Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa
礼敬彼世尊、阿罗汉、正自觉者
Sūrassatīnīti
勇士正念格言
Paṭhamo bhāgo
第一部分
Paṇāmagāthā
礼敬偈
1.
1.
Mukhamhā [Pg.1] bhagavantassa,Sugandhakamalā subhā;
Sañjātaṃ uttamaṃ vāṇiṃ,Vandāmi vittamānasā.
从世尊口中,生出最上语,犹如香莲华,清净而善美。我以欢喜心,敬礼此妙语。
2.
2.
Samajjhiṭṭho racissāmi,Dakkhena rājamantinā;
Nāmena santena,Nītiṃ lokahitāvahaṃ;
Sālaṅkāraṃ sopadesaṃ,Nāmenāhaṃ svarassatiṃ.
我应贤能大臣善多(Santa)之请,将撰写一部利益世间的论典;此论具足文采与教诲,我以辩才天女(Sarasvatī)为名而作。
3.
3.
Pekkhantvimaṃ nītiṃ santā,Mañjūsarukkhasannibhaṃ;
Nānopadesasaṃpuṇṇaṃ,Sadatthakusalā sadā.
愿善于真实义的贤者们,恒常审视此论,此论充满种种教诲,犹如曼殊沙(Mañjūsa)树。
Sūrassatīnīti
辩才天女教诫
1.
1.
Kataññutā [Pg.3] ca saccañca,Lokasārā hi te duve;
Lokāpi tehi tiṭṭhanti,Raṭṭhaṃ akaṃsu issaraṃ.
知恩与真实,此二世间要;世间依此立,邦国得自在。
2.
2.
Kākāca [Pg.8] dujjanā loke,Malībhūtāva sabbadā;
Iṭṭhaṃ guṇaṃ nāsayanti,Te ve lokassa verino.
世间乌鸦与恶人,恒常染污不清净;彼等毁坏悦人德,实为世间之怨敌。
Migānaṃ [Pg.10] siṅgālo anto,Pakkhīnaṃ pana vāyaso.
野兽之中豺为末,鸟类之中鸦亦然。
Akāraṇaverī [Pg.12] honti,Macchānaṃ dhīvarā yathā;
Guṇīnaṃ sajjanānañca,Dujjanā niccaverino.
犹如渔夫于鱼群,无故而成为仇敌;恶人对于有德之善人,亦如是恒为怨敌。
3.
3.
Siriṃ [Pg.14] bhonto suposetha,Siri mūlā hi sampadā;
Siriya idha jotanti,Sirī sā sabbasiddhikā.
诸君善护持吉祥,吉祥实为福之根;人依吉祥此世耀,彼吉祥能成万事。
4.
4.
Musā [Pg.20] tamokarā loke,Saccaṃ mīditikārakaṃ;
Musātamena dukkhanti,Saccābhāya sukhantive.
世间妄语生黑暗,真实能带来喜悦;因妄语之暗而苦,因真实之光而乐。
Suvijānaṃ [Pg.23] siṅgālānaṃ,Sakuṇānañca vassitaṃ;
Manussavassitaṃ rāja,Dubbijānataraṃ tato.
豺狼之嚎,鸟雀之鸣,尚易了知;君王,人之言语,比彼更难辨识。
5.
5.
Kappaggisadisā [Pg.25] issā,Jhāpeti sabbasampadaṃ;
Muditā kappameghova,Ropeti sabbasampadaṃ.
嫉妒犹如劫末火,焚尽一切之福德;随喜犹如劫末云,长养一切之福德。
6.
6.
Yathā [Pg.30] asanthirā thambhā,Thusarāsimhi ussitā;
Tatheva kapicittānaṃ,Kammantā cañcalaṅgatā.
犹如不稳之柱,立于糠堆之上;如是猿心之人,其所作业动摇。
Haliddirāgaṃ [Pg.34] kapicittaṃ;
Purisaṃ rāgavirāginaṃ,Edisaṃ tāta māsevi;
Nimmanussampi ce siyā.
人心如猿猴,其爱如黄染,易染亦易褪。我儿,莫亲近此爱憎无常之人,纵使彼非凡人。
7. [Ka]
7. 迦
Pupphacumbi [Pg.35] cittapattī,Sakavaṇṇena majjito;
Vikkamī pupphato pupphaṃ,Nassāgāraṃ na saṅgamo.
吻花之彩蝶,陶醉己色中;从此花到彼,不毁花房,亦无执着。
[Kha]
佉
Kippilikā dubbaṇṇāpi,Samaggāca parakkamā;
Mā hotha pupphacumbīva,Hotha vo pacikā yathā.
蚂蚁虽色陋,团结而精进;莫学吻花者,当如彼蚂蚁。
1.
1.
Ye [Pg.40] maranti kīḷantā te,Svānā aññoññamoditā;
Disvāna chaṭṭitaṃ bhattaṃ,Sīghaverī vihiṃsare.
彼等群犬曾嬉戏,彼此欢悦乐融融;一见弃食于道旁,速成仇敌互伤害。
2.
2.
Tathekepi [Pg.41] janā dāni,Samaggā ññoññamoditā;
Dhanahetu vihiṃsanti,Dhīratthu sīghaverikā.
如今亦有如是人,聚合之时互欢喜;为财之故相残害,速成怨敌者可鄙!
9.
9.
Vasante [Pg.45] hemante gimhe;
Neva tālā visesino;
Thiracittā janā santā;
Sukhadukkhesu niccalā.
无论春夏与冬时,多罗树(tāla)皆无别异;贤善之人不动心,于诸苦乐亦如是。
10.
10.
Yathā [Pg.50] pavaṭṭamānamhi,Suṭṭhu tiṭṭhati geṇṭhuke;
Appavaṭṭe bhūmyaṃ seti,Tatheva geṇṭhuko jano.
犹如圆环滚动时,昂然挺立不倾倒;一旦静止不动弹,便即偃卧于地上。世间之人亦如是。
11.
11.
Agghāpetuṃ [Pg.55] nasakkonti,Kālañhi kālikā janā;
Vajirādiñca sakkonti,Tena kālo anagghiko.
世人无法为时间估价,然彼等能为金刚等估价,是故时间为无价之宝。
12. [Ka]
12. 迦
Asano [Pg.59] hi dīghaddhāno,Sārasāro sugandhiko;
Niggandho tveva nissāro,Dīghaddhānopi simbalī.
阿萨那(Asana)树虽长寿,具坚实心材且芳香;木棉(Simbalī)树虽亦长寿,却无香气无实质。
[Kha]
佉
Tatheveke [Pg.60] janā loke,Dīghaddhānā susārakā;
Nissārā keci pheggūva,Dīghaddhānāpi goyathā.
世间之人亦如是,有者长寿具实质;有者空疏如边材,纵然长寿如牛王。
13.
13.
Upakāro [Pg.64] cāpakāro,Yasmiṃ gacchati naṭṭhataṃ;
Pāsāṇahadayassassa,Jīvatītyā bhidhāmudhā.
于彼恩惠与伤害,皆归于无(不被忆念);对此石心肠之人,称其“活着”亦枉然。
Pasādo nipphalo yassa,Kopocāpi niratthako;
Na taṃ saṅgantu miccheyya,Thīpumāva napuṃsakaṃ.
其净信无益,其瞋怒亦徒劳;莫与此人交往,犹如女子与男子皆避阉人。
14.
14.
Upacāro [Pg.69] hi kātabbo,Na yāva sohadaṃ bhave;
Upacāro sumittamhi,Māyā ca hoti koṭilaṃ.
应保持礼节,友谊未深之时切莫逾越;对善友之礼节,若变为虚伪与狡诈,则成欺骗。
15.
15.
Kamena [Pg.75] aggato ucchu,Raso sādutaro yathā;
Tatheva sumitto loke,Dummitto pana nediso.
犹如甘蔗从梢至根,其味愈增甜美;世间善友亦复如是,恶友则非如此。
16.
16.
Sokārāti [Pg.80] parittāṇaṃ,Vissāsapītibhājanaṃ;
Ratanābhiratanaṃ icche,Sumittaṃ akkharattayaṃ.
忧苦中作救护,信赖喜悦之器;我求此胜宝,善友此二字。
17.
17.
Dampatīnaṃ [Pg.85] sumittānaṃ,Mukhaṃ aññoññadappaṇaṃ,Sukhe sukhaṃ dukkhe dukkhaṃ,Paṭicchāyeva dappaṇe.
夫妻与善友,彼此面容如明镜;乐时同乐,苦时同苦,犹如镜中之影。
Kathaṃ [Pg.88] nu tāsaṃ hadayaṃ,Sukharāvata itthiyo;
Yāsāmike dukkhitamhi,Sukhamicchanti attano.
彼等妇人之心何其坚硬,夫君受苦之时,犹自寻求己乐。
18.
18.
Nivātañca [Pg.90] pure katvā,Mānaṃ katvāna pacchato;
Sakatthaṃ dhāraye dhīro,Atthabhañjo hi muḷhatā.
先置谦下,后置我慢;智者护持自利,毁利实为愚痴。
19.
19.
Purecāraṃ [Pg.94] satiṃ katvā,Saddhaṃ kareyya pacchato;
Turaṃ na saddahe dhīro,Sīghasaddho hi mandako.
先立正念,后生净信;智者不轻信,速信者实愚。
20.
20.
Vane 0.0099 bahūni kaṭṭhāni;
Dullabhaṃ rattacandanaṃ;
Tathā janā bahū loke;
Pumā jañño sudullabho.
林中树木虽多,赤旃檀木难得;世间众人虽多,贤善之人亦稀有。
21.
21.
Tiṇakaṭṭhapalāsehi[Pg.103];
Sukkhehi dayhate vanaṃ;
Etādīhi asārehi;
Loko janehi dayhate.
森林因干枯之草木枝叶而焚烧;世间亦因无实义之人而焚毁。
22.
22.
Antovasse [Pg.107] timāsamhi,Puññakammena moditā;
Sukhaṃ vasiṃsu porāṇā,Buddhasāsanamāmakā.
于三月雨安居中,因福业而欢喜;古时佛陀教法之爱护者,皆安乐而住。
23.
23.
Migamadena [Pg.111] ekena,Taṃ vanaṃ surabhigandhikaṃ;
Tathā janena taṃ raṭṭhaṃ,Guṇinā hi sirīmatā.
犹如一份麝香,能令彼林芬芳;同样,一位具德且有福之人,能令彼国繁荣。
Sarīraṃ [Pg.115] khaṇaviddhaṃsī,Kappantaṭṭhāyino guṇā.
身体刹那即坏,功德住立至劫末。
24.
24.
Kharānaṃ [Pg.116] sīhabyagghānaṃ,Saṅgamo no hisabbadā;
Tatheva byagghacittānaṃ,Sajātikā khayonatā.
凶猛之狮虎,其会合非恒常;同样,心如猛虎者,于同类中亦自相残害。
25.
25.
Saka [Pg.121] sādhupi no sādhū,Yo ceñña duṭṭhakārako;
Bahūnaṃ sādhū pāyena,Sa ve sādhūti vuccate.
于己为善,若于他人为恶,则非真善。通常于众人为善者,彼实可称为善。
26.
26.
Bahūdake [Pg.126] samuddepi,Jalaṃ nattheva pātave;
Khuddake khatakūpamhi,Sāduṃ atthi bahuṃ dakaṃ.
即使在水量众多之海洋,亦无水可饮;而在小小挖掘之井中,却有众多甘甜之水。
27.
27.
Mā [Pg.130] sīghaṃ vivareyyātha,Nindituñca pasaṃsituṃ;
Mukhañhi vo kathādvāraṃ,Nirundheyyātha sabbadā.
莫急于开口,或毁或赞;汝口实为言语之门,应恒常关闭。
28.
28.
Mā [Pg.134] sīghaṃ vivareyyātha,Cakkhuṃ vo dassituṃ piyaṃ;
Saṇikañhi piyalābhaṃ,Dhanalābhaṃ turaṃ kare.
莫急于睁眼,以见可爱之物;可爱之物的获得应缓慢,财富的获得则应迅速。
29.
29.
Anārambho [Pg.138] hi kammānaṃ,Paṭhamaṃ buddhilakkhaṇaṃ;
Niṭṭhaṅgataṃ āraddhassa,Dutiyaṃ buddhilakkhaṇaṃ.
不轻易开始作业,是智慧的第一特征;已开始的作业能达至圆满,是智慧的第二特征。
Asamekkhitakammantaṃ[Pg.140],Turitābhinipātinaṃ;
Sāni kammāni tappenti,Uṇhaṃ vajjhohaṭaṃ mukhe.
行事不经审察,急于投入之人,其所作业将折磨他,如热物置于口中。
30.
30.
Aphalāni [Pg.143] durantāni,Janatā ninditāni ca;
Asakyāni ca kammāni,Nārabhetha vicakkhaṇo.
无果、结局不善、受众人谴责、以及力所不及之作业,智者不应开始。
31.
31.
Ativirodhabhītānaṃ[Pg.147],Saṅkitānaṃ pade pade;
Parappavādatāsānaṃ,Dūrato yanti sampadā.
于极度畏惧对立、步步生疑、及害怕他人言论者,成就将远离他们。
Saddamattaṃ [Pg.150] na bhetabbaṃ,Loko saddassa gocaro;
Yo ca saddaparittāso,Vane bhantamigo hi so.
不应仅因声音而恐惧,世间本是声音的范围;若有人因声音而惊恐,他实如林中迷途之鹿。
32.
32.
Dvinnaṃ [Pg.151] taṇḍulathūsānaṃ,Viseso suṭṭhu khāyati;
Randhitopi siniddho no,Thuso virasaphāruso;
Taṇḍulaṃ siniddhaṃ rasaṃ,Evaṃ lokepi ñāyate.
米粒与谷壳二者,其差异甚为明显;谷壳虽经烹煮,仍不润滑,且无味粗糙;米粒则润滑味美。世间之事亦可由此了知。
33.
33.
Eraṇḍaṃ [Pg.155] nissitā valli,Ruhate kiṃ yathābalaṃ;
Mahāsālaṃ sunissāya,Ruhate brahataṃ gatā.
依附蓖麻之藤蔓,能依其力生长几何?若善依附于娑罗大树,则能长至高大。
34.
34.
Mettā [Pg.160] hi sīmasambhedā,Pakkhapāta vighātikā;
Pakkhapātena dukkhanti,Nippakkho vasate sukhaṃ.
慈心能破除界限,能摧毁偏袒。因偏袒而受苦,无偏袒者则安乐而住。
35.
35.
Narā [Pg.164] paññā ca laṅkārā,Yathāṭhāne niyujjare;
No hi cūḷāmaṇi pāde,Pādukā ca siropari.
智者与饰物,皆应置于适当之处;顶髻宝珠实不应置于足上,鞋履亦不应置于头顶。
Ukkuṭṭhe [Pg.167] sūra micchanti;
Mantīsu akutūhalaṃ;
Viyañca annapānamhi;
Atthe jāte ca paṇḍitaṃ.
于喧闹中需要勇者;于谋议中需要不躁动者;于饮食中需要亲爱者;于事务生起时需要智者。
36.
36.
Pamādo [Pg.169] hi tamo loke,Kālo coro bhayānako;
Kāyagehaṃ bahuchiddaṃ,Kālacorassa coritaṃ.
放逸实为世间之黑暗,时间是可怕的盗贼;身宅多有孔隙,被时间之贼所盗。
37.
37.
Cañcalo [Pg.173] kāladāso hi,Dhītimā kālaissaro;
Kālissaro raṭṭhissaraṃ,Ativattati sabbaso.
轻浮者实为时间之奴隶,坚毅者乃为时间之主宰;时间之主宰,能完全超越国土之主宰。
38.
38.
Viluppanti [Pg.17]8 dhanaṃ eke,Kālameke anekkhakā;
Tesu kālavilopāva,Bhayānakā tikakkhaḷā.
有些人掠夺财富,有些人虚度光阴;于此二者中,虚度光阴者,实为可怖且极残酷。
39.
39.
Raññā [Pg.182] raṭṭhahitaṃ kattā,Rañño hitaṃ janehi ve;
Desso attahitaṃ dassī,Gārayho kinnu kārako.
国王为国谋利,人民为王谋利;然只见己利者,实为可憎,其所行何事不应受谴责?
Attadatthaṃ [Pg.189] paratthena;
Bahunāpi na hāpaye.
为他人之大利益,亦不应舍弃自身之义利。
40.
40.
Yassa upakāro dinno,Upakāraṃ dade puna;
Tato pakāraṃ niccheyya,Kataññū dullabho idha.
受人恩惠者,应回报以恩惠。由此可辨其品行。世间知恩者,甚为稀有。
Saccaṃ [Pg.190] kireva māhaṃsu,Narā ekacciyā idha;
Kaṭṭhaṃ niplavitaṃ seyyo,Natveve kacciyo naro.
诚然,此世间有些人说:漂浮之木,亦胜于某些人。
41.
41.
Kāruko [Pg.191] sakapaññāya,Mahagghaṃ dārukaṃ kare;
Tathā janopi attānaṃ,Mahaggho lokamānito.
工匠以其智慧,能令木材价值昂贵;人亦如是,能令自身尊贵而为世所敬。
42.
42.
Appaggho [Pg.196] hi ayo hemaṃ,Mahagghaṃ chindate yathā;
Nigguṇo saguṇaṃ loke,Alakkhīca siriṃ tathā.
犹如价廉之铁,能斩断昂贵之金;世间无德者害有德者,无福者害有福者,亦复如是。
Sūrassatīnīti
妙音天女箴言
Dutiyo bhāgo
第二部分
1.
1.
Dhanassa [Pg.1] dubbidhaṃ kiccaṃ,Pāpeti uṇṇataṃ dhaniṃ;
Adhaniṃ oṇataṃ loke,Sañcine tena taṃ dhanaṃ.
财富有两种作用:能令富者高举,能令贫者卑下。是故,人当积聚财富。
2.
2.
Vaṭṭate [Pg.6] satataṃ sīghaṃ,Kālacakkaṃ avāritaṃ;
Tena ghaṭī dinaṃ māso,Vasso bhavatya cīrato.
时间之轮,无有障碍,恒常飞速转动;是故,时、日、月、年,皆迅速而成。
3.
3.
Sattunā [Pg.11] na hi sandheyya,Ekadā so bhayaṃ karo;
Sutattamapi pānīyaṃ,Samayate nu pāvakaṃ.
不应与敌和解,彼终有一日会带来怖畏;犹如沸腾之水,岂能熄灭火焰?
4.
4.
Vijahaṃ [Pg.16] pakatiṃ yo hi,Vikatiṃ puna gacchati;
Sabhāvena ākārena,Vippallāsaṃ sa gacchati;
Saṃsumāra gatā godhā,Yathā thī pumavesikā.
若有人舍弃本性,复归于变异,彼于自性与外相,皆陷于颠倒;犹如鳄鱼变为蜥蜴,又如女人穿上男装。
5.
5.
Pakkhaṃ [Pg.20] laddhāna uḍḍenti,Upacikā hi vammikā;
Nikkhantā maraṇaṃ yanti,Uppatā nippataṃ gatā.
白蚁生翅则飞离蚁穴,出穴则趋向死亡,高飞之后复又坠落。
6.
6.
Sabbaṃpiyassa [Pg.23] dajjeyya,Nissesaṃ piyamānasaṃ;
Saddhācittaṃ tu no viññū,Saddhāyiko pakkhalito.
人或以爱心,将一切尽施于所爱;然智者不许此轻信之心,因轻信者易于失足。
7.
7.
Sakkoti [Pg.27] laṅghituṃ byāmaṃ,Mahussāhena yo hi so;
Tadaḍḍhaṃ anussāhena,Nossāho tesu thomito;
Mahussāho dukkho loke,Anussāho sadā sukho.
若有人以大精进,能跨越一寻;若无精进,则能跨越半寻。于彼等中,无精进者反受赞叹。世间大精进是苦,无精进常是乐。
8.
8.
Dukkhamaṃ [Pg.32] akkhamanto yo,Piṭṭhikārīca dukkaraṃ,Kadā labheyya so loke,Sukhamaṃ sukaraṃ mudhā;
Paccakkhañhi so kareyya,Dukkhamañcāpi dukkaraṃ.
若人不能忍受痛苦,且逃避困难之事,他于世间,何时能徒获安乐与轻易?他实则亲身招致痛苦与困难。
9.
9.
Anaggho [Pg.36] manusso loke,Tosanāposanādinā;
Tena so mahagghaṃ kammaṃ,Kare lokahitāyutaṃ.
世间之人身价无量。是故,彼人应以喜足、滋养等方式,为世间利益行有价值之业。
10.
10.
Vātena [Pg.41] nappabhijjanti,Ninnā veḷū kasā naḷā;
Yathāvātaṃ nagacchanti,Tathā care jane kadā.
低矮的竹、草与芦苇,不为风所折断;彼等随风摇曳而不去。人于何时能如是行?
11.
11.
Purato [Pg.44] ca pacchato ce,Nissayo natthi passato;
Adhikaṃ vīriyaṃ hoti,Attanātho tadā bhave.
若观前后皆无依靠,尔时精进则会增长,便能成为自身之依怙。
12.
12.
Khaṇaṃ [Pg.48] ākhubilaṃ sīho,Pāsāṇasakalākulaṃ;
Pappoti nakhabhaṅgaṃvā,Phalaṃvā mūsiko bhave.
雄狮挖掘鼠穴,然穴中碎石遍布;其结果或为爪折,或仅得一鼠而已。
13.
13.
Maggamuḷhā [Pg.52] janā andhā,Amaggā maggasaññino;
Tatheva duppaññā muḷhā,Tathatthaṃ nāva bujjhare.
盲目之人迷失于道,于非道上起道想;劣慧愚痴者亦复如是,不能觉了真实义。
14.
14.
Piyarūpaṃ [Pg.56] vīrarūpaṃ,Duvidhā rūpasampadā,Nāriṃ icche piyarūpiṃ,Purisaṃ vīrarūpakaṃ.
可爱之形与英武之形,此乃两种形相圆满。人愿女子具可爱之形,男子具英武之形。
15.
15.
Pajjalanti [Pg.60] hi khajjotā,Pakkhacālanakammunā;
Kusitā supitā nete,Tathā janāpi kammikā.
萤火虫因振翅之业而发光,彼等既非懈怠亦非沉睡。人亦应如是勤于作业。
16.
16.
Kummasaṅkocamopamya[Pg.65],Niggahamapi saṃkhame;
Pattakāle tu nītiñño,Kaṇhasappova uṭṭhahe.
犹如龟之敛藏,亦当忍受压制;然时机成熟时,知策者当如黑蛇般崛起。
17.
17.
Bhakkhasesaṃ [Pg.69] nakhādanti,Sīhā unnatacetasā;
Paraṃpi napaṇāmenti,Vuddhikāmā tathā care.
雄狮心意高洁,不食残余;亦不轻慢他者。欲求增长者,当如是行。
18.
18.
Na [Pg.72]va vasso samuppanno,Khīṇo purāṇahāyano;
Navavasse navā mettā,Bhāvitabbā hitesinā.
新年已至,旧年已尽;在新的一年里,求福者当培育新的慈心。
19.
19.
Santāpayanti [Pg.76] kamayāpyabhujaṃ na rogā,Dummantinaṃ kamupayanti na nītidosā;
Kaṃ srī na mānayati kaṃ na ca hanti maccu,Kaṃ thīkatā na visayā paripīḷayanti.
何种疾病不折磨受用不当者?何种策略之过不降临于恶谋者?财富不轻慢于谁?死亡不杀害于谁?女色等欲境不逼恼于谁?
(Vasantatilakāgāthā.)
(春华饰偈)
20.
20.
(Ka) byāmamattena [Pg.81] daṇḍena,Yolumbya udakaṃ mine;
Agambhīraṃ gambhīraṃvā,Agādhe maññi gambhīraṃ.
(甲)以一寻之杖,悬测水深。于水浅处,彼反认为深。
(Kha)
(乙)
Tathā mando saññāṇena,Agādhe maññi paṇḍitaṃ;
Samāsamaṃ na jānāti,Bahvappaṃ tikkhamandataṃ.
同样地,愚者以其识,于浅薄处妄认深广;不知平等与不平等,亦不知多寡、锐利与迟钝。
21.
21.
Duṭṭhakamme [Pg.86] saṅgamanti,Chekakamme ca no idha;
Maccuṃ vahanti sīsena,Te muḷhā muḷhasaṅgamā.
于此,彼等与恶行相交,不与善行相交;头顶死亡而行,彼等愚者与愚者为伍。
22.
22.
Duvidho [Pg.91] saṅgamo loke,Ujuko kuṭilo bhave;
Ujukova pasaṃseyyo,Nohyañño sājasaṅgamo.
世间有两种交往:正直与弯曲。唯有正直者值得称赞,而非虚伪的交往。
Te [Pg.93] iminā upāyena samaggā sammodamānā mahā bhittipiṭṭhikāya vasanti. (Mahosadhajātaka aṭṭhakathā)
彼等以此方法,和合欢喜,住于大墙之后。(《大善慧本生经义注》)
23.
23.
Yūthikā [Pg.95] pupphate nohi,Siñcitāpi punappunaṃ;
Pupphate sampatte kāle,Evaṃ dhāretha vīriyaṃ.
茉莉花即使反复浇灌,也不会开花;它只在时机成熟时才开花。同样地,应保持精进。
24.
24.
Dhanuccayo [Pg.101] dhanakkhepo,Duvidhā hi dhanākati;
Dhanuccaye nayo atthi,Dhanakkhepamhi no idha.
财富有积聚与散失,此诚为财富之二种形态;积聚财富有其法则,于此散失则不然。
25.
25.
Amātā [Pg.105] pitarasaṃ vaḍḍhaṃ,Jūtakārañca cañcalaṃ;
Nālapeyya visesaññū,Yadicche siddhi mattano.
不受父母教养者,以及轻浮的赌徒;若欲自身成就,智者不应与他们交谈。
Haliddirāgaṃ [Pg.109] kapicittaṃ,Purisaṃ rāgavirāginaṃ;
Edisaṃ tāta māsevi,Nimmanussaṃpi ce siyā.
心如姜黄易染,意如猿猴不定,爱欲无常之人;孩子啊,切莫与之为伍,纵然彼非人类。
26.
26.
Guṇā guṇaññūsu guṇā bhavanti,Te nigguṇaṃ patvā bhavanti dosā;
Āsādyatoyā pabhavanti najjo,Samudramāsajja bhavantyapeyyā.
德行在识德者处方显为德,若遇无德者则变为过失;江河发源时水味甘美,入海后则变得不可饮用。
(Upajātigāthā)
(优波阇提偈)
27.
27.
Silārūpaṃ [Pg.113] nimminanti,Koṭṭetvāna punappunaṃ;
Koṭṭakova tathā bālā,Sādhuṃ ovajja nimmitā.
他们反复敲打以塑造石像;同样地,愚者亦如顽石,通过善言劝诫方能被塑造。
Cāṇakyanītilā gāthā
查那迦教诫偈
Lālane [Pg.116] bahavo dosā,Tāḷane bahavo guṇā;
Tasmā puttañca sissañca,Tāḷaye na ca lālaye.
娇惯多过失,鞭策多功德;因此,对儿子和弟子,应鞭策而非娇惯。
28.
28.
Atītassa [Pg.117] hi mittassa,Yo ce dosaṃ pakāsaye;
So have paccuppannassa,Dosaṃ bhāseti ñāyati.
若人揭露旧友之过失,则可知他亦会宣说现友之过失。
29.
29.
Latāviya [Pg.121] sevakā te,Ye nissayaṃ palambare;
Nissayassa vināsena,Bhūmyaṃ senti anāthakā.
那些仆人犹如藤蔓,依附于支撑物;一旦支撑物毁坏,他们便无依无靠地倒卧于地。
30.
30.
Dosasiṅgehi [Pg.125] vijjhanto,Mānakhūrehi akkamaṃ;
Bhayaṃ karoti lokamhi,Gova bālo vihiṃsako.
愚痴暴恶者,以瞋恚为角而刺,以我慢为蹄而踏,于世间制造恐惧,犹如恶牛。
31.
31.
Ādo [Pg.128] upari lokoyaṃ,Ujulekhāya tiṭṭhati;
Musāvātehi taṃlokaṃ,Nipātesi anajjavaṃ.
此世间最初正直而立;虚妄之风使其倾颓,变得不正。
32.
32.
Sughaṭaṃ [Pg.132] kumbhakārena,Nāraho paribhuñjituṃ;
Tathūpamāya vekkheyya,Sakammaparakammani.
陶师善制之器,不宜于自用;当以此为譬喻,省察自他之业。
33.
33.
Anantaraṃsī [Pg.136] sūropi,Nasakkoti ghanaṃ tamaṃ;
Vijjhituṃ raṃsiyā loke,Tathā madanamohitā;
Nasakkonti madaṃ bhetvā,Paññābhāya pabhāsituṃ.
即使是拥有无尽光芒的太阳,也无法以其光芒穿透世间的浓厚黑暗;同样地,被迷醉所迷惑者,无法破除迷醉,以智慧之光照耀。
34.
34.
Khedaveraṃ [Pg.139] daliddamhi,Bhogimhi rogupaddavaṃ;
Dessaverañca āṇimhi,Passe lokassa veritaṃ.
贫穷中有疲惫与怨恨,富裕中有疾病与灾祸;权力中有憎恶与怨恨。当见世间的敌意。
35.
35.
Saṃladdhena [Pg.144] subhogena,Jīvaṃ suddhaṃ kare nijaṃ;
Seṭṭho so tena jīvena,Jeguccho malajīviko.
以善得之财富,应使自身生命清净;以此生命,他最为殊胜。而以不净方式谋生者,则令人厌恶。
36.
36.
Vajira [Pg.148] puppharāgānaṃ,Visesaṃ yo nabujjhati;
Kathañhi so vikkīṇeyya,Kīṇeyya vā yathātathaṃ.
若人不知金刚石与黄玉之别,彼如何能如实地买或卖呢?
37.
37.
Kippīli [Pg.152] kopi cintetvā,Pabbataṃ bhettu mussahaṃ;
Abalā tanumajjhattā,Cintā hasyāva sā mudhā.
即使是蚂蚁,若想“我将劈开山”,其身弱小,此念头实属可笑且徒劳。
38.
38.
Jātamattaṃ [Pg.155] na yo sattuṃ,Rogañcūpasamaṃ naye;
Mahābalopi teneva,Vuddhiṃpatvā sa haññate.
若人不对初生之敌与疾病加以平息,即使他力量强大,也会因此在它们增长后被摧毁。
39.
39.
Sajīvamaṃsabhakkhehi[Pg.159],Sadāṭhīhi mukhehi bho;
Biḷārabyagghasīhānaṃ[Pg.160],Nihīnāni anekadhā;
Tikkhāni kharavādāni,Manussānaṃ mukhāni ve.
诸君!猫、虎、狮之口,有利牙,食活肉;然人之口舌,言语尖酸刻薄,于诸多方面,实更为低劣。
40.
40.
Viluppantā [Pg.163] vidhāvanti,Sajīvavuttikammunā;
Janā tena vihaññanti,Caranti dhammavemukhā.
众人为谋生计而掠夺奔波,因此而受苦恼;彼等背离正法而行。
41.
41.
Sulabhaṃ [Pg.167] lokiyaṃ loke,Sāsanīyaṃva dullabhaṃ;
Dullabhaṃ taṃ vamaññanto,Eso bālatamo bhave.
世间之物易得,而教法难得;轻蔑那难得之教法者,此人实为最愚痴。
42.
42.
Yo [Pg.172] patittha agyāvāṭaṃ,Mohā taṃ upakārituṃ;
Aññorohi tadā vāṭaṃ,Dutīyo muḷhamuḷhako.
若有人堕入火坑,另一人出于愚痴,欲帮助他而亦下至坑中;此第二人,实为愚中之愚。
43.
43.
Byaggho [Pg.176] āvudhaviddho hi,Akā duṭṭhāni ninnadaṃ;
Tatheva sādhusatthena,Viddho bālo pakuppito.
猛虎被武器所伤,发出恶吼;同样地,愚者被善言所刺,便会大怒。
44.
44.
Pivanti [Pg.180] lohitaṃ ḍaṃsā,Anto tuṇḍena makkhikā;
Bahiddhā parivārenti,Jano tena ḍaṃsāyaye.
蚊虻饮血,苍蝇于内用喙;于外而围绕,人们因此被叮咬。
45.
45.
Adhanassa [Pg.184] khaṇo appo,Saddhammo appakālino;
Appako tena yuñjeyyuṃ,Khaṇaṃ bahuṃ labhetave.
无财者时机稀少,正法亦是短暂。是故应点滴行持,以获得广大时机。