyattiyā divasaṃ atināmeti, riñcati paṭisallānaṃ, nānuyuñjati ajjhattaṃ cetosamathaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhu bhikkhu pariyattibahulo no dhammavihārī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在《战士品》第三《法住者经》中，世尊如此宣说：“在此，有比丘学习法，即：契经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、广解。他以学习此法度日，舍弃独处，不勤修内心的止息。此比丘被称为多闻者，而非法住者。”等等。

Dhammavihārī dhammavihārīti bhante vuccati, kittāvatā nu kho bhante bhikkhu dhammavihārī hoti.

尊者，被称为“法住者”，到底比丘如何才是法住者呢？

Dutiyaanāgatabhayasutta

第二未来怖畏经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.188] āvuso pañcakanipāte yodhājīvavagge aṭṭhamaṃ dutiyaanāgatabhayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友！在增支部(Aṅguttara Nikāya)五集(Pañcaka Nipāta)战士品(Yodhājīva Vagga)第八经中，世尊如何宣说第二未来怖畏经呢？

Vi – yodhājīvavagge bhante aṭṭhamaṃ dutiyaanāgatabhayasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave anāgatabhayāni sampassamānena alameva bhikkhunā appamattena ātāpinā pahitattena viharituṃ appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者！在战士品第八经第二未来怖畏经中，世尊宣说了以如下文句为开头的经文：“比丘们！比丘通过如实看见这五种未来的怖畏，就足以不放逸、热忱、精勤地安住，为了证得未证得的、通达未通达的、现证未现证的。”

Tatiyaanāgatabhayasutta

第三未来怖畏经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.193] āvuso navamaṃ tatiyaanāgatabhayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友！在那里，世尊如何宣说第九经第三未来怖畏经呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante navamaṃ katiyaanāgatabhayasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave anāgatabhayāni etarahi asamuppannāni āyatiṃ samuppajjissanti, tāni vo paṭibujjhitabbāni, paṭibujjhitvā ca tesaṃ pahānāya vāyamitabbaṃ. Katamāni pañca, bhavissanti bhikkhave bhikkhū anāgatamaddhānaṃ abhāvitakāyā abhāvitasīlā abhāvitacittā abhāvitapaññā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者！在那里，第九经第三未来怖畏经中，世尊宣说了以如下文句为开头的经文：“比丘们！有这五种未来怖畏，现在尚未生起，将来会生起。你们应当觉知它们，觉知后当努力断除它们。是哪五种呢？比丘们！在未来之时，将有比丘们身未修习、戒未修习、心未修习、慧未修习。”

Catutthaanāgatabhayasutta

第四未来怖畏经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.199] āvuso pañcakanipāte yodhājīvavagge dasamaṃ catutthaanāgatabhayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友！在增支部(Aṅguttara Nikāya)五集(Pañcaka Nipāta)战士品(Yodhājīva Vagga)第十经第四未来怖畏经中，世尊如何宣说呢？

Vi – yodhājīvavagge bhante dasamaṃ catutthaanāgatabhayasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave anāgatabhayāni etarahi asamuppannāni āyatiṃ samuppajjissanti, tāni vo paṭibujjhitabbāni, paṭibujjhitvā ca tesaṃ pahānāya vāyamitabba’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者！在战士品第十经第四未来怖畏经中，世尊宣说了以如下文句为开头的经文：“比丘们！有这五种未来怖畏，现在尚未生起，将来会生起。你们应当觉知它们，觉知后当努力断除它们。”

Kakudhavagga

迦俱陀品

Sīhasutta

狮子经

Pu – kakudhavagge [Pg.202] āvuso navamaṃ sīhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友！世尊在迦俱陀品第九经狮子经中如何宣说呢？

Vi – kakudhavagge bhante navamaṃ sīhasuttaṃ ‘‘sīho bhikkhave migarājā sāyanhasamayaṃ āsayā nikkhamati, āsayā nikkhamitvā vijambhati, vijambhitvā samantā catuddisaṃ anuviloketi, samantā catuddisaṃ anuviloketvā tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ nadatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者！在迦俱陀品第九经狮子经中，世尊宣说了以如下文句为开头的经文：“比丘们！狮子，兽中之王，在傍晚时分从住处出来；从住处出来后打呵欠；打呵欠后环顾四方；环顾四方后作三次狮子吼。”

Andhakavindavagga

安达咖文达品

Kulūpakasutta

亲近家经

Pu – andhakavindavagge [Pg.204] pana āvuso ‘‘paṭhamaṃ kulūpakasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在安达咖文达品中，世尊是如何宣说第一亲近家经的呢？

Vi – andhakavindavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ kulūpakasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato kulūpako bhikkhu kulesu appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo cā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在安达咖文达品中，世尊宣说第一亲近家经：“诸比丘，具备五种法的亲近家比丘，在俗家是不受欢迎、不合意、不被尊重、不被敬奉的。”世尊如是宣说。

Andhakavindasutta

安达咖文达经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.206] āvuso catutthaṃ andhakavindasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是在哪里、为了谁、以什么方式宣说第四安达咖文达经的呢？

Vi – magadhesu bhante andhakavinde āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ ārabbha ‘‘ye te ānanda bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, te vo ānanda bhikkhū pañcasu dhammesu samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在摩揭陀(Magadha)的安达咖文达，世尊就具寿阿难而说：“阿难，那些新出家、出家不久、刚来到这正法律中的比丘们，你们应当在五法中劝导他们、引导他们、安立他们。”世尊如是宣说。

Gilānavagga

病品

Satisūpaṭṭhitasutta

正念现起经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.208] āvuso pañcakanipāte gilānavagge dutiyaṃ satisūpaṭṭhitasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在增支部·五集·病品中，世尊是如何宣说第二正念现起经的呢？

Vi – gilānavagge bhante dutiyaṃ satisūpaṭṭhitasuttaṃ ‘‘yo hi koci bhikkhave bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā pañca dhamme bhāveti, pañca dhamme bahulīkaroti, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ ‘diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā’. Katame pañca, idha bhikkhave bhikkhuno ajjhattaññeva satisūpaṭṭhitā hotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在病品中，世尊宣说第二正念现起经：“诸比丘，任何比丘或比丘尼，修习五种法，勤修五种法，他有望获得两种果中的一种：在现法中得究竟智，或于有余依时证不还果。是哪五种呢？在此，诸比丘，比丘于内正念善立。”世尊如是宣说。

Upaṭṭhākasutta

照料者经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.209] āvuso tatiyaṃ upaṭṭhākasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊在那里是怎样宣说第三照料者经的呢？

Vi – tatiyaṃ [Pg.210] bhante upaṭṭhākasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato gilāno dūpaṭṭhāko hoti. Katamehi pañcahi, asappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṃ na jānāti, bhesajjaṃ nappaṭisevitā hotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说第三照料者经：“诸比丘，具备五种法的病人难以照料。是哪五种呢？做不适宜的事，对适宜之物不知分量，不服用药物。”世尊如是宣说。

Anāyussāsutta

不减寿经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.212] āvuso pañcamaṃ anāyussāsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说第五《不减寿经》的呢？

Vi – pañcamaṃ bhante anāyussāsuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave dhammā anāyussā. Katame pañca, asappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṃ na jānāti, apariṇatabhojī ca hoti, akālacārī ca hoti, abrahmacārī ca. Ime kho bhikkhave pañca dhammā anāyussā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说第五《不减寿经》：“诸比丘，有此五法，能使人不减寿。是哪五法呢？即：作适宜事，于适宜事知量，食已消化之食，非时不行，以及修持梵行。诸比丘，此五法能使人不减寿。”世尊如是宣说。

Samaṇasukhasutta

沙门乐经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.213] āvuso aṭṭhamaṃ samaṇasukhasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说第八《沙门乐经》的呢？

Vi – aṭṭhamaṃ bhante samaṇasukhasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave samaṇadukkhāni. Katamāni pañca, idha bhikkhave bhikkhu asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena cīvarena, asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena piṇḍapātena, asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena senāsanena, asantuṭṭho hoti itarītarena gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, anabhirato ca brahmacariyaṃ carati. Imāni kho bhikkhave pañca samaṇadukkhānī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说第八《沙门乐经》：“诸比丘，有此五种沙门之苦。是哪五种呢？于此，比丘不满足于任何衣服，不满足于任何饮食，不满足于任何住处，不满足于任何病缘医药资具，并且不乐于修习梵行。诸比丘，此即五种沙门之苦。”世尊如是宣说。

Byasanasutta

衰损经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.215] āvuso dasamaṃ byasanasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，世尊是如何宣说第十《衰损经》的呢？

Vi – dasamaṃ bhante byasanasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave byasanāni. Katamāni pañca, ñātibyasanaṃ bhogabyasanaṃ rogabyasanaṃ sīlabyasanaṃ diṭṭhibyasana’’nti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，世尊宣说第十《衰损经》：“诸比丘，有此五种衰损。是哪五种呢？即：亲属衰损、财富衰损、疾病衰损、戒衰损、见衰损。”世尊如是宣说。

Rājavagga

王品

Patthanāsutta

愿求经

Pu – rājavagge [Pg.217] pana āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ patthanāsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《王品》中，世尊是如何宣说第六《愿求经》的呢？

Vi – rājavagge bhante chaṭṭhaṃ patthanāsuttaṃ ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhave aṅgehi samannāgato rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa jeṭṭho putto oparajjaṃ patthetī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在《王品》中，世尊宣说第六《愿求经》：“诸比丘，刹帝利灌顶王的长子，若具足五种特质，则可愿求副王之位。”世尊如是宣说。

Sappurisadānasutta

善士施经

Pu – tikaṇḍakīvagge [Pg.221] āvuso aṭṭhamaṃ sappurisadānasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《三迦基品》(Tikaṇḍakīvagga)中，世尊是如何宣说第八《善士施经》的呢？

Vi – tikaṇḍakīvagge bhante aṭṭhamaṃ sappurisadānasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimāni bhikkhave sappurisadānāni. Katamāni pañca, saddhāya dānaṃ deti, sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ deti, kālena dānaṃ deti, anuggahitacitto dānaṃ deti, attānañca parañca anupahacca dānaṃ detī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在《三迦基品》中，世尊宣说第八《善士施经》：“诸比丘，有此五种善士之施。是哪五种呢？即：具信而施，恭敬而施，适时而施，以饶益心而施，不损害自他而施。”世尊如是宣说。

Saddhammavagga

正法品

Paṭhamasammattaniyāmasutta

第一正性必至经

Pu – saddhammavagge [Pg.224] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ sammattaniyāmasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《正法品》中，世尊是如何讲述第一《正性必至经》的呢？

Vi – saddhammavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ sammattaniyāmasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato sunakkhopi saddhammaṃ abhabbo niyāmaṃ okkamituṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṃ. Katamehi pañcahi, kathaṃ paribhoti, kathikaṃ paribhoti, attānaṃ paribhotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在《正法品》中，第一《正性必至经》世尊如此说：“比丘们，具足五法者，即使是善宿(Sunakkhatta)，也不能进入正法的确定性，不能在善法中获得正性。是哪五种呢？轻慢言说，轻慢说法者，轻慢自己。”

Paṭhamasaddhammasammosasutta

第一正法隐没经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.226] āvuso catutthaṃ paṭhamasaddhammasammosasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，就在那里，世尊是怎样宣说第四《第一正法隐没经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante catutthaṃ paṭhamasaddhammasammosasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame pañca, idha bhikkhave bhikkhū na sakkaccaṃ dhammaṃ suṇanti, na sakkaccaṃ dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti, na sakkaccaṃ dhammaṃ dhārenti, na sakkaccaṃ dhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthaṃ upaparikkhanti, na sakkaccaṃ atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammaṃ paṭipajjanti. Ime kho bhikkhave pañca dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattantī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，就在那里，第四《第一正法隐没经》世尊如此说：“比丘们，有这五种法会导致正法的隐没和消失。是哪五种呢？在此，比丘们不认真听闻佛法，不认真学习佛法，不认真受持佛法，不认真思维已受持佛法的意义，不认真领会意义和法义后依法随法修行。比丘们，这五种法会导致正法的隐没和消失。”

Dutiyasaddhammasammosasutta

第二正法隐没经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.228] āvuso pañcamaṃ dutiyasaddhammasammosasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，就在那里，世尊是怎样宣说第五《第二正法隐没经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante pañcamaṃ dutiyasaddhammasammosasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame pañca, idha bhikkhave bhikkhū dhammaṃ na pariyāpuṇanti suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthaṃ udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallaṃ. Ayaṃ bhikkhave paṭhamo dhammo saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，就在那里，第五《第二正法隐没经》世尊如此说：“比丘们，有这五种法会导致正法的隐没和消失。是哪五种呢？在此，比丘们不学习法，即：经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、智解。比丘们，这是第一种会导致正法的隐没和消失的法。”

Tatiyasaddhammasammosasutta

第三正法隐没经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.231] āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ tatiyasaddhammasammosasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，就在那里，世尊是怎样宣说第六《第三正法隐没经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante chaṭṭhaṃ tatiyasaddhammasammosasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame pañca, idha bhikkhave bhikkhū duggahitaṃ suttantaṃ pariyāpuṇanti dunnikkhittahi padabyañjanehi. Dunnikkhittassa bhikkhave padabyañjanassa atthopi dunnayo hoti. Ayaṃ bhikkhave paṭhamo dhammo saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，就在那里，第六《第三正法隐没经》世尊如此说：“比丘们，有此五法，会导致正法的隐没和消失。是哪五种呢？在此，比丘们错误地受持经文，词句错置。比丘们，词句错置，其义理也难以被正确引导。比丘们，这是第一种会导致正法的隐没和消失的法。”

Dukkatāsutta

恶说经

Pu – aṅguttaranikāye [Pg.237] āvuso pañcakanipāte saddhammavagge sattamaṃ dukkathāsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《增支部》五集《正法品》中，世尊是如何宣说第七《恶说经》的呢？

Vi – saddhammavagge bhante sattamaṃ dukkathāsuttaṃ ‘‘pañcannaṃ bhikkhave puggalānaṃ kathā dukkathā puggale puggalaṃ upanidhāya. Katamesaṃ pañcannaṃ, assaddhassa bhikkhave saddhākathā dukkathā, dussīlassa sīlakathā dukkathā, appassutassa bāhusaccakathā dukkathā, maccharissa cāgakathā dukkathā, duppaññassa paññākathā dukkathā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在《正法品》中，第七《恶说经》世尊如此说：“比丘们，有五种人的谈话是恶说，是就人而言。是哪五种呢？比丘们，对无信者说信心是恶说，对毁戒者说戒行是恶说，对寡闻者说博学是恶说，对悭吝者说舍施是恶说，对劣慧者说智慧是恶说。”

Udāyīsutta

优陀夷经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.240] āvuso navamaṃ udāyisuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，就在那里，世尊是在哪里、为了谁、因为什么事、怎样宣说了第九《优陀夷经》？

Vi – kosambiyaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Āyasmā bhante udāyī mahatiyā gīhiparisāya parivuto [Pg.241] dhammaṃ desento nisinno hoti. Addasā kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivutaṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ nisinnaṃ. Disvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘āyasmā bhante udāyī mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivuto dhammaṃ desetī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘na kho ānanda sukaraṃ paresaṃ dhammaṃ desetuṃ, paresaṃ ānanda dhammaṃ desentena pañca dhamme ajjhattaṃ upaṭṭhāpetvā paresaṃ dhammo desetabbo’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，此经是在憍赏弥(Kosambī)，因具寿优陀夷(Udāyī)而说的。尊者，当时具寿优陀夷被一大群在家众围绕而坐，正在说法。具寿阿难(Ānanda)看见具寿优陀夷被一大群在家众围绕说法，便前往世尊处，礼敬世尊后坐于一旁。坐于一旁的具寿阿难对世尊说：“世尊，具寿优陀夷正被一大群在家众围绕说法。”尊者，关于此事，世尊如此开示道：“阿难，为人说法并非易事。阿难，为人说法者应当在自身中确立五法，然后才应为人说法。”

Āghātavagga

忿恨品

Paṭhamaāghātapaṭivinayasutta

第一调伏忿恨经

Pu – āghātavagge [Pg.243] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ āghātapaṭivinayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

普：贤友，在《忿恨品》中，世尊是如何讲说第一《调伏忿恨经》的呢？

Vi – āghātavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ āghātapaṭivinayasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave āghātapaṭivinayā, yattha bhikkhuno uppanno āghāto sabbaso paṭivinetabbo. Katame pañca, yasmiṃ bhikkhave puggale āghāto jāyetha, mettā tasmiṃ puggale bhāvetabbā, evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

维：尊者，在《忿恨品》中，第一《调伏忿恨经》，世尊是这样说的：“诸比丘，有这五种调伏忿恨之法，若比丘生起忿恨，当完全调伏。是哪五种呢？诸比丘，若对某个人生起忿恨，应在那个人身上修习慈心，如此，对那个人的忿恨就能被调伏。”世尊是以如此等等的方式宣说的。

Upāsakavagga

优婆塞品

Caṇḍālasutta

旃陀罗经

Pu – upāsakavagge [Pg.245] pana āvuso pañcamaṃ caṇḍālasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

普：贤友，在《优婆塞品》中，世尊是如何讲述第五《旃陀罗经》的呢？

Vi – upāsakavagge bhante pañcamaṃ caṇḍālasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakacaṇḍālo ca [Pg.246] hoti upāsakamalañca upāsakapatikuṭṭho cā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

维：尊者，在《优婆塞品》中，第五《旃陀罗经》，世尊是这样说的：“诸比丘，具足五法的优婆塞，是优婆塞中的旃陀罗，是优婆塞中的污垢，也是为优婆塞所鄙弃的。”世尊是以如此等等的方式宣说的。

Pītisutta

喜经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.247] āvuso chaṭṭhaṃ pītisuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

普：贤友，关于那部第六《喜经》，世尊是在哪里、针对谁、以及如何宣说的呢？

Vi – chaṭṭhaṃ bhante pītisuttaṃ sāvatthiyaṃ anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ ārabbha ‘‘tumhe kho gahapati bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhitā cīvara piṇḍapāta senāsana gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena[Pg.248]. Na kho gahapati tāvatakeneva tuṭṭhi karaṇīyā ‘‘mayaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paccupaṭṭhitā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilāna paccaya bhesajjaparikkhārenā’’ti. Tasmātiha gahapati evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘‘kindi mayaṃ kālena kālaṃ pavivekaṃ pītiṃ upasampajja vihareyyāmā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

维：尊者，第六《喜经》是在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)，针对给孤独(Anāthapiṇḍika)长者说的：“居士，你们以衣、食、住、医药资具供养比丘僧伽。居士，不应仅仅如此而满足，心想：‘我们以衣、食、住、医药资具供养比丘僧伽。’因此，居士，应如此学习：‘我们如何才能时时进入并安住于远离的喜悦中呢？’”世尊是以如此等等的方式宣说的。

Vaṇijjāsutta

贸易经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.251] āvuso sattamaṃ vaṇijjāsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

普：贤友，关于那部第七《贸易经》，世尊是如何宣说的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante sattamaṃ vaṇijjāsuttaṃ ‘‘pañcimā bhikkhave vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā. Katamā pañca, satthavaṇijjā sattavaṇijjā maṃsavaṇijjā majjavaṇijjā visavaṇijjā. Imā kho bhikkhave pañca vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

维：尊者，关于那部第七《贸易经》，世尊是这样说的：“诸比丘，有此五种贸易，优婆塞不应从事。是哪五种？兵器贸易、有情贸易、肉类贸易、酒类贸易、毒药贸易。诸比丘，此五种贸易，优婆塞不应从事。”尊者，世尊确实是这样宣说的。

Gavesīsutta

寻求经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.252] āvuso dasamaṃ gavesīsuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.

普：贤友，世尊在何处、关于谁、因何事、如何宣说了这第十《寻求经》？

Vi – dasamaṃ bhante gavesīsuttaṃ kosalesu āyasmantaṃ ānandattheraṃ dhammabhaṇḍāgārikaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Āyasmā bhante ānandatthero dhammabhaṇḍāgāriko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘ko nu kho bhante hetu ko paccayo bhagavato sitassa pātukammāya, na akāraṇena tathāgatā sitaṃ pātukarontī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ ānanda imasmiṃ padese nagaraṃ ahosi [Pg.253] iddhañceva phītañca bahujanaṃ ākiṇṇamanussaṃ, taṃ kho panānanda nagaraṃ kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho upanissāya vihāsī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

维：尊者，第十《寻求经》是在憍萨罗，关于具寿阿难长老——法藏守护者而说。具寿阿难长老——法藏守护者对世尊这样说：“尊者，是何因何缘，世尊显现微笑？如来不会无故显现微笑。”尊者，关于此事，世尊以“阿难，往昔在此地有一座城市，既繁荣又富庶，人口众多，人烟稠密。阿难，迦叶世尊、阿罗汉、正等觉者，曾依止那座城市居住”等语而说。

Vācāsutta

语经

Pu – brāhmaṇavagge [Pg.260] āvuso aṭṭhamaṃ vācāsuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

普：贤友，世尊在婆罗门品中是如何宣说第八《语经》的？

Vi – brāhmaṇavagge bhante aṭṭhamaṃ vācāsuttaṃ ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgatā vācā subhāsitā hoti no dubbhāsitā, anavajjā ca ananuvajjā ca viññūnaṃ. Katamehi pañcahi, kālena bhāsitā hoti, saccā ca bhāsitā hoti, saṇhā ca bhāsitā hoti, atthasaṃhitā ca bhāsitā hoti, mettācittena ca bhāsitā hoti, imehi kho bhikkhave pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgatā vācā subhāsitā hoti no dubbhāsitā, anavajjā ca ananuvajjā ca viññūna’’nti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

维：尊者，在婆罗门品中，世尊如此宣说了第八《语经》：“诸比丘，具备五法的言语，是善说而非恶说，无过失，不为智者所非难。是哪五种呢？适时而说，真实而说，柔和而说，有益而说，以慈心而说。诸比丘，具备此五支的言语，是善说而非恶说，无过失，不为智者所非难。”尊者，世尊是这样宣说的。

Kulasutta

家族经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.261] āvuso navamaṃ kulasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

普：贤友，世尊于彼处是如何宣说第九《家族经》的？

Vi – tattheva bhante navamaṃ kulasuttaṃ ‘‘yaṃ bhikkhave sīlavanto pabbajitā kulaṃ upasaṅkamanti, tattha manussā pañcahi ṭhānehi bahuṃ puññaṃ pasavanti. Katamehi pañcahi, yasmiṃ bhikkhave samaye sīlavante pabbajite kulaṃ upasaṅkamante manussā disvā cittāni pasādenti, saggasaṃvattanikaṃ bhikkhave taṃ kulaṃ tasmiṃ samaye paṭipadaṃ paṭipannaṃ hotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

维：尊者，于彼处，世尊以“诸比丘，凡有持戒的出家人前往拜访的家族，那里的人们就在五个方面产生许多福德。是哪五个方面呢？诸比丘，当人们看见持戒的出家人前来拜访家族，内心生起净信时，诸比丘，那个家族在那个时候就已行于导向天界的道路”等语而宣说了第九《家族经》。

Kimilavagga

金毗罗品

Dhammassavanasutta

闻法经

Pu – kimilavagge [Pg.263] pana āvuso dutiyaṃ dhammassavanasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《金毗罗品》中，世尊是怎样宣说第二《闻法经》的呢？

Vi – kimilavagge bhante dutiyaṃ dhammassavanasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave ānisaṃsā dhammassavane. Katame pañca, assutaṃ suṇāti, sutaṃ pariyodāpeti, kaṅkhaṃ vitarati, diṭṭhiṃ ujuṃ karoti, cittamassa pasīdati, ime kho bhikkhave pañca ānisaṃsā dhammassavane’’ti evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在《金毗罗品》中，世尊宣说第二《闻法经》时，这样说道：“诸比丘，听闻法有这五种利益。是哪五种呢？听闻未曾听闻的法，已听闻的法得以明净，超越疑惑，使见解正直，其心生起净信。诸比丘，这就是听闻法的五种利益。”尊者，世尊是这样说的。

Akkosakavagga

诃骂品

Akkhantisutta

不忍经

Pu – akkosakavagge [Pg.264] pana āvuso pañcamaṃ akkhantisuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《诃骂品》中，世尊是如何宣说第五《不忍经》的呢？

Vi – akkosakavagge bhante pañcamaṃ akkhantisuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave ādīnavā akkhantiyā. Katame pañca, bahuno janassa [Pg.265] appiyo hoti amanāpo, verabahulo ca hoti, vajjabahulo ca, sammūḷho kālaṃ karoti, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在《诃骂品》中，世尊宣说第五《不忍经》时，这样说道：“诸比丘，不忍有这五种过患。哪五种呢？为多数人所不喜、不悦，多怨恨，多过失，临终时迷乱，身坏命终之后，堕入苦界、恶趣、险处、地狱。”世尊宣说了如此等内容。

Apāsādikasutta

不净信经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.266] āvuso aṭṭhamaṃ apāsādikasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在那里，世尊是如何宣说第八《不净信经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante aṭṭhamaṃ apāsādikasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave ādīnavā apāsādike. Katame pañca, appasannā nappasīdanti, pasannānañca ekaccānaṃ aññathattaṃ hoti, satthusāsanaṃ akataṃ hoti, pacchimā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjati, cittamassa nappasīdati. Ime kho bhikkhave pañca ādīnavā apāsādike’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在那里，世尊宣说第八《不净信经》时，这样说道：“诸比丘，于不令人净信者有这五种过患。哪五种呢？未生净信者不会生起净信，已生净信者中有些人会变异，导师的教诫不被实行，后代之人会随从其见，其心不会生起净信。诸比丘，于不令人净信者有这五种过患。”世尊宣说了如此等内容。

Āvāsikavagga

常住品

Āvāsikasutta

常住比丘经

Pu – āvāsikavagge [Pg.268] panāvuso paṭhamaṃ āvāsikasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，在《常住品》中，世尊是如何宣说第一《常住比丘经》的呢？

Vi – āvāsikavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ āvāsikasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu abhāvanīyo hoti. Katamehi pañcahi, na ākappasampanno hoti na vattasampanno, na bahussuto hoti na sutadharo, na paṭisallekhitā hoti na paṭisallānārāmo, na kalyāṇavāco hoti na kalyāṇavākkaraṇo, duppañño hoti jaḷo eḷamūgo. Imehi kho bhikkhave pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu abhāvanīyo hotī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，在《常住品》中，世尊宣说第一《常住比丘经》时，这样说道：“诸比丘，具备五法的常住比丘是不堪培养的。哪五种呢？不具足威仪，不具足行仪；不多闻，不忆持所闻法；不省察，不乐于独处；不善言语，不善言说；劣慧、愚钝、痴呆。诸比丘，具备这五法的常住比丘是不堪培养的。”世尊宣说了如此等内容。

Avaṇṇārahasutta

应受毁谤经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.270] āvuso sattamaṃ avaṇṇārahasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，于彼处，世尊是如何宣说第七《应受毁谤经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva bhante sattamaṃ avaṇṇārahasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi pañcahi, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, āvāsamaccharī hoti āvāsapaligedhī, kulamaccharī hoti kulapaligedhi, saddhādeyyaṃ vinipāteti. Imehi kho bhikkhave pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato āvāsiko [Pg.271] bhikkhu yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，于彼处，世尊如是宣说了第七《应受毁谤经》：“诸比丘，具备五法的常住比丘，犹如被抬着投入地狱。是哪五法？不经审查、不经遍查而称赞应受毁谤者；不经审查、不经遍查而毁谤应受称赞者；于住处悭吝、贪着；于俗家悭吝、贪着；毁坏信施。诸比丘，具备此五法的常住比丘，犹如被抬着投入地狱。”

Duccaritavagga

恶行品

Paṭhamaduccaritasutta

第一恶行经

Pu – duccaritavagge [Pg.273] pana āvuso paṭhamaṃ duccaritasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，于《恶行品》中，世尊是如何宣说第一《恶行经》的呢？

Vi – duccaritavagge bhante paṭhamaṃ duccaritasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave ādīnavā duccarite. Katame pañca, attāpi attānaṃ upavadati, anuvicca viññū garahanti, pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati, sammūḷho kālaṃ karoti, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Ime kho bhikkhave pañca ādīnavā duccarite’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，于《恶行品》中，世尊如是宣说了第一《恶行经》：“诸比丘，恶行有五种过患。是哪五种？自己谴责自己；智者经审察后而谴责；恶名远扬；昏昧而死；身坏命终后，投生于恶处、恶趣、堕处、地狱。诸比丘，此为恶行的五种过患。”

Sivathikasutta

尸陀林经

Pu – tattheva [Pg.274] āvuso navamaṃ sivathikasuttaṃ bhagavatā kathaṃ bhāsitaṃ.

贤友，于彼处，世尊是如何宣说第九《尸陀林经》的呢？

Vi – tattheva [Pg.275] bhante navamaṃ sivathikasuttaṃ ‘‘pañcime bhikkhave ādīnavā sivathikāya. Katame pañca, asuci, duggandhā, sappaṭibhayā, vāḷānaṃ amanussānaṃ āvāso, bahuno janassa ārodanā. Ime kho bhikkhave pañca ādīnavā sivathikāyā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.

尊者，于彼处，世尊如是宣说了第九《尸陀林经》：“诸比丘，尸陀林有五种过患。是哪五种？不净；恶臭；可怖畏；为猛兽与非人所居；为众人哀号之处。诸比丘，此为尸陀林的五种过患。”