නමො තස්ස භගවතො අරහතො සම්මාසම්බුද්ධස්ස

Homage to the Blessed One, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One.

ධම්මනීති

The Dhamma of Conduct

1.

1.

වන්දිත්වා රතනං සෙට්ඨං[Pg.1], නිස්සාය පුබ්බකෙ ගරුං;

නිතිධම්මංපවක්ඛාමි, සබ්බලොකසුඛාවහං.

Having paid homage to the supreme jewel, relying on the venerable elders, I shall proclaim the Dhamma of conduct, which brings happiness to all the world.

2.

2.

ආචරියොචසිප්පඤ්ච, පඤ්ඤාසුතංකථාධනං;

දෙසොචනිස්සයොමිත්තං, දුජ්ජනොසුජනොබලං.

The teacher and the craft; wisdom, learning, discourse, and wealth; a place, support, and a friend; the wicked, the good, and strength.

3.

3.

ඉත්ථීපුත්තොචදාසොච[Pg.2], ඝරාවාසොකතාකතො;

ඤාතබ්බොචඅලඞ්කාරො, රාජධම්මොපසෙවකො;

දුකාදිමිස්සකොචෙව, පකිණ්ණකොතිමාතිකා.

Woman, son, and servant; the household, what is done and undone; what should be known, and adornment; the law of kings and the courtier; mixed sections beginning with pairs, and the miscellaneous. Thus is the table of contents.

4.

4.

කින්තෙහිපාදසුස්සසා[Pg.3], යෙසංනත්ථිගරූනිහ;

යෙතප්පාදරජොකිණ්ණා, තෙවසාධූවිවෙකිනො.

Of what use is service at the feet to those who have no teachers here? Those who are covered with the dust from their teachers' feet, they indeed are the good, the discerning.

5.

5.

විනාගරූපදෙසන්තං, බාලොලඞ්කත්තුමිච්ඡති;

සම්පාපුණෙනවිඤ්ඤූහි, හසභාවංකථංනුසො.

Without a teacher's instruction, the fool desires to accomplish things. How could he not attain a laughable state among the wise?

6.

6.

උට්ඨානාඋපට්ඨානාච, සුස්සුසාපරිචාරිකා;

සක්කච්චංසිප්පුග්ගහණං, ගරුංආරාධයෙබුධො.

By effort and attendance, by attentive listening and service, by diligently acquiring skills, a wise person should please their teacher.

7.

7.

උපජ්ඣාචරියානඤ්ච[Pg.4], මාතාපිතූනමෙවච;

සක්කච්චංයොනුපට්ඨාති, සුතොපිතස්සතාදිසො.

He who diligently attends to preceptors and teachers, and to his parents also, is a son worthy of them.

8.

8.

උපජ්ඣාචරියානඤ්ච, මාතාපිතූනමෙවච;

සක්කච්චංයොඋපට්ඨාති, සුතොපිතස්සතාදිසො;

He who diligently attends to preceptors and teachers, and to his parents also, is a son worthy of them.

9.

9.

සම්මාඋපපරික්ඛිත්වා;

අක්ඛරෙසුපදෙසුච;

චොරඝාතොසිස්සොසියා,ගරුචොරට්ටකාරකො.

Having not properly examined the letters and instructions, a student becomes a slayer of his teacher, a thief, and a maker of strife.

10.

10.

පණ්ඩිතොසුතසම්පන්නො[Pg.5], යත්ථඅත්ථීති චෙසුතො;

මහුස්සාහෙනතංඨානං, ගන්තබ්බංවසුතෙසිනා.

If it is heard where a wise one, accomplished in learning, is to be found, that place should be gone to with great effort by one who seeks what is good.

11.

11.

සුඛංරුක්ඛස්සඡායාව, තතොඤාතිමාතාපිතු;

තතොආචරියොරඤ්ඤො, තතොජිනස්සසාසනං.

The shade of a tree is pleasant; more pleasant than that are relatives, mother, and father; more pleasant than that are a teacher and a king; and more pleasant than that is the teaching of the Conqueror.

12.

12.

පාසාණඡත්තංගරුකං, තතොදෙවානචික්ඛනං;

තතොවුඩ්ඪානමොවාදො, තතොජිනස්සසාසනං.

A stone umbrella is weighty; weightier than that is the instruction of the gods; weightier than that is the counsel of the elders; and weightier than that is the teaching of the Conqueror.

13.

13.

තුලංසල්ලහුකංලොකෙ[Pg.6], තතොචපලජාතිකො;

තතොවුඩ්ඪානනොවාදො, යතිධම්මෙපමාදකො.

Cotton is very light in the world; lighter than that is a person of fickle nature; lighter than that is the counsel of elders; and one who is negligent in the discipline of an ascetic.

14.

14.

සුතිසම්මුතිසඞ්ඛ්‍යාච, යොගානිතිවිසෙසකා;

ගන්ධබ්බාගණිකාචෙව, ධනුබෙදාචපූරණා.

Tradition, convention, and reckoning; yoga, ethics, and the art of distinguishing; music and mathematics; archery and ancient lore.

15.

15.

තිකිච්ඡාඉතිහාසාච[Pg.7], ජොතිමායාචඡන්දති;

කෙතුමන්තාචසද්දාච, සිප්පාට්ඨාරසකාඉමෙ.

Medicine and history; astronomy, magic, and prosody; omens, spells, and grammar; these are the eighteen arts.

16.

16.

අලසස්සකුතොසිප්පං, අසිප්පස්සකුතොධනං;

අධනස්සකුතොමිත්තං, අමිත්තස්සකුතොසුඛං;

අසුඛස්සකුතොපුඤ්ඤං, අපුඤ්ඤස්සකුතොනිබ්බානං.

For the lazy, whence comes skill? For the unskilled, whence comes wealth? For the poor, whence come friends? For the friendless, whence comes happiness? For the unhappy, whence comes merit? For the meritless, whence comes Nibbāna?

17.

17.

සිප්පංසමංධනංනත්ථි, සිප්පංචොරානගණ්හන්ති;

ඉධලොකෙසිප්පංමිත්තං, පරලොකෙසුඛාවහං.

There is no wealth equal to skill; thieves cannot take skill. In this world, skill is a friend; in the next world, it brings happiness.

18.

18.

බොධපුත්‍රසදාවිත්‍යං[Pg.8], මාඛෙදාචරියංගරුං;

සදෙසෙපූජිතොරාජා, බුධොසබ්බත්ථපූජිතො.

O son of the wise, be ever learned; do not trouble the revered teacher. A king is honored in his own country, but a wise person is honored everywhere.

19.

19.

බොධපුත්‍රකිමාලස්සෙ, අබොධොභාරවාහකො;

බොධකොපූජිතො ලොකෙ, බොධපුත්‍රදිනෙදිනෙ.

O son of the wise, why be lazy? The ignorant one is a carrier of burdens. The wise one is honored in the world, and the son of the wise, day by day.

20.

20.

රූපයොබ්බන්නසම්පන්නා, විසාලකුලසම්භවා;

විත්‍යාහීනානසොභන්ති, නිගන්ධාඉවකිංසුකා.

Endowed with beauty and youth, born in a great family, those devoid of knowledge do not shine, like scentless kiṃsuka flowers.

21.

21.

මාතාසත්‍රුරුපිතාච[Pg.9], බාලකාලෙනසික්ඛිත;

න සොභතිසභාමජ්ඣෙ, හංසමජ්ඣෙබකොයථා.

A mother is an enemy and a father a foe to a child not educated in his youth; he does not shine in an assembly, like a heron among swans.

22.

22.

ගුණොසෙට්ඨඞ්ගතංයාති, නඋච්චෙසයනෙවසෙ;

පාසාදසීඛරෙවාසො, කාකොකිංගරුළොසියා.

Virtue attains the highest state, not by dwelling on a high couch. By dwelling on the peak of a palace, can a crow become a Garuḍa?

23.

23.

සබ්බසුතමධියතෙ, හීනමුක්කට්ඨමජ්ඣිමෙ;

සබ්බස්සඅත්ථංජානෙය්‍ය, නචසබ්බංපයොජයෙ.

All that is heard should be learned, whether it be inferior, superior, or middling; one should understand the meaning of all, but not apply everything.

24.

24.

නලොකෙසොභතෙමුළ්හො[Pg.10],කෙවලත්තපසංසකො;

අපිසම්පිහිතොකූපෙ,කතවිජ්ජොපකාසිතො.

The fool who praises only himself does not shine in the world. But one who has acquired knowledge, even if hidden in a well, shines forth.

25.

25.

මදන්තදමනංසත්ථං, ඛලානංකුරුතෙමදං;

චක්ඛුසඞ්ඛාරකංතෙජං, උලූකානමිවන්ධකං.

The teaching tames the intoxicated, but for the wicked, it causes pride. The brilliance that forms the eye is like blindness to owls.

26.

26.

භොජනංමෙථුනංනිද්දා,ගවෙපොසෙචවිජ්ජති;

විජ්ජාවිසෙසොපොසස්ස,තංහීනොගොසමොභවෙ.

Food, sexual intercourse, and sleep are found in cattle and other animals. Knowledge is the distinction of a human; lacking that, he is like a cow.

27.

27.

යොසිස්සොසිප්පලොභෙන[Pg.11], බහුංබහුංවගණ්හාති;

මුගොවසුපිනංපස්සං, නසක්කාකථිතුං පරං.

That student who, through greed for skill, grasps at much and more, is like a mute person seeing a dream, unable to explain it to another.

28.

28.

සුස්සුසාසුතවඩ්ඪනා, පඤ්ඤායවඩ්ඪනංසුතං;

පඤ්ඤායඅත්ථංජානන්ති, ඤාතොඅත්ථොසුඛාවහො.

Attentive listening increases learning; learning increases wisdom. Through wisdom, one understands the meaning; the understood meaning brings happiness.

29.

29.

අනාගතංභයංදිස්වා[Pg.12], දූරතොපරිවජ්ජයෙ;

ආගතඤ්චභයංදිස්වා, අභිතොහොතිපණ්ඩිතො.

Having seen a future danger, one should avoid it from afar; and having seen a present danger, the wise one becomes fearless.

30.

30.

ලොභංකොධංමදංමානං, තන්දිංඉස්සංපමත්තකං;

සොණ්ඩංනිද්දාලුකංමක්ඛං, මච්ඡෙරඤ්චජහෙබුධො.

Greed, anger, intoxication, and conceit; sloth, envy, and heedlessness; stubbornness, drowsiness, and denigration; and avarice—let the wise abandon these.

31.

31.

සද්ධාහිරිචඔත්තප්පං, බාහුසච්චංවිරංසති;

පඤ්ඤාචසත්තධම්මෙහි, සම්පන්නොපණ්ඩිතොමතො.

Faith, conscience, scrupulosity, vast learning, energy, mindfulness, and wisdom—endowed with these seven qualities, one is considered wise.

32.

32.

දිට්ඨෙධම්මෙචයොඅත්ථො[Pg.13],යොචත්ථොසම්පරායිකො;

අත්ථාභිසමයාධීරො,පණ්ඩිතොතිපවුච්චති.

The benefit in this present life, and the benefit in the life to come; the steadfast one, by the realization of the benefit, is called a wise person.

33.

33.

සභාවසදිසංවාක්‍යං, සභාවසදිසංපියං;

සභාවසදිසංකොධං, යොජානාතිසපණ්ඩිතො.

Speech appropriate to one's nature, affection appropriate to one's nature, anger appropriate to one's nature—he who knows this is wise.

34.

34.

භූපාලොපණ්ඩිතොනිච්චං, නෙවතුල්‍යොකුදාචනං;

සදෙසෙපූජිතොරාජා, බුධොසබ්බත්ථපූජිතො.

A king and a wise person are never equal. A king is honored in his own country; a wise person is honored everywhere.

35.

35.

පණ්ඩිතස්සපසංසාය[Pg.14], දණ්ඩොබාලෙනදිය්‍යතෙ;

පණ්ඩිතොපණ්ඩිතෙනෙව, වණ්ණිතොවසුවණ්ණිතො.

When a wise person is praised, a punishment is given by the fool. A wise person praised by another wise person is truly well-praised.

36.

36.

අත්තනායදිඑකෙන, විනිථෙනමහාජනා;

විනයංයන්තිසබ්බෙපි, කොධංනාසෙය්‍යපණ්ඩිතො.

Through a single disciplined person, the great populace attains discipline. The wise person should destroy anger.

37.

37.

සරීරස්සගුණානඤ්ච, දූරමච්චන්තමන්තරං;

සරීරංඛණවිද්ධංසි, ගුණාතුකප්පඨායිනො.

Between the body and virtues, there is a very great difference; the body is destroyed in a moment, but virtues endure for an eon.

38.

38.

අත්ථංමහන්තමාපජ්ජං, විජ්ජංසම්පත්තිමෙවච;

විචරෙය්‍යාමානථද්ධො, පණ්ඩිතොසොපවුච්චති.

Having attained great benefit and the accomplishment of knowledge, one should live without being stiff with conceit; such a one is called wise.

39.

39.

නාලබ්භමතිපත්ථෙන්ති[Pg.15], නට්ඨම්පිනචසොචරෙ;

විප්පත්‍යඤ්චනමුය්හන්ති, යෙනරාතෙවපණ්ඩිතා.

They do not excessively desire what is unattainable, nor do they grieve for what is lost, and in misfortune they are not bewildered; such people are indeed the wise.

40.

40.

ගණ්ඨිඨානෙඑකපදෙ, නාතිමඤ්ඤෙය්‍යපණ්ඩිතො;

කිමක්කොවෙළුපබ්භාරො, තිමහාදීපභානුදො.

At a difficult point or a single word, the wise person should not be arrogant. What is the sun to a dense bamboo grove, though it illuminates the three great continents?

41.

41.

ගුණදොසෙසුනෙකෙන, අත්ථිකොචිවිවජ්ජිතො;

සුඛුමාලපදුමස්ස, නළංභවතිකක්ඛළං.

There is no one entirely devoid of both virtues and faults. Even of a delicate lotus, the stalk is rough.

42.

42.

සුමහන්තානිසත්ථානි, ධාරයන්තාබහුස්සුතා;

ඡෙදායොසංසයානන්තු, ක්ලිස්සන්තිලොභමොහිතා.

Though very learned, bearing the great scriptures, they suffer when it comes to cutting off doubts, being deluded by greed.

43.

43.

දොසංපිසගුණෙදිස්වා[Pg.16], ගුණවාදීවදන්තින;

නලොකොවිජ්ජමානම්පිචන්දෙපස්සතිලඤ්ජනං.

Even having seen a fault in a virtuous person, those who praise virtue do not speak of it. The world does not see the blemish in the moon, even though it is present.

44.

44.

සකිංපිවිඤ්ඤූධීරෙන, කරොතිසහසඞ්ගමං;

අත්තත්ථඤ්චපරත්ථඤ්ච, නිබ්බානන්තංසුඛංලභෙ.

If a discerning person associates with the steadfast even once, one obtains one's own welfare, the welfare of others, and the happiness of Nibbāna.

45.

45.

නදීතීරෙට්ඨිතෙකූපෙ, අරණිතාලවණ්ඩකෙ;

නවදාපාදිනත්ථීති, නමුඛෙවචනංතථා.

In a well situated on a riverbank, or in a desolate palm grove, one should not say, 'There is no danger'; such a word should not be in one's mouth.

46.

46.

පණ්ඩිතොඅපුට්ඨොභෙරී[Pg.17], පජ්ජුන්නොහොතිපුච්ඡිතො;

බාලොපුට්ඨොඅපුට්ඨොපි, බහුංවිකත්ථතෙසදා.

The wise one, unasked, is silent like a drum; when asked, he is like a thundercloud. The fool, whether asked or unasked, always boasts a great deal.

47.

47.

ගුණසම්පන්නලඞ්කාරො, සබ්බසත්තහිතාවහො;

පරත්තත්ථංනචරෙය්‍ය, කුතොසොපණ්ඩිතොභවෙ.

If one who is adorned with virtues and who could bring welfare to all beings does not act for the welfare of others, how could such a one be wise?

48.

48.

සපරත්ථංචරෙධීරො, අසක්කොන්තොසකංචරෙ;

තම්පිචෙවඅසක්කොන්තො, පාපාත්තානංවියොජයෙ.

The steadfast one should act for his own and others' welfare; if unable, he should act for his own. If unable even to do that, he should separate himself from evil.

49.

49.

සබ්බංසුණාතිසොතෙන[Pg.18], සබ්බංපස්සතිචක්ඛුනා;

නචදිට්ඨංසුතංධීරො, සබ්බිච්ඡිතුමරහති.

One hears all with the ear, one sees all with the eye; yet the steadfast one ought not desire everything that is seen and heard.

50.

50.

චක්ඛුමාස්සයථාඅන්ධො, සොතවාබධිරොයථා;

පඤ්ඤාවාපියථාමුගො, බලවාදුබ්බලොරිව;

අථඅත්ථෙසමුප්පන්නෙ, සයෙය්‍යමතසායිතං.

Let one with sight be as if blind, one with hearing as if deaf, one with wisdom as if mute, and one with strength as if weak. Then, when a matter arises, one should lie as if dead.

51.

51.

අතිජාතංමනුජාතං, පුත්තමිච්ඡන්තිපණ්ඩිතා;

අවජාතංනඉච්ඡන්ති, යොහොතිකුලඡින්නකො.

The wise desire a son who is superior or one who is their equal; they do not desire one who is inferior, who would be a destroyer of the family.

52.

52.

තයොවපණ්ඩිතාසත්ථෙ[Pg.19], අහමෙවාතිවාදිච;

අහමපිතිවාදීච, නාහන්තිචඉමෙතයො;

There are three kinds of wise ones in the teaching: the one who says, 'I alone am the authority'; the one who says, 'I too am a speaker'; and the one who says, 'I am not a speaker'—these are the three.

53.

53.

නසාසභායත්ථනසන්තිසන්තො,නතෙසන්තොයෙනවදන්තිධම්මං;

රාගඤ්චදොසඤ්චපහායමොහං,ධම්මංභණන්තාවභවන්තිසන්තො.

That is not a true assembly wherein the good are not present. They are not the good who do not speak the Dhamma. Having abandoned lust, hatred, and delusion, they who speak the Dhamma are truly the good.

54.

54.

බාලෙචුම්මත්තකෙභූපෙ, ගුරුමාතාපිතූස්වපි;

සඞ්ඝෙජෙඨෙචභාතරි, නදොසාකරියාබුධා.

Towards a foolish or mad king, towards one's teacher, mother, and father, towards the Saṅgha and an elder brother—the wise should not act offensively.

55.

55.

අත්තනාමනොතාපඤ්ච[Pg.20], ඝරෙදුච්චරිතානිච;

වඤ්චනඤ්චඅවමානං, මතිමානපකාසයෙ.

One's own mental torment, misconduct in the home, and any deception or disrespect one has suffered—these the intelligent person should not reveal.

56.

56.

පරදාරංජනෙත්තිංව, ලෙඩ්ඩුංවපරසන්තකං;

අත්තාවසබ්බසත්තානං, යොපස්සතිසපණ්ඩිතො.

He who sees another's wife as his mother, another's property as a clod of earth, and all beings as himself—he is a wise person.

57.

57.

සඨෙනමිත්තංකලුසෙනධම්මං,පරොපතාපෙනසමිද්ධිභාවං;

සුඛෙනවිජ්ජංඵරුසෙනනාරිං,ඉච්ඡන්තියෙතෙනචෙවපණ්ඩිතා.

Those who desire friendship with the deceitful, Dhamma from the corrupt, prosperity through harming others, knowledge with ease, or a woman through harshness—they are by no means wise.

58.

58.

නිපුණෙසුහමෙසෙය්‍ය[Pg.21], විචිනිත්වාසුතත්ථිකො;

සත්තංහුක්ඛලියංපක්කං, භාජනෙපිතථාභවෙ.

One who seeks the meaning of what is heard should associate with the skillful only after investigation. For food cooked in a pot, though it be in a fine vessel, may yet be spoiled.

59.

59.

වසුංගණ්හන්තිදූරට්ඨා, පබ්බතෙරතනොචිතෙ;

නමිලක්ඛාසමීපට්ඨා, එවංබාලාබහුස්සුතෙ.

They grasp wealth from afar, on mountains rich in gems, overlooking what is near at hand. Thus do fools behave, though very learned.

60.

60.

හිරඤ්ඤෙනමිගානංව[Pg.22], සුසීලෙනඅසීලිනො;

අධම්මිකස්සධමෙන, බාලානම්පිසුතෙනකිං.

What use is gold to deer? What use is virtue to the unvirtuous? What use is Dhamma to the unrighteous? What use is learning even to fools?

61.

61.

අප්පස්සුතායංපුරිසො, බලිබද්ධොවජීවති;

මංසානිතස්සවඩ්ඪන්ති, පඤ්ඤාතස්සනවඩ්ඪති.

This person of little learning lives like an ox; his flesh grows, but his wisdom does not grow.

62.

62.

අප්පස්සුතොසුතංඅප්පං, බහුමඤ්ඤතිමානිකො;

සින්ධූදකංඅපස්සන්තො, කූපෙසොයංවමණ්ඩුකො.

One with little learning, conceited, thinks that little to be much; like a frog in a well, not seeing the ocean's water.

63.

63.

තදමිනාපිජානාථ[Pg.23], සොබ්භෙසුපතීරෙසුච;

සණන්තායන්තිකුසොබ්භා, තුණ්හීයන්තිමහොදධී.

Know this also: the shallow streams flow chattering, but the great oceans are silent.

64.

64.

සුභාසිතංඋත්තමමාහුසන්තො,ධම්මංභණෙනාධම්මං, තංදුතියං;

පියංභණෙනාපියංතංතතියං,සච්චංභණෙනාලිකංතංචතුත්ථං.

The good say that well-spoken speech is supreme. One should speak Dhamma, not what is not Dhamma; that is the second. One should speak what is pleasant, not what is unpleasant; that is the third. One should speak truth, not falsehood; that is the fourth.

65.

65.

සීහමෙදාසුවණ්ණෙව[Pg.24], නචතිට්ඨන්තිරචතෙ;

පණ්ඩිතානංකථාවාක්‍යං නචතිට්ඨතිදුජ්ජනෙ.

Just as lion's fat does not remain in a silver vessel, so the words of the wise do not remain with the wicked.

66.

66.

මහාතෙජොපිතෙජොයං, මත්තිකංනමුදුංකරෙ;

ආපොපාපෙතිමුදුකං, සාධුවාචාචකක්ඛළං;

Though fire possesses great heat, it does not soften clay; water brings about softness, and good speech softens the harsh.

67.

67.

මුදුනාවරිපුංජෙති, මුදුනාජෙතිදාරුණං;

නාසිද්ධිමුදුනාකිඤ්චි, යතොතොමුදුනාජයෙ.

With gentleness one conquers the enemy, with gentleness one conquers the harsh; nothing is unachieved by gentleness, therefore one should conquer with gentleness.

68.

68.

චන්දනං [Pg.25] සීතලං ලොකෙ, තතො චන්දංව සීතලං;

චන්දන චන්ද සීතම්හා, සාධුවාක්‍යං සුභාසිතං.

Sandalwood is cool in the world, but cooler still is the moon; cooler than sandalwood and the moon is good speech, well-spoken.

69.

69.

සීතවාචො බහුමිත්තො, ඵරුසොතු අමිත්තකො;

උපමං එත්ථ ඤාතබ්බා, චන්දසූරියරාජුනං.

One with gentle speech has many friends, but one who is harsh is friendless; here the simile of the moon, sun, and kings should be understood.

70.

70.

පත්තකල්ලොදිතංඅප්පං, වාක්‍යංසුභාසිතංභවෙ;

ඛුද්දිතස්සකදන්නම්පි, භුත්තංසාදුරසොභවෙ.

A little water at a suitable time is sufficient; a little speech, if well-spoken, is sufficient. For the hungry, even bad food, when eaten, becomes sweet-tasting.

71.

71.

සත්ථකාපිබහුවාචා[Pg.26], නාදරාබහුභාණිනො;

සොපකාරම්ප්‍යුදාසීනං, නනුදිට්ඨංනදීජලං.

Though his speech be meaningful and abundant, one who speaks much is not respected. Though helpful, he is disregarded—is not river water seen thus?

72.

72.

නාතිවෙලංපභාසෙය්‍ය, නතුණ්හිසබ්බදාසියා;

අවිකිණ්ණංමිතංවාක්‍යං, පත්තකාලෙඋදීරයෙ.

One should not speak excessively, nor be silent always. One should utter well-measured, unscattered speech at the proper time.

73.

73.

ඉච්ඡිතබ්බෙසුකම්මෙසු, වාචායකුසලංමූලං;

වාචායකුසලෙනට්ඨෙ, ඉච්ඡිතබ්බංනසිජ්ඣති.

In desired deeds, skillful speech is the root; yet by skillful speech alone, what is desired is not accomplished.

74.

74.

හත්ථපාදාසිරොපිට්ඨි, කුච්ඡිපඤ්චඉමෙජනා;

මුඛමෙවූපසෙවන්ති, සදාවඅනුසාසිතා.

The hands, feet, head, back, and belly—these five; they always attend to the mouth, ever obedient.

75.

75.

සද්ධාධනංසීලධනං[Pg.27], හිරිඔත්තප්පියංධනං;

සුතධනඤ්චචාගොච, පඤ්ඤාවෙසත්තමංධනං.

The wealth of faith, the wealth of virtue, the wealth of moral shame and moral dread; the wealth of learning and generosity, and wisdom is the seventh wealth.

76.

76.

ඉත්ථීනඤ්චධනංරූපං, පුරිසානංධනංකුලං;

උරගානංධනංවිසං, භූපාලානංධනංබලං;

භික්ඛූනඤ්චධනංසීලං, බ්‍රහ්මණානංධනංවිජ්ජා.

For women, beauty is wealth; for men, lineage is wealth. For serpents, poison is wealth; for kings, power is wealth. For monks, virtue is wealth; for brahmins, knowledge is wealth.

77.

77.

නරූපංනචපඤ්ඤාණං[Pg.28], නචකුලඤ්චසම්භවො;

කාලවිප්පත්තිසම්පත්තෙ, ධනමෙවවිසෙසකං.

Not beauty, nor wisdom, nor family lineage and birth; when misfortune strikes, wealth alone is outstanding.

78.

78.

ධනහීනංචජෙමිත්තා, පුත්තදාරාසහොදරා;

ධනවන්තංවසෙවන්ති, ධනංලොකෙමහාසඛා.

Friends, children, spouse, and siblings abandon the one without wealth. They serve the wealthy; wealth is a great friend in the world.

79.

79.

සත්තාසදූපසෙවන්ති, සොදකංවාපිආදිකං;

සභොගංසධනඤ්චෙව, තුච්ඡාතෙචෙජහන්තිතෙ.

Beings attend upon the virtuous with water and so forth, and also upon those with possessions and wealth; but they abandon those who are empty.

80.

80.

අත්තනාවකතාලක්ඛී[Pg.29], අලක්ඛීඅත්තනාකතා;

නහිලක්ඛිංඅලක්ඛිඤ්ච, අඤ්ඤොඅඤ්ඤස්සකාරිතො.

Good fortune is made by oneself, misfortune is made by oneself. Indeed, good fortune and misfortune are not caused by another for another.

81.

81.

ධනවාජොතියොරාජා, නදීවෙජ්ජොතථාඉමෙ;

පඤ්චයත්ථනවිජ්ජන්ති, නතත්ථදිවසංවසෙ.

A wealthy person, a scholar, a king, a river, and a doctor—where these five are not found, one should not dwell there even for a day.

82.

82.

යත්ථදෙසෙනසමානො[Pg.30], නපීතිනචබන්ධවො;

නචවිජ්ජාගමොකොචි, නතත්ථදිවසංවසෙ.

In a place where there is no respect, nor affection, nor relatives, nor any acquisition of knowledge, one should not dwell there even for a day.

83.

83.

අමානනායත්ථසියා, සන්තානංඅවමානනං;

හීනසමානනාවාපි, නතත්ථදිවසංවසෙ.

Where there is disrespect, disrespect for the virtuous, or respect for the lowly, one should not dwell there even for a day.

84.

84.

දෙසමොසජ්ජගච්ඡන්ති, සීහාසප්පුරිසාගජා;

තත්තෙවනිධනංයන්ති, කාකාකාපුරිසාමිගා.

Lions, good people, and elephants abandon the country and go forth. Crows, cowards, and deer perish right there.

85.

85.

යත්ථාලසොචදක්ඛොච[Pg.31], සූරොභිරුසමපූජා;

නසන්තොතත්ථවසන්ති, අවිසෙසකරෙනකො.

Where the lazy and the diligent, the brave and the timid, are equally honored, the virtuous do not dwell there, as no distinction is made.

86.

86.

චලත්‍යෙකෙනපාදෙන, තිට්ඨත්‍යෙකෙනපණ්ඩිතො;

නාසමික්ඛ්‍යපරංඨානං, පුබ්බමායතනංචජෙ.

The wise one moves with one foot and stands with the other. One should not abandon one's former abode without examining another place.

87.

87.

ඨානභට්ඨානසොභන්තෙ, දන්තාකෙසානඛානරා;

ඉතිවිඤ්ඤායමතිමා, සඨානංනලහුංචජෙ.

Fallen from their place, teeth, hair, nails, and people do not shine. Thus understanding, the intelligent one should not quickly abandon his own place.

88.

88.

ගුණොසබ්බඤ්ඤුතුල්‍යොපි, සීදත්‍යෙකොඅනිස්සයො;

අනග්ඝංරතනංමණි, හෙමංනිස්සායසොභතෙ.

Even if one's virtue is equal to that of the All-Knowing One, one sinks alone without support. A priceless gem, a jewel, shines supported by gold.

89.

89.

නසෙවෙඵරුසංසාමිං, තංපිසෙවෙනමච්ඡරිං;

තතොනිග්ගණ්හිකංසාමිං, නෙවාපග්ගණ්හිකංතතො.

One should not serve a harsh master, nor a stingy one. Therefore, one should serve a restraining master, and not an unrestrained one.

90.

90.

පරොක්ඛෙගුණහන්තාරං[Pg.33], පච්චක්ඛෙපියභාණිනං;

තාදිසංනොපසෙවෙය්‍ය, විසකුම්භංපලොභිතං.

One who destroys virtue behind one's back and speaks pleasantly in one's presence—one should not associate with such a person, who is like a pot of poison with a sweetened rim.

91.

91.

පිට්ඨිතොක්කංනිසෙවෙය්‍ය, නිසෙවෙඅග්ගිකුච්ඡිනා;

සාමීනංසබ්බකායෙන, පරලොකංඅමුළ්හකො.

One should attend to work from behind, and not indulge the fire in the belly. One should serve one's masters with the whole body, not deluded about the next world.

92.

92.

නසෙවෙකතපාපම්හි, න සෙවාලිකවාදනෙ;

නසෙවෙඅත්තදත්ථම්හි, නසෙවෙඅතිසන්තකෙ.

One should not associate with one who has done evil, nor with one who speaks lies; one should not associate with one who seeks only his own gain, nor with one who is excessively intimate.

93.

93.

මහන්තංනිස්සයංකත්වා[Pg.34], ඛුද්දකොපිමහාභවෙ;

හෙමපබ්බතංනිස්සාය, හෙමපක්ඛීභවන්තිතෙ.

Having taken a great one for support, even a small one becomes great. Relying on the golden mountain, they become golden-winged birds.

94.

94.

අසහායොසමත්තොපි, තෙජසීකිංකරිස්සති;

නිවාතසණ්ඨිතොඅග්ගි, සයමෙවූපසම්මති.

Even if capable, what can a powerful one accomplish without companions? A fire situated in a windless place is extinguished by itself.

95.

95.

රුක්ඛාසුභූමිනිස්සාය, පුප්ඵඵලංපවඩ්ඪති;

සප්පූරිසූපනිස්සාය, මහාපුඤ්ඤංපවඩ්ඪති.

Trees, relying on good soil, flourish with flowers and fruit. Relying on a virtuous person, great merit grows.

96.

96.

අනලසොඅචණ්ඩික්කො[Pg.35], අසට්ඨොසුචිසච්චවා;

අලුද්ධොඅත්ථකාමොච, තමුත්තංඋත්තමොනරො.

Not lazy and not quick-tempered, not deceitful, pure, and truthful; not greedy and desiring what is beneficial—he is called the supreme man.

97.

97.

අහිතෙපටිසෙධොච, හිතෙසුචනියොජකො;

බ්‍යසනෙචාපරිච්චාගො, සඞ්ඛෙපංමිත්තලක්ඛණං.

Preventing what is harmful, encouraging what is beneficial, and not forsaking in times of misfortune—this, in brief, is the mark of a friend.

98.

98.

ආතුරෙබ්‍යසනෙසචෙ[Pg.36], දුබ්භික්ඛෙපරවිග්ගහෙ;

රාජද්වාරෙසුසානෙච, සඞ්ඛෙපංමිත්තලක්ඛිණං.

In sickness, in misfortune, in famine, in conflict with others, at the king's gate, and in the charnel ground—this, in brief, is the mark of a friend.

99.

99.

හිතෙසනොසුමිත්තොච, විඤ්ඤූචදුල්ලභොජනො;

යථොසධඤ්චසාදුඤ්ච, රොගහාරීචසජ්ජනො.

A good friend who seeks one's welfare, a wise person who is hard to find, is like a medicine that is both pleasant and removes disease; such is a virtuous person.

100.

100.

යොධුවානිපරිචජ්ජ, අධුවානොපසෙවති;

ධුවානිතස්සනස්සන්ති, අධුවෙසුකථාවකා.

Whoever, abandoning the permanent, pursues the impermanent, his permanent things perish; as for the impermanent, what can be said?

101.

101.

ලුද්ධමත්ථෙනගණ්හෙය්‍ය[Pg.37], ථද්ධමඤ්ජථිකම්මුනා;

ඡන්දානුවත්තියාමුළ්හං, යථාභූතෙනපණ්ඩිතං.

One should win over the greedy with wealth, the stubborn with a gesture of respect, the fool by yielding to his wishes, and the wise with truth.

102.

102.

සච්චාභික්ඛණසංසග්ගා, අසමොසරණෙනච;

එතෙනමිත්තාජිරන්ති, අකාලෙයාචනෙනච.

From truly frequent association, from not meeting together, and from asking at the wrong time—by these things friendships decay.

103.

103.

තස්මානාභික්ඛණංගච්ඡෙ, නචගච්ඡෙචිරාචිරං;

කාලෙනයාචංයාචෙය්‍ය, එවංමිත්තානජීයරෙ.

Therefore, one should not visit too frequently, nor go after a very long time. One should make a request at the proper time; thus friends are not lost.

104.

104.

යෙනමිත්තෙනසංසග්ගා[Pg.38], යොගක්ඛෙමොවිහීයති;

පුබ්බෙවජ්ඣභවංතස්ස, රක්ඛෙය්‍යග්ගිංවපණ්ඩිතො.

The friend by whose association security from bondage is lost—a wise person should guard against him from the outset, as one would a fire.

105.

105.

යෙනමිත්තෙනසංසග්ගා, යොගක්ඛෙමොපවඩ්ඪති;

කරෙය්‍යත්තසමංවුත්තිං, සබ්බකිච්චෙසුපණ්ඩිතො.

The friend by whose association security from bondage increases—towards him a wise person should, in all matters, act as he would towards himself.

106.

106.

පබ්බෙපබ්බෙකමෙනුච්ඡු, විසෙසරසවාග්ගතො;

තථාසුමෙත්තිකොසාධු, විපරිත්තොවදුජ්ජනො.

Just as sugarcane, section by section, is especially flavorful at the top, so is a good friend virtuous; a wicked person is the opposite.

107.

107.

තෙනෙවමුනිනාවුත්තං[Pg.39], ධම්මායෙකෙචිලොකියා;

තතාලොකුත්තරාචෙව, ධම්මානිබ්බානගාමිනො.

Thus was it spoken by the Sage: there are certain worldly teachings, and likewise, there are supramundane teachings that lead to Nibbāna.

108.

108.

කල්‍යාණමිත්තමාගම්ම, සබ්බෙතෙහොන්තිපාණිනං;

තස්මාකල්‍යාණමිත්තෙසු, කාතබ්බංහිසදාදරං.

Having approached a good friend, all becomes well for beings. Therefore, towards good friends, reverence should always be shown.

109.

109.

යොහවෙකතඤ්ඤූකතවෙදිධීරො,කල්‍යාණමිත්තෙදළ්හභත්තිචහොති;

දුක්ඛිතස්සසක්කච්චංකරොතිකිච්චං,තබ්භාවංසප්පුරිසංවදන්තිලොකෙ.

Whoever is grateful, acknowledges what has been done, is wise, and is of firm devotion to a good friend, who diligently performs his duty for the afflicted—such a one they call a virtuous person in the world.

110.

110.

හිතකාරොපරොබන්ධු[Pg.40], බන්ධූපිඅහිතොපරො;

අහිතොදෙහජොබ්‍යාධි, හිතමාරඤ්ඤමොසධං.

A benefactor, though a stranger, is a kinsman; a kinsman, if unhelpful, is a stranger. A disease born of the body is harmful; medicine from the forest is beneficial.

111.

111.

පදුමංවමුඛයස්ස, වාචාචන්දනසීතලං;

මධුතිට්ඨතිජිව්හග්ගෙ, හදයෙසුහලාහලං;

තාදිසංනොපසෙවෙය්‍ය, තංමිත්තංපරිවජ්ජයෙ.

One whose face is like a lotus, whose speech is cool as sandalwood, on the tip of whose tongue lies honey, but in whose heart is deadly poison—one should not associate with such a one; that friend should be avoided.

112.

112.

කත්වානකුසලංකම්මං[Pg.41], කත්වාන, කුසලංපුරෙ;

සුඛිතංදුක්ඛිතංහොන්තං, සොබාලොයොනපස්සති.

He is a fool who does not see that from having done unwholesome kamma, and wholesome kamma previously, beings become happy and unhappy.

113.

113.

කාලක්ඛෙපෙනහාපෙති, දානසීලාදිකංජළො;

අථිරංපිථිරංමඤ්ඤෙ, අත්තානංසස්සතීසමං.

The fool, through postponement, neglects giving, virtue, and so forth. He considers the unstable as stable, and himself as eternal.

114.

114.

බාලොධපාපකංකත්වා, නතංඡට්ටිතුමුස්සහෙ;

කිංබ්‍යග්ඝආදිගච්ඡන්තො, පදංමක්ඛෙතුමුස්සහෙ.

A fool, having done an evil deed, is not able to conceal it. How can one going amongst tigers and the like be able to efface his footprint?

115.

115.

නිද්ධනොපිචකාමෙති[Pg.42], දුබ්බලොවෙරිකංකරො;

මන්දසත්ථොවිවාදත්ථී, තිවිධංමුළ්හලක්ඛණං.

Though without wealth, he is full of desires; though weak, he makes enemies; with poor knowledge, he seeks disputes—this is the threefold mark of a fool.

116.

116.

අනව්හායංගමයන්තො, අපුච්ඡාබහුභාසකො;

අත්තග්ගුණංපසංසන්ති, තිවිධංහීනලක්ඛණං.

Going uninvited, speaking much without being asked, and praising one's own virtues—this is the threefold mark of a base person.

117.

117.

යථාචුට්ටම්පරාපක්කා, බහිරත්තකමෙවච;

අන්තොකිමිලපූරණො, එවංදුජ්ජනධම්මතා.

Just as a pot may be well-polished on the outside, yet within is full of filth, such is the nature of a wicked person.

118.

118.

යදූනකංසණතිතං, යංපූරංසන්තමෙවතං;

අඩ්ඪකුම්භුපමොබාලො, යංපූරකුම්භොවපණ්ඩිතො.

What is deficient makes a sound; what is full is quiet. The fool is like a half-full pot; the wise person is like a full pot.

119.

119.

බුධෙහිසාසමානොපි[Pg.43], ඛලොබහුතකෙතවො;

ඝංසියමානොපඞ්ගාරො, නිලමත්තංනිගච්ඡති.

Even when instructed by the wise, the wicked one is very deceitful. An ember, though rubbed, attains only blackness.

120.

120.

මුළ්හසිස්සොපදෙසෙන, කුනාරීභරණෙනච;

ඛලසත්තූහිසංයොගා, පණ්ඩිතොප්‍යවසීදති.

Through instructing a foolish disciple, through maintaining a bad wife, and through association with wicked enemies, even a wise person comes to ruin.

121.

121.

චාරුතාපරදාරාය, ධනංලොකතපත්තියා;

පසුතංසාධුනාසාය, ඛලෙඛලතරාගුණා.

Charm for another's wife, wealth for worldly affliction, offspring for the destruction of the virtuous—in the wicked, these are exceedingly wicked qualities.

122.

122.

ඉතොහාසතරංලොකෙ[Pg.44], කිඤ්චිතස්සනවිජ්ජති;

දුජ්ජනොතිචයංආහ, සුජනංදුජ්ජනොසයං.

There is nothing in the world more laughable than this: that a wicked person calls a good person 'wicked', while being wicked himself.

123.

123.

නවිනාපරවාදෙන, රමන්තිදුජ්ජනාඛලු;

නසාසබ්බරසෙභුත්වා, විනාසුද්ධෙනතුස්සති.

Indeed, the wicked do not delight without slandering others; having tasted all flavors, they are not satisfied with what is pure.

124.

124.

තප්පතෙයාතිසම්බන්ධං, ද්‍රවංභවත්‍යවනතං;

මුදුදුජ්ජනචිත්තංන කිංලොහෙනපමීයතෙ.

When heated, it forms a bond; becoming liquid, it bends downward. The mind of the wicked is soft; is it not comparable to iron?

125.

125.

තස්මාදුජ්ජනසංසග්ගං[Pg.45], ආසිවීසමිවොරගං;

ආරකාපරිවජ්ජෙය්‍ය, භූතකාමොවිචක්ඛණො.

Therefore, the discerning one who desires well-being should avoid from afar association with the wicked, as one would a venomous snake.

126.

126.

දුජ්ජනෙනහිසංසග්ගං, සත්තුතාපිනයුජ්ජති;

තත්තොවඩය්හත්‍යඞ්ගාරො, සන්තොකාළායතංකරො;

With a wicked person, neither association nor even enmity is fitting. A charcoal ember, when hot, burns; when cool, it blackens.

127.

127.

දුජ්ජනොවජ්ජනීයොව, විජ්ජායාලඞ්කතොපිචෙ;

මණිනාලඞ්කතොසන්තො, සබ්බොකිංනුභයංකරො.

A wicked person, even though adorned with learning, is surely to be avoided. Is not a snake, though adorned with a jewel, fearsome?

128.

128.

අග්ගිනොදහතොදායං, සඛාභවතිමාලුතො;

සොඑවදීපංනාසෙති, ඛලෙනත්ථෙවමිත්තතා.

When fire burns a forest, the wind becomes its friend. That very same wind extinguishes a lamp. Such is friendship with a rogue.

129.

129.

සබ්බොදුට්ඨොඛලොදුට්ඨො[Pg.46], සබ්බාදුට්ඨතරොඛලො;

මන්තොසධෙහිසොසබ්බො, ඛලොකෙනුපසම්මති.

Every wicked thing is wicked, and the rogue is wicked; yet the rogue is more wicked than all. Every other wicked thing may be pacified by charms and herbs, but by what is a rogue pacified?

130.

130.

හදයට්ඨෙනසුතෙන, ඛලොනෙවසුසීලවා;

මධුනාකොටරට්ඨෙන, නිම්බොකිංමධුරොභවෙ.

A rogue does not become virtuous through the learning he possesses, just as a neem tree does not become sweet from honey dwelling in its hollow.

131.

131.

අසතංසම්පයොගෙන, සන්තොපිඅසන්තොභවෙ;

මග්ගොකචවරයුත්තො, උජුම්පිඅසාධුභවෙ.

Through association with the unvirtuous, even a virtuous person becomes unvirtuous. A path strewn with rubbish, even if straight, becomes bad.

132.

132.

පුතිමච්ඡංකුසග්ගෙන[Pg.47], යොනරොඋපනය්හති;

කුසාපිපුතිංවායන්ති, එවංබාලුපසෙවනා.

The person who wraps a rotten fish with kusa grass finds that the kusa grass itself smells rotten. Such is association with fools.

133.

133.

බාලංනපස්සෙනසුණෙ, නචබාසෙනසංවසෙ;

බාලෙනාලාපසල්ලාපං, නකරෙනචරොචයෙ.

One should not see a fool, nor hear him, nor dwell with a fool. One should not engage in conversation or discussion with a fool, nor approve of it.

134.

134.

අනයංනෙතිදුම්මෙධො, අධුරායනියුඤ්ජති;

දුන්නයොසෙය්‍යසොහොති, සම්මාවුත්තොපිකුප්පති;

විනයංසොනජානාති, සාධුසෙනඅදස්සනං.

The foolish person leads to ruin and engages in what is improper. For him, bad conduct is better, and even when spoken to rightly, he becomes angry. He does not know discipline, from not seeing the virtuous.

135.

135.

යාවජීවංපිචෙබාලො[Pg.48], පණ්ඩිතංපයිරූපාසි;

නසොධම්මංවිජානාති, දබ්බිසූපරසංයථා.

Even if a fool associates with a wise person for his entire life, he does not understand the Dhamma, just as a ladle does not know the taste of the soup.

136.

136.

ඵලංවෙකදලිංහන්ති, හන්තිවෙළුනළංඵලං;

සක්කාරොකාපුරිසංහන්ති, ගබ්භොඅස්සතරිංයථා.

Indeed, its fruit destroys the plantain tree; its fruit destroys the bamboo and the reed. Honor destroys a worthless person, just as the fetus destroys the she-mule.

137.

137.

සුනඛොසුනඛංදිස්වා, දන්තංදස්සෙතිහිංසිතුං;

දුජ්ජනොදුජ්ජනංදිස්වා, රොසයංහිංසමිච්ඡති.

A dog, upon seeing another dog, shows its teeth to harm. A wicked person, upon seeing another wicked person, becomes angry and desires to harm.

138.

138.

මණ්ඩූකොපිනුක්කොසීහො[Pg.49], සුකරොපිනුක්කොදීපි;

බිලාරොසදිසොබ්‍යග්ඝො, දුප්පඤ්ඤොපිනපඤ්ඤවා.

Is a frog indeed a lion? Is a pig indeed a leopard? A cat is like a tiger, but a foolish person is not a wise one.

139.

139.

මණ්ඩූකොපිසීහොවිය,කාකොගණ්හෙපිඤ්ඤෙපිඤ්ඤෙ;

බාලොචපණ්ඩිතොවිය,ධීරොපුච්ඡෙවයෙවයෙ.

A frog may seem like a lion, a crow may peck bit by bit; a fool may seem like a wise person, but the truly wise one repeatedly inquires.

140.

140.

කාකොදුට්ඨොසකුණෙසු, ඝරෙදුට්ඨොචමූසිකො;

වානරොචවනෙදුට්ඨො, මනුස්සෙසුචබ්‍රහ්මණො.

The crow is wicked among birds, the mouse is wicked in the house, the monkey is wicked in the forest, and the brahmin is wicked among men.

141.

141.

තිණානිභූමිචොදකං[Pg.50], චතුත්ථංවාක්‍යසුට්ඨුතං;

එතානිහිසතංගෙහෙ, නොඡිජ්ජන්තෙකදාචිපි.

Grass for a seat, a place to rest, water, and fourth, a kind word—these are never lacking in the homes of the virtuous.

142.

142.

අම්බුංපිවන්තිනොනජ්ජො, රුක්ඛාඛාදන්තිනොඵලං;

මෙඝොකදාචිනොසස්සං, පරත්ථායසතංධනං.

Rivers do not drink their own water, trees do not eat their own fruit, and clouds do not eat the harvest. The wealth of the virtuous is for the sake of others.

143.

143.

ගුණාකුබ්බන්තිදූතත්තං[Pg.51], දූරෙපිවසතංසතං;

කෙටකෙගන්ධමාඝාය, ගච්ඡන්තිභමරාසයං.

Virtues act as messengers for good people, even when they live far away; just as bees, smelling the fragrance of the Ketaka flower, go to it of their own accord.

144.

144.

ආකිණ්ණොපිඅසබ්භීධ, අසංසට්ඨොවභද්දකො;

බහුනාසන්නජාතෙන, ගච්ඡෙ නඋම්මත්තකෙන.

Here, though surrounded by the ignoble, one who remains unassociated is truly noble. One should not associate closely with many, nor travel with a madman.

145.

145.

පාපමිත්තෙවිවජ්ජෙත්වා, භජෙය්‍යුත්තමපුග්ගලං;

ඔවාදෙචස්සතිට්ඨෙය්‍ය, පත්ථන්තොඅචලංසුඛං.

Avoiding evil friends, one should associate with superior persons. Desiring unshakable happiness, one should abide by their instruction.

146.

146.

යථාචපනසාපක්කා, බහිසණ්ඩකමෙවච;

අන්තොඅමතපූරණො, එවං සුජනධම්මතා.

Just as a ripe jackfruit, though thorny on the outside, is filled with nectar within, so is the nature of a good person.

147.

147.

තග්ගරඤ්ජපලාසෙන[Pg.52], යොනරොඋපනය්හති;

පත්තාපිගන්ධංවායන්ති, එවංධීරුපසෙවනා.

Whoever wraps tagara powder in a palāsa leaf, the leaf itself will give off the fragrance. Such is association with the wise.

148.

148.

ධීරංපස්සෙසුණෙධීරං, ධීරෙනසහසංවසෙ;

ධීරෙනාලාපසල්ලාපං, තංකරෙතඤ්චරොචයෙ.

One should see the wise and hear the wise; one should live together with the wise. One should engage in conversation and discussion with the wise; one should do so and delight in it.

149.

149.

නයංනයති මෙධාවී, අධුරායනයුජ්ජති;

සුනයොසෙය්‍යසොහොති, සම්මාවුත්තොනකුප්පති;

විනයංසොපජානාති, සාධුතෙනසමාගමො.

The wise one leads rightly, not yoked to what is unsuitable. Being well-led is better; rightly spoken to, he is not angered. He understands discipline; association with him is good.

150.

150.

අප්පකෙනපිචෙවිඤ්ඤූ[Pg.53], පණ්ඩිතංපයිරූපාසි;

ඛිප්පංධම්මංවිජානාති, ජිව්හාසූපරසංයථා.

Even if a discerning person associates with a wise one for but a short while, he quickly understands the Dhamma, just as the tongue perceives the flavor of soup.

151.

151.

බාහුබලඤ්චඅමච්චං, භොගංඅභිජච්චංබලං;

ඉමෙහිචතුබලෙහි, පඤ්ඤාවෙසෙඨතංබලං.

Strength of arm, a minister, wealth, and noble birth are strengths; among these four strengths, wisdom is indeed the most excellent strength.

152.

152.

බලංපක්ඛීනමාකාසො[Pg.54], මච්ඡානංඋදකංබලං;

දුබ්බලස්සබලංරාජා, කුමාරානංරුදංබලං.

The sky is the strength of birds, water is the strength of fish. A king is the strength of the weak, crying is the strength of children.

153.

153.

බලංචන්දොබලංසූරො, බලංසමණබ්‍රහ්මණා;

බලංවෙලංසමුද්දස්ස, බලංතිබලමිත්ථියා.

The moon is strength, the sun is strength, ascetics and brahmins are strength. The shore is the ocean's strength, and for a woman, strength is threefold.

154.

154.

සපාදානංබලංසීහො, තතොපුළුවකොබලං;

තතොකිප්පිලිකොනරො, රාජාසබ්බෙසමන්තතො.

The lion is the strength among quadrupeds, and then the bullock. Then the ant, and then man. The king is the ultimate among all.

155.

155.

ගතිමිගානංපවනං, ආකාසොපක්ඛිනංගති;

විරාගොගතිධම්මානං, නිබ්බානාරහතංගති.

The forest is the resort of beasts, the sky is the course of birds. Dispassion is the destination of the teachings, Nibbāna is the destination of the Arahants.

156.

156.

චරෙය්‍යකුලජංපඤ්ඤො[Pg.55], විරූපමවිකඤ්ඤකං;

හීනායපිසුරූපාය, විවාහසදිසංකරෙ.

A wise man should consort with a maiden of good family, even if she is ugly. He should not enter into marriage with one of low birth, even if she is beautiful.

157.

157.

සාමාමිගක්ඛීසුකෙසී, තනුමජ්ඣිමදන්තවා;

දස්සනීයාමුඛවණ්ණා, ගම්භීරනාභිවාචකා;

සුසීලාවායමතිච, හීනකුලංපිවාහයෙ.

Golden-complexioned, with eyes like a gazelle, with beautiful hair, slender-waisted and with fine teeth; lovely in face and complexion, with a deep navel and a sweet voice; virtuous, energetic, and intelligent—such a one, even if from a low family, one should marry.

158.

158.

සුත්තොමාතාවභොජෙසි[Pg.56], භරණෙසුචධාතියො;

කම්මෙසුසකපන්ති ච, කතකම්මෙසුධාතිනං.

She feeds him as a mother, and in supporting him, she is like a nurse. She is capable in her tasks, and in the duties performed, she is a supporter.

159.

159.

ධම්මෙසුපතිට්ඨානිච්චං, සයනෙසුචවණ්ණිභා;

කුලෙසුභාතරංවාචී, යානාරීසෙට්ඨසම්මතා.

She is ever established in virtue, and in her conduct, blameless. To her husband's family she is not harsh-spoken; such a woman is esteemed as the best.

160.

160.

යොනංභරතිසබ්බදා[Pg.57], නිච්චංආතාපිඋස්සුකො;

සබ්බකාමහරංපොසං, භත්තාරංනාතිමඤ්ඤති.

She does not despise her husband who always supports her, who is ever ardent and energetic, the man who provides all that she desires.

161.

161.

නචාපිස්වත්ථිභත්තාරං, ඉච්ඡාචාරෙනරොසයෙ;

භත්තුචගරුනොසබ්බෙ, පතිපූජෙතිපණ්ඩිතා.

She does not anger her husband by acting on her own whim. A wise woman reveres her husband and all who are respected by him.

162.

162.

උට්ඨාහිකාඅනලස්සා, සඞ්ගාහිකාපරිජනෙ;

භත්තුමනාපංචරති, සම්භතමනුරක්ඛති.

Energetic, not lazy, caring for her household, she acts in a way that pleases her husband and protects the wealth he has acquired.

163.

163.

එවංවත්තතියානාරී, භත්තුඡන්දවසානුගා;

මනාපානාමතෙදෙවා, යත්ථසාඋපපජ්ජති.

A woman who thus conducts herself, following the will of her husband, is reborn among the gods called the Manāpāyikā.

164.

164.

ඉත්ථියෙකච්චියොවාපි[Pg.58], සෙය්‍යාවුත්තාවමුනිනා;

භණ්ඩානංඋත්තමාඉත්ථී, අග්ගුපට්ඨායිකාතිපි.

Indeed, some women are said by the sage to be excellent. A woman is the best of possessions, and also the foremost attendant.

165.

165.

මාතරාධීතරාවාපි, භගිනියාවිචක්ඛණො;

නවිවිත්තාසනෙමන්තෙ, නාරීමායාවිනීනනු.

A discerning man should not confer in a secluded seat with his mother, or daughter, or sister; for are not women indeed deceitful?

166.

166.

විජ්ජුතානඤ්චලොලත්තං, සත්ථානඤ්චාතිතික්ඛණං;

සිඞ්ඝතංවායුතෙජානං, අනුකුබ්බන්තිනාරියො.

Women imitate the fickleness of lightning, the extreme sharpness of weapons, and the swiftness of wind and fire.

167.

167.

දිගුණොථීනමාහාරො[Pg.59],බුද්ධිචාපිචතුග්ගුණො;

ඡගුණොහොතිවායාමො,කාමොත්වට්ඨගුණොභවෙ.

A woman's food intake is twofold, her intelligence is fourfold; her energy is sixfold, and her sensual desire is eightfold.

168.

168.

එකමෙකායඉත්ථියා, අට්ඨඅට්ඨපතිනොසියුං;

සූරොචපලවන්තොච, සබ්බකාමරසාහරා;

කරෙය්‍යනවමෙඡන්දං, උන්නත්තාහිනපූරති.

Even if a single woman had eight husbands, heroic, strong, and providing all sensual pleasures, she would still create desire for a ninth; for being insatiable, she is never filled.

169.

169.

විවාදසීලීඋස්සුයා[Pg.60], පස්සන්තතණ්හිකාගතා;

අමිතාභුඤ්ජනානිද්දා, සතංපුත්තංපිතංජහෙ.

Quarrelsome, envious, given to craving for sights, eating without measure, and fond of sleep, she would abandon even a hundred sons and her father.

170.

170.

ලපන්තීසද්ධිමඤ්ඤෙන, පස්සන්තඤ්ඤංසවිබ්භමා;

චිත්තකංචින්තයන්තඤ්ඤං, නාරීනංනාමකොපියො.

Speaking with one, looking at another with coquetry, and thinking of yet another in her heart—who, indeed, is truly dear to a woman?

171.

171.

ගණ්හෙය්‍යවාතංජාලෙන, සාගරමෙකපාණිනා;

ඔසිඤ්චෙය්‍යචතාළෙන, සකෙනජනයෙරවං;

පමාදාසුවිසජ්ජෙය්‍ය, ඉත්ථියෙසාවධම්මතා.

One might catch the wind with a net, or scoop the ocean with a single hand. One might easily abandon all through negligence; such is the lawless nature of a woman.

172.

172.

ජිව්හාසහස්සිකොයොහි[Pg.61], ජීවෙවස්සසතංනරො;

තෙනනිකම්මුනාවුත්තො, ථිදොසොකිංඛයංගතො.

If a man with a thousand tongues were to live for a hundred years, and by him it was said without action, how would the fault of women be destroyed?

173.

173.

පඤ්චඨානානිසම්පස්සං[Pg.62], පුත්තමිච්ඡන්තිපණ්ඩිතා;

භතොවානොභරිස්සති, කිච්චංවානොකරිස්සති.

Foreseeing five reasons, the wise desire a son, thinking: 'Having been supported by us, he will support us in turn, or he will do our work for us.'

174.

174.

කුලවංසොචිරංතිට්ඨෙ, දායජ්ජංපතිපජ්ජති;

අථවාපනපෙතානං, දක්ඛිණානුපදස්සති.

'Our family lineage will long endure; he will manage the inheritance; or, when we have passed away, he will give offerings on our behalf.'

175.

175.

අතිජාතමනුජාතං, පුත්තමිච්ඡන්තිපණ්ඩිතා;

අවජාතංනඉච්ඡන්ති, යොහොතිකුලඡින්නකො.

The wise desire a son who is superior or equal to them; they do not desire one who is inferior, who would be a destroyer of the family.

176.

176.

එකූදරසමුප්පන්නා, නභවන්තිසමස්සමා;

නානාවණ්ණානානාචරා, යථාබදරකණ්ඩකා.

Though born from one womb, they are not all alike; they are of various appearances and various conducts, like the thorns of the jujube tree.

177.

177.

අදම්මෙබහවොදොසෙ[Pg.63], දම්මෙතුබහවොගුණෙ;

තස්මාපුත්තඤ්චසිස්සඤ්ච, දම්මකාලෙවදම්මයෙ.

In the untamed there are many faults, but in the tamed there are many virtues; therefore, a son and a disciple should be trained at the proper time.

178.

178.

ඔවාදෙය්‍යානුසාසෙය්‍ය,අසප්පායානිවාරයෙ;

දන්තොහියොපියොහොති,අදන්තොහොතිඅප්පියො.

One should advise and instruct; one should restrain from what is unsuitable. For the disciplined one is dear, the undisciplined one is disliked.

179.

179.

පුත්තංවාභාතරංදුට්ඨං, අනුසාසෙය්‍යනොජහෙ;

කිංනුඡෙජ්ජංහත්ථපාදං, ලිත්තඅසුචිනාසියා.

Even if a son or brother is wicked, one should admonish him, not abandon him. Why should one cut off a hand or foot smeared with impurity?

180.

180.

අන්තොජාතොධනක්කිතො[Pg.64], දාසබ්‍යොපගතොසයං;

දාසාකරමරානිතො, ඉච්චෙවංචතුධාසියුං.

Born within the household, bought with wealth, having become a slave by oneself, and brought as a captive—thus are slaves of four kinds.

181.

181.

දාසාපඤ්චෙවචොරය්‍ය, සඛඤාතත්තසදිසා;

තථාවිඤ්ඤූහිවිඤ්ඤෙය්‍ය, මිත්තාදාරාචබන්ධවා.

Slaves, thieves, friends, relatives, and those like oneself—these are five. Thus should the wise discern friends, wives, and relatives.

182.

182.

දුට්ඨදාරෙනඅමිත්‍යා[Pg.65], දාසොචුත්තරවාචකො;

සසප්පෙචඝරෙවාසො, මච්චුමෙවනසංසයො.

A wicked wife is an enemy, as is a servant who talks back. Dwelling in a house with a snake—this is death itself, there is no doubt.

183.

183.

යසංලාභංපත්ථයන්තං, නරංවජ්ජන්තිදූරතො;

තස්මාඅනපෙක්ඛිත්වාන, තංමග්ගංමග්ගයෙබුධො.

People avoid from afar a man who seeks fame and gain. Therefore, without regard for these, the wise one should seek the path.

184.

184.

ඛලංසාලංපසුංඛෙත්තං[Pg.66], ගන්තාචස්සඅභික්ඛණං;

මිතංධඤ්ඤංනිධාපෙය්‍ය, මිතඤ්චපාචයෙඝරෙ.

One should frequently visit the threshing floor, the granary, the cattle, and the field. One should store a measured amount of grain, and cook a measured amount at home.

185.

185.

අඤ්ජනානංඛයංදිස්වා, වම්මිකානඤ්චසඤ්චයං;

මධූනඤ්චසමාහාරං, පණ්ඩිතොඝරමාවසෙ.

Seeing the depletion of collyrium, the accumulation of anthills, and the gathering of honey, the wise one should dwell at home.

186.

186.

සයංආයංවයංජඤ්ඤා, සයංජඤ්ඤාකතාකතං;

නිග්ගණ්හෙනිග්ගණ්හාරහං, පග්ගණ්හෙපග්ගණ්හාරහං.

One should know one's own income and expenditure; one should know what has been done and what has not been done. One should censure the censurable and commend the commendable.

187.

187.

එකයාමොනරාධිප්පො[Pg.67],ද්වියාමොපණ්ඩිතොනරො;

තයොයාමොඝරාවාසොච,චතුයාමොචදුග්ගතො.

For one watch of sleep, a man is a king; for two, a wise man; for three, a householder; and for four, a wretched one.

188.

188.

යොචබන්ධුහිතෙයුත්තො,සොපිතායොචපොසකො;

තංමිත්තංයත්ථවිසාසො,භරියායත්ථනිබ්බුති.

He who is devoted to the welfare of his kin is a father; he who provides is also a father. A friend is one in whom there is trust; a wife is one with whom there is peace.

189.

189.

සද්ධාපෙමෙසුසන්තෙසු, නගණෙමාසකංසතං;

සද්ධාපෙමෙඅසන්තෙසු, මාසකංපිසතංගණෙ.

When faithful and loving ones are present, one need not count a hundred coins. When the unfaithful and unloving are present, one should count a single coin as if it were a hundred.

190.

190.

යාචකොඅපියොහොති[Pg.68], යාචංඅදදමප්පියං;

තස්මාසෙට්ඨනරොලොකෙ, ධනංසිප්පංපරිග්ගහෙ.

A beggar is disliked, and not giving when begged is also disliked. Therefore, the best man in the world is he who acquires wealth and skill.

191.

191.

සබ්බදාපිධනංරක්ඛෙ, දාරංරක්ඛෙධනංපිච;

දාරංධනඤ්චඅත්තානං, රක්ඛායෙවසදාභවෙ.

One should always guard wealth; one should guard one's wife and wealth too. One's wife, wealth, and oneself—these should always be guarded.

192.

192.

නසාධාරණදාරස්ස, නභුඤ්ජෙසාදුමෙකකො;

නසෙවෙලොකායතිකං, නෙතංපඤ්ඤායවඩ්ඪනං.

One should not have a wife in common with another; one should not enjoy delicacies alone. One should not follow the materialist doctrine, for that does not lead to the growth of wisdom.

193.

193.

සීලවාවත්තසම්පන්නො[Pg.69], අප්පමත්තොවිචක්ඛණො;

නිවාතවුත්තිඅථද්ධො, සූරතොසඛිලොමුදු.

Virtuous, endowed with good habits, diligent, discerning; of humble conduct, not rigid, brave, friendly, and gentle.

194.

194.

සඞ්ගහෙතාවමිත්තානං, සංවිභාගීවිජානවා;

තප්පෙය්‍යඅන්නපානෙන, සදාසමණබ්‍රහ්මණා.

A gatherer of friends, generous and discerning, should always satisfy ascetics and brahmins with food and drink.

195.

195.

ධම්මකාමොසුතද්ධරො, භවෙය්‍යපරිපුච්ඡාකො;

සක්කච්චංපයිරූපාසෙ, සීලවන්තෙබහුස්සුතෙ.

One should be a lover of the Dhamma, a bearer of the teachings, and one who questions thoroughly. One should respectfully associate with the virtuous and the very learned.

196.

196.

පුබ්බසිරොසිමෙධාවී[Pg.70], දීඝායුදක්ඛිණංසිරො;

පච්ඡිමොචිත්තසන්තොසි, මරණංඋත්තරොභවෙ.

With one's head to the east, one becomes wise; with one's head to the south, long-lived; to the west, content in mind; to the north, there will be death.

197.

197.

ආයුමාපාචිනංමූඛං, ධනවාදක්ඛිණංභවෙ;

පච්ඡිමංයසසීභුඤ්ජෙ, නොභුඤ්ජෙඋත්තරංමුඛං;

Eating while facing east brings long life; facing south, one becomes wealthy; facing west, one gains fame; one should not eat while facing north.

198.

198.

භුත්වානිසීදනංථූලං, තිට්ඨන්තොබලවඩ්ඪනො;

ආයුමාචඞ්කමොසියා, ධාවන්තොරොගවජ්ජිතො.

After eating, sitting leads to corpulence; standing increases strength; walking promotes long life; running keeps one free from disease.

199.

199.

යොචසිතඤ්චඋණ්හඤ්ච[Pg.71], තිණාභිය්‍යොනමඤ්ඤති;

කරංපුරිසකිච්චානි, සොසුඛානවිහායති.

He who regards cold and heat as no more than a blade of grass, and performs the duties of a man, does not fall away from happiness.

200.

200.

විසම්හාමතමාදෙය්‍ය, අසුද්ධම්හාපිකඤ්චනං;

නීචම්හාප්‍යුත්තමොවිජ්ජං, රතනථිංපිදුක්කුලා.

One should take nectar from poison, and gold even from an impure source. One should take the highest knowledge even from a lowly person, and a jewel of a woman even from a bad family.

201.

201.

ගුය්හමත්ථමසම්බුද්ධං, සම්බොධයතියොනරො;

මන්තභෙදභයාතස්ස, දාසභූතොතිතික්ඛති.

The man who explains a secret matter to one who does not understand it must, for fear of the secret being betrayed, endure him by becoming like his servant.

202.

202.

අඤ්ඤාතවාසවසතා, ජාතවෙදසමෙනපි;

ඛමිතබ්බංසපඤ්ඤෙන, අපිදාසස්සතජ්ජිතං.

A wise person, even if living incognito or being as powerful as fire, should forgive even the scolding of a servant.

203.

203.

ධනධඤ්ඤපයොගෙසු[Pg.72], තථාවිජ්ජාගමෙසුච;

දූතෙචබ්‍යාහාරෙසු, චත්තොලජ්ජංසදාභවෙ.

In the use of wealth and grain, likewise in the acquisition of knowledge, in matters of messengers and in business, one should always be without shame.

204.

204.

නහිකොචිකතෙකිච්චෙ, කත්තාරංසමපෙක්ඛතෙ;

තස්මාසබ්බානිකම්මානි, සාවසෙසානිකාරයෙ.

When a task is done, no one considers the doer. Therefore, one should have all tasks done with something left remaining.

205.

205.

උපකාරංහිතෙනෙව, සත්තුනාසත්තුමුද්ධරෙ;

පාදලග්ගංකරට්ඨෙන, කණ්ඩකෙනෙවකණ්ඩකං.

By means of a helpful deed, one should remove an enemy with an enemy, just as one removes a thorn stuck in the foot with another thorn.

206.

206.

නමෙනමන්තස්සභජෙභජන්තං[Pg.73],කිච්චානිකුබ්බස්සකරෙය්‍යකිච්චං;

නානත්ථකාමස්සකරෙය්‍යඅත්ථං,අසම්භජන්තංපිනසම්භජෙය්‍ය.

One should return service for service, and perform a task for one who performs a task. One should not work for the benefit of one who does not desire it, nor associate with one who does not associate.

207.

207.

වජෙචජන්තිසිනෙහාකිරියා,අපෙමචිත්තෙන නසම්භජෙය්‍ය;

දිජොවදුමංඛිණඵලංඤත්වා,අඤ්ඤංඅපෙක්ඛෙය්‍යමහාහිලොකො.

One should avoid a person of fickle affection; one should not associate with a loveless mind. Just as a bird, knowing a tree to be fruitless, seeks another—for the world is indeed vast.

208.

208.

චජෙඑකංකුලස්සත්ථං, ගාමස්සත්ථංකුලංචජෙ,ගාමංජනපදස්සත්ථං, අත්තත්ථංපථවිංචජෙ.

For the sake of the family, one should sacrifice an individual. For the sake of the village, one should sacrifice a family. For the sake of the country, one should sacrifice a village. For the sake of the Self, one should renounce the whole world.

209.

209.

ධනංචජෙඅඞ්ගංවරස්සහෙතු[Pg.74],අඞ්ගංචජෙජීවිතංරක්ඛමානො;

ධනංඅඞ්ගංජීවිතඤ්චාපිසබ්බං,චජෙනරොධම්මමනුස්සරන්තො.

For the sake of a superior goal, one should relinquish wealth and a limb; protecting one's life, one should relinquish a limb. But a man, recollecting the Dhamma, should relinquish wealth, a limb, and even life—all of it.

210.

210.

අහාගච්ඡන්තිහායන්තා, සත්තානමිහජීවිතං;

තස්මාහිමාපමත්තතං, ගච්ඡන්තුජිනසාසනෙ.

Days come and go, ever declining; thus is the life of beings here. Therefore, let them not be heedless in the teaching of the Conqueror.

211.

211.

එතෙසිය්‍යොසමායන්ති[Pg.75], සන්තිතෙසංනජීරති;

යොඅධිප්පන්නංසහති, යොචජානාතිදෙසනං.

For him who endures what has befallen and who understands the teaching, these things come together for the better; for them, peace does not decay.

212.

212.

අග්ගිආපොඉත්ථීමුළ්හො, සප්පොරාජකුලානිච;

පයතනොවගන්තබ්බො, මච්චුපාණහරානිති.

Fire, water, a foolish woman, a snake, and royal families—these should be carefully avoided, for they are death and takers of life.

213.

213.

සත්ථංසුනිච්ඡිතමපීතිවිචින්තනීයං,සාරාධිතොප්‍යවනිපොපරිසඞ්කනීයො;

හත්ථඞ්ගතාපියුවතීපරිරක්ඛනීයා,සත්ථාවනීපයුවතීසුකුතොවසීතං.

A weapon, though well-ascertained, should be regarded with caution; a king, though well-served, is to be suspected; a young woman, though in one's hand, should be carefully guarded. Whence is there good control over a weapon, a king, or a young woman?

214.

214.

උස්සාහොරිපුවමිත්තං[Pg.76], අලසොමිත්තංවරිපු,විසංවියාමතංවිජ්ජා, පමාදොඅමතංවිසං.

Exertion is an enemy, a friend to be cast out; sloth is a friend that is like an enemy. Knowledge is nectar, yet like poison; heedlessness is poison to the deathless.

215.

215.

වහෙඅමිත්තංඛන්ධෙන, යාවකාලෙඅනාගතෙ;

තමෙවආගතෙකාලෙ, භින්දෙකුම්භංවසිලායං.

One should carry an enemy on one's shoulder, so long as the time has not yet come. When that very time has arrived, one should shatter him like a pot upon a stone.

216.

216.

සිඞ්ගිංපඤ්ඤාසහත්ථෙන[Pg.77], සතෙනවාහනංචජෙ;

හත්ථීනන්තුසහස්සෙන, දෙසචජ්ජෙනදුජ්ජනං.

One should keep fifty cubits from a horned animal, a hundred from a horse, a thousand from an elephant; but one should abandon the country itself to avoid a wicked person.

217.

217.

පච්චක්ඛෙගරවොසංසෙ, පරොක්ඛෙමිත්තබන්ධවෙ;

කම්මන්තෙචදාසභච්චෙ, පුත්තදාරෙසංසෙමතෙ.

Praise the venerable in their presence; friends and relatives in their absence. Praise slaves and servants for their work, and sons and wives when they are dead.

218.

218.

සිනෙසිප්පංසිනෙධනං, සිනෙපබ්බතමාරුහෙ;

සිනෙකාමොචකොධොච, ඉමෙපඤ්චසිනෙසිනෙ.

Gradually learn a skill, gradually acquire wealth, gradually ascend a mountain. Gradually overcome lust and anger—these five, gradually, gradually.

219.

219.

සතංචක්ඛුසතංකණ්ණා[Pg.78], නායකස්සසුතොසදා;

තථාපිඅන්ධබධිරො, එසානායකධම්මතා.

A leader is said to have a hundred eyes and a hundred ears, always hearing; yet still he is blind and deaf. This is the nature of a leader.

220.

220.

බහූනංඅප්පසාරානං, සාමග්ගියාතිදුජ්ජයො;

තිණෙනවට්ටතෙරජ්ජු, තෙනනාගොපිබන්ධතෙ.

Many of little strength, through unity, are very hard to conquer. A rope is twisted from blades of grass, and by it even an elephant is bound.

221.

221.

උප්පජ්ජතෙසචෙකොධො, ආවජ්ජෙකකචූපමං;

උප්පජ්ජතෙරසෙතණ්හා, පුත්තමංසූපමංසරෙ.

If anger should arise, one should reflect on the simile of the saw. If craving for tastes should arise, one should remember the simile of the son's flesh.

222.

222.

දානංසිනෙහභෙසජ්ජං, මච්ඡෙරංදොසනොසධං;

දානංයසස්සිභෙසජ්ජං, මච්ඡෙරංකප්පනොසධං.

Giving is the medicine that brings affection; stinginess, the medicine that brings hatred. Giving is the medicine that brings fame; stinginess, the medicine that brings ruin.

223.

223.

ධනමිච්ඡෙවණිජ්ජෙය්‍ය[Pg.79], සිප්පමිච්ඡෙබහුස්සුතෙ;

පුත්තමිච්ඡෙනාරිකඤ්ඤෙ, රාජාමච්චංඉච්ඡාගතෙ.

He who desires wealth should engage in trade; he who desires a skill should seek much learning. He who desires a son should seek a young maiden; he who desires to be a royal minister should approach the king.

224.

224.

මහන්තංවට්ටරුක්ඛාදිං, ඛුද්දබීජංබහුප්ඵලං;

සක්ඛිංකත්වාඋදික්ඛෙය්‍ය, පුඤ්ඤපාපංකරොනරො.

Having witnessed a great banyan tree, bearing much fruit from a tiny seed, a person should reflect upon the acts of merit and demerit he performs.

225.

225.

ගරුකාතබ්බපොසෙසු, නීචවුත්තිංකරොතියො;

නීචත්තංසොපහන්ත්වාන, උත්තමත්ථෙපතිට්ඨති.

He who behaves humbly toward those deserving of respect, having thus overcome his own lowliness, becomes established in the highest state.

226.

226.

උත්තමංපණිපාතෙන[Pg.80], සූරංභෙදෙනවිජයෙ;

හීනමප්පපදානෙන, වික්කමෙනසමංජයෙ.

One should conquer a superior by obeisance, a hero by sowing division, an inferior by a small gift, and an equal by valor.

227.

227.

නත්තදොසංපරෙජඤ්ඤා, ජඤ්ඤාදොසංපරස්සතු;

කුම්මොගුය්හාඉවඞ්ගානි, පරභාවඤ්චලක්ඛයෙ.

Let others not know one's own faults, but let one know the faults of others. One should hide one's own nature like a tortoise drawing in its limbs, and observe the state of others.

228.

228.

උස්සූරසෙය්‍යංආලස්‍යං[Pg.81], චණ්ඩික්කංදීඝසුත්තියං;

එකස්සද්ධානගමනං, පරදාරුපසෙවනං;

එතංබ්‍රහ්මණස්සෙවස්සු, අනත්ථායභවිස්සති.

Sleeping until the sun is high, laziness, harshness, procrastination, traveling a long road alone, and consorting with another's wife—these things will surely be for a brahmin's ruin.

229.

229.

සුරායොගොවිකාලොච, සමජ්ජානඝරඞ්ගතො;

ඛිඩ්ඩධුත්තොපාපමිත්තො, අලසොසොඉමෙජනා;

මහාභොගාවිනස්සන්ති, හීනභාවස්සිදංඵලං.

Indulgence in intoxicants, wandering at untimely hours, frequenting fairs, addiction to gambling, having evil friends, and being lazy—for people such as these, great wealth is destroyed. This is the fruit of a degraded state.

230.

230.

අතිසීතංඅතිඋණ්හං, අතිසායමිදංඅහු;

ඉතිවිස්සට්ඨකම්මන්තෙ, ඛණාඅච්චන්තිමාණවෙ.

'It is too cold, it is too hot, it is too late in the evening'—for the young man who thus shirks his work, the opportune moments pass him by.

231.

231.

පරනාසනතොනට්ඨො[Pg.82], පුරෙවපරනාසකො;

සිඞ්ඝංවආනසංයාති, තිණොපාසාදඣාපකො.

By destroying others, the destroyer of others is himself destroyed. The burner of grass huts and palaces goes to ruin, just as a lion does.

232.

232.

නවිසාසෙඅමිත්තස්ස, මිත්තඤ්චාපිනවිසාසෙ;

කදාචිකුප්පිතොමිත්තො, සබ්බදොසපකාසකො.

One should not trust an enemy, nor should one trust even a friend. For a friend, when angered, may at some time reveal all of one's faults.

233.

233.

කුදෙසඤ්චකුමිත්තඤ්ච, කුසම්බන්ධංකුබන්ධවං;

කුදාරඤ්චකුරාජානං, දූරතොපරිවජ්ජයෙ.

A bad country, a bad friend, a bad connection, a bad relative, a bad wife, and a bad king—these one should avoid from afar.

234.

234.

කක්කටොඅසීසොයාති[Pg.83], සබ්බාපදොවගච්ඡති;

අථනීකුක්කුටීපුත්තා, පුරිසෙනාවමඤ්ඤරෙ.

A headless crab goes to ruin and falls into every misfortune. Likewise, the chicks of a motherless hen are despised by men.

235.

235.

හීනපුත්තොරාජාමච්චො, බාලපුත්තොපිපණ්ඩිතො;

අධනස්සපුත්තොසෙට්ඨි, පුරිසෙනාවමඤ්ඤරෙ.

The son of a low-born man who becomes a royal minister, the son of a fool who becomes a wise man, and the son of a poor man who becomes a magnate—these are despised by men.

236.

236.

යෙනමිච්ඡතිසම්බන්ධං, තෙනතීණිනකාරයෙ;

විවාදමත්ථසම්බන්ධං, පරොක්ඛෙදාරදස්සනං.

With one with whom a person desires a lasting connection, one should not engage in three things: disputes, financial dealings, and allowing one's wife to be seen in one's absence.

237.

237.

ඉණසෙසොඅග්ගිසෙසො[Pg.84],සත්‍රුසෙසොතථෙවච;

පුනප්පුනම්පිවඩ්ඪන්ති,තස්මාසෙසංනකාරයෙ.

A remnant of debt, a remnant of fire, and likewise a remnant of an enemy—these grow again and again. Therefore, one should leave no remnant of them.

238.

238.

කුලජාතොකුලපුත්තො, කුලවංසසුරක්ඛිතො;

අත්තනාදුක්ඛපත්තොපි, හීනකම්මංනකාරයෙ.

A son of good family, well-born and well-guarded in his lineage, even when he himself has met with suffering, should not perform a base action.

239.

239.

සමිද්ධොධනධඤ්ඤෙන, නකට්ඨොදතිණග්ගිහි;

සබ්බතොදුග්ගතොනට්ඨො, තස්මානදුක්කටංකරෙ.

One who is prosperous with wealth and grain, but not with firewood, water, grass, and fire, is everywhere afflicted and ruined. Therefore, one should not do wrong.

240.

240.

නගණස්සග්ගථොගච්ඡෙ[Pg.85], සිද්ධෙකම්මෙසමංඵලං;

කම්මවිප්පත්තිචෙහොති, ඵරුසංතස්සභාසයෙ.

One should not go to the front of a group. If the work is successful, the fruit is equal. But if there is a failure in the work, one will be spoken to harshly.

241.

241.

බාලක්කොපෙතධූමොච, වුඩ්ඪිත්ථිපල්ලලොදකං;

ආයුක්ඛයකරංනිච්චං, රත්තොචදධිභොජනං.

Smoke for a child, stagnant water for an old woman, and eating curd at night—these always cause the decay of life.

242.

242.

ඉත්ථීනංදුජ්ජනානඤ්ච, විසාසොනොපපජ්ජතෙ;

විසෙසිගිම්හිනදියං, රොගෙරාජකුලම්හිච.

In women and wicked people, trust does not arise; especially not in a summer river, in disease, and in a royal family.

243.

243.

අයුත්තකම්මාරභනංවිරොධො[Pg.86],සඞ්ඝස්සයුද්ධඤ්චමහාබලෙහි;

විසාසකම්මංපමදාසුනිච්චං,ද්වාරානිමච්චුස්සවදන්තිවිද්වා.

Undertaking improper actions, conflict, a community's battle with the very powerful, and constant acts of trust in women—the wise declare these to be the doors to death.

244.

244.

ථියොසෙවෙය්‍යනච්චන්තං, සාදුභුඤ්ජෙය්‍යනාහිතං;

පූජයෙමානයෙවුඩ්ඪෙ, ගරුංමායායනොභජෙ.

One should not serve women excessively; one should eat what is delicious, not what is unwholesome. One should honor and respect the elders; one should not associate with a deceitful teacher.

245.

245.

විනාසත්ථංනගච්ඡෙය්‍ය, සූරොසඞ්ගාමභූමියං;

පණ්ඩිත්වද්ධගූවාණිජ්ජො, විදෙසගමනොතථා.

A hero should not go to the battlefield for his own destruction; likewise, neither should a wise person, a traveler, a merchant, nor one going to a foreign country.

246.

246.

දෙහීතිවචනද්වාරා[Pg.87], දෙහට්ඨාපඤ්චදෙවතා;

සජ්ජනිය්‍යන්තිධිකිත්ති, මතිහීරිසිරීපිච.

Through the door of the word 'Give!', five deities established in the body are generated: fortitude, fame, intelligence, conscience, and prosperity.

247.

247.

නත්ථීතිවචනංදුක්ඛං, දෙහීතිවචනංතථා;

වාක්‍යනත්ථීතිදෙහීති, මාභවෙය්‍යභවාභවෙ.

The word 'There is not' is suffering; likewise, the word 'Give!'. May the statements 'There is not' and 'Give!' not occur in any state of existence.

248.

248.

යත්ථවොසංනජානන්ති, ජාතියාවිනයෙනවා;

නතත්ථමානංකිරියා, ජනෙවසමඤ්ඤාතකෙ.

Where they do not know one's standing, whether by birth or by discipline, there one should not perform acts of respect, even among well-known people.

249.

249.

මාතාහීනස්සදුබ්භාසා[Pg.88], පිතාහීනස්සදුක්‍රියා;

උභොමාතාපිතාහීනා, දුබ්භාසාචදුක්කිරියා.

For one without a mother, there is bad speech; for one without a father, there is bad action. For one without both mother and father, there is bad speech and bad action.

250.

250.

මාතාසෙට්ඨස්සසුභාසා,පිතාසෙට්ඨස්සසුකිරියා;

උභොමාතාපිතාසෙට්ඨා,සුභාසාචසුකිරියා.

For one whose mother is excellent, there is good speech; for one whose father is excellent, there is good action. For one whose mother and father are both excellent, there is good speech and good action.

251.

251.

අතිදීඝොමහාමුළ්හො[Pg.89], මජ්ඣිමොචවිචක්ඛණො;

වාසුදෙවංපුරෙක්ඛිත්වා, සබ්බෙවාමනකාසඨා.

The excessively tall person is a great fool; the person of middle height is discerning. With Vāsudeva as the prime example, all dwarves are deceitful.

252.

252.

ආචාරොකුලමක්ඛාති, දෙසමක්ඛතිභාසිතං;

සම්භවොපෙමමක්ඛාති, දෙහමක්ඛාතිභොජනං.

Conduct reveals the family; speech reveals the country. Origin reveals affection; food reveals the body.

253.

253.

ජලප්පමාණංකුමුදනාළං,කුලප්පමාණංකරණකම්මං;

පඤ්ඤාපමාණංකථිතවාක්‍යං,භූමිප්පමාණංභජ්ජලතිණං.

The measure of the water is the lotus stalk; the measure of the lineage is its actions; the measure of wisdom is the spoken word; the measure of the land is the type of grass.

254.

254.

ජවෙනභද්‍රංජානන්ති[Pg.90], වහෙනචබලිබද්ධං;

දුහෙනධෙනුජානන්ති, භාසමානෙනපණ්ඩිතං.

They know a noble horse by its speed, and a draught ox by its burden. They know a milk-cow by her milking, and a wise man by his speech.

255.

255.

ජානෙය්‍යපෙසනෙභච්චං බන්ධවංපිභයාගමෙ,බ්‍යසනෙචතථාමිත්තං, දාරඤ්චවිභවක්ඛයෙ.

One should know a servant in an errand, a relative when fear arises, a friend in misfortune, and a wife when wealth is destroyed.

256.

256.

විනාසත්ථංනජානන්ති, කාලංසබ්බෙපිජොතිකා;

කුක්කුටාපනජානන්ති, තතොරුක්ඛාතතොභ්වාපා.

All the heavenly bodies do not know the time of destruction; but roosters know it, then trees, then birds.

257.

257.

පථවීභූසනංමෙරු[Pg.91], රත්තියාභූසනංසසී;

ජනානංභූසනංරාජා, සෙනානංභූසනංගජො.

The adornment of the earth is Meru; the adornment of the night is the moon. The adornment of the people is the king; the adornment of an army is the elephant.

258.

258.

සීලතාසොභතෙරූපං,චාරිතාසොභතෙකුලං;

සපුප්ඵාසොභතෙරඤ්ඤං,සගජාසොභතෙබලං.

By virtue, form shines; by good conduct, the family shines. A forest with flowers shines; an army with elephants shines.

259.

259.

කොකිලානංසද්දංරූපං[Pg.92], නාරීරූපංපතිබ්බතං;

විජ්ජාරූපංඅරූපානං, ඛමාරූපංතපස්සිනං.

The beauty of cuckoos is their sound; the beauty of a woman is her devotion to her husband. Knowledge is the beauty of the plain; forbearance is the beauty of ascetics.

260.

260.

කිසාසොභාතපස්සීච,ථූලාසොභාචතුප්පදා;

විජ්ජාසොභාමනුස්සාච,ඉත්ථීසොභාචසාමිකා.

Leanness is the beauty of an ascetic; stoutness is the beauty of quadrupeds. Knowledge is the beauty of humans; a husband is the beauty of a woman.

261.

261.

රත්තිහීනොනචන්දරො, ඌමිහීනොනසාගරො;

හංසහීනොනසංඵුල්ලො, ඉත්ථිහීනොනපුරිසො.

The night is deficient without the moon; the ocean is deficient without waves. A lotus pond is deficient without swans; a man is deficient without a woman.

262.

262.

වත්ථහීනංනලඞ්කාරං[Pg.93], පතිහීනානනාරිකා;

සිප්පහීනොනපුරිසො, ධෙනුහීනංනභොජනං.

Without clothes, there is no adornment; without a husband, there is no true woman. Without skill, there is no true man; without a milk-cow, there is no food.

263.

263.

දීපකෙදීපකොචන්දො, නාරිකෙදීපකොපති;

තිලොකෙදීපකොධම්මො, සුපුත්තොකුලදීපකො.

The moon is a lamp; a husband is the lamp for a woman. The Dhamma is the lamp for the three worlds; a good son is the lamp of the family.

264.

264.

අපුත්තකංඝරංසුඤ්ඤං, දෙසංසුඤ්ඤංඅරාජිකං;

අපඤ්ඤස්සමුඛංසුඤ්ඤං, සබ්බසුඤ්ඤංදලිද්දකං.

A house without a son is empty; a country without a king is empty. The face of one without wisdom is empty; for the poor, everything is empty.

265.

265.

සොතංසුතෙනෙවනකුණ්ඩලෙන[Pg.94],දානෙනපාණීනතුකඞ්කණෙන;

ආභාතිකායොපුරිසුත්තමස්ස,පරොපකාරෙනනචන්දනෙන.

The ear shines by hearing, not by an earring; the hand by giving, not by a bracelet. The body of an excellent person shines by helping others, not by sandalwood paste.

266.

266.

දානංසීලංපරිච්චාගං[Pg.95], අජ්ජවංමද්දවංතපං;

අකොධංඅවිහිංසඤ්ච, ඛන්තීචඅවිරොධනං;

දසෙතෙධම්මෙරාජානො, අප්පමත්තෙනධාරෙය්‍යුං.

Generosity, virtue, sacrifice, straightforwardness, gentleness, austerity, non-anger, non-harming, patience, and non-opposition—these ten qualities, kings should uphold with diligence.

267.

267.

දානංඅත්ථචරියාපිය, වාචාඅත්තසමංපිච;

සඞ්ගහාචතුරොඉමෙ, මුනින්දෙනපකාසිතා.

Giving, beneficial conduct, kindly speech, and impartiality—these four bases of sympathy were declared by the Lord of Sages.

268.

268.

වනෙමිගානලභන්ති, මතාභයානිද්දසුඛං;

රාජානොපිනලභන්ති, උත්තරථාමභීතතො;

සංසාරභයභිතෙන, නරමන්තියෙපණ්ඩිතා.

Deer in the forest do not obtain the comfort of sleep from fear of death; kings, too, do not obtain it from fear of superior power. Therefore, the wise, fearing the danger of saṃsāra, reflect.

269.

269.

ඛමාජාගරියුට්ඨානං[Pg.96], සංවිභාගොදයික්ඛනා;

නායකස්සගුණාඑතෙ, ඉච්ඡිතබ්බාහිතත්ථිනො.

Forbearance, vigilance, diligence, sharing, and discernment of prosperity—these are the qualities of a leader, to be desired by one who seeks his own welfare.

270.

270.

පරිභූතොමුදුහොති, අතිතික්ඛඤ්චවෙරවා;

එතඤ්චඋභයංඤත්වා, අනුමජ්ඣංසමාචරෙ.

One who is too gentle is despised, and one who is too harsh creates enemies. Knowing both these extremes, one should practice the middle way.

271.

271.

නෙකන්තමුදුනාසක්කා, එකන්තතිඛිණෙනවා;

මහත්තෙට්ඨපිතුඅත්තං, තස්මාඋභයමාචරෙ.

It is not possible to establish oneself in greatness by being entirely gentle, nor by being entirely harsh; therefore, one should practice both.

272.

272.

කස්සකොවාණිජොමච්චො[Pg.97], සමණොසුතසීලවා;

තෙසුවිපුලජාතෙසු, රට්ඨංපිවිපුලංසියා.

Farmers, merchants, officials, ascetics, and the learned and virtuous—when these thrive, the kingdom also becomes prosperous.

273.

273.

තෙසුදුබ්බලජාතෙසු, රට්ඨංපිදුබ්බලංසියා;

සරට්ඨංවිපුලංතස්මා, ධාරෙය්‍යරට්ඨභාරවා.

When these become weak, the kingdom also becomes weak. Therefore, the bearer of the kingdom's burden should support his own prosperous kingdom.

274.

274.

මහාරුක්ඛස්සඵලිනො, ආමංඡින්දතියොඵලං;

රසඤ්චස්සනජානාති, බීජඤ්චස්සවිනස්සති.

He who plucks an unripe fruit from a great fruit-bearing tree does not know its taste, and its seed is also destroyed.

275.

275.

මහාරුක්ඛූපමංරට්ඨං, අධම්මෙනපසාසති;

රසඤ්චස්සනජානාති, රට්ඨඤ්චාපිවිනස්සති.

A kingdom is like a great tree. He who rules it unrighteously does not know its essence, and the kingdom is also destroyed.

276.

276.

මහාරුක්ඛස්සඵලිනො[Pg.98], පක්කංඡින්දතියොඵලං;

රසඤ්චස්සවිජානාති, බීජඤ්චස්සනනස්සති.

He who plucks a ripe fruit from a great fruit-bearing tree knows its taste, and its seed is not destroyed.

277.

277.

මහාරුක්ඛූපමංරට්ඨං, ධම්මෙන යොපසාසති;

රසඤ්චස්සවිජානාති, රට්ඨඤ්චාපිනනස්සති.

A kingdom is like a great tree. He who rules it righteously knows its essence, and the kingdom is not destroyed.

278.

278.

යොචරාජාජනපදං, අධම්මෙනපසාසති;

සබ්බොසධීහිසොරාජා, විරුද්ධොහොතිඛත්තියො.

Whatever king rules the country unrighteously, that Khattiya king comes into conflict with all the herbs.

279.

279.

තථෙවනෙගමෙහිංසං[Pg.99], යෙයුත්තාකයවික්කයෙ;

ඔජාදානබලිකාරෙ, සකොසෙනවිරුජ්ඣති.

Likewise, by harming the townspeople engaged in buying and selling through seizure of their substance and unjust taxes, he comes into conflict with his own treasury.

280.

280.

පහාරවරඛෙත්තඤ්ඤූ, සඞ්ගාමෙකතනිස්සමෙ;

උස්සිතෙහිංසයංරාජා, සබලෙනවිරුජ්ඣති.

A king, though knowing the best fields for attack and having striven in battle, if he harms the eminent, comes into conflict with his own army.

281.

281.

තථෙවඉසයොහිංසං, සංයමෙබ්‍රහ්මචාරියො;

අධම්මචාරිඛත්තියො, සසග්ගෙනවිරුජ්ඣති.

Likewise, by harming seers who are restrained and celibate, a Khattiya who behaves unrighteously comes into conflict with heaven.

282.

282.

සයංකතානපරෙන[Pg.100], මහානජ්ජොජුවඞ්කතා;

ඉස්සරෙනතථාරඤ්ඤා, සරට්ඨෙඅධිපච්චත්තා.

A great river, whether straight or crooked, is made by itself, not by another. Likewise a king, through his sovereignty, holds supremacy in his own kingdom.

283.

283.

පුත්තොපාපංකතොමාතා,සිස්සොපාපංකතොගරු;

නාගරෙහිකතොරාජා,රාජාපාපංපුරොහිතො.

For a son's evil deed, the mother is affected; for a student's evil deed, the teacher; for the citizens' deeds, the king; for the king's evil deed, the chaplain.

284.

284.

පුඤ්ඤාපුඤ්ඤංකරොන්තෙසු, ඡභාගොඑකදෙසකං;

රාජාලභතිසබ්බෙහි, තස්මාපාපානිවාරයෙ;

පුඤ්ඤමෙවපවඩ්ඪෙන්තො, ජනකායංපසාසයෙ.

Of the merit and demerit done by all, the king receives a sixth part. Therefore, he should prevent evil and, while promoting only merit, govern the populace.

285.

285.

බාලස්සජීවිතංඅප්පං[Pg.101], පණ්ඩිතස්සබහුතරං;

ජනකායස්සරාජාව, රාජධම්මොවරාජුනං.

The fool’s life is short, the wise man’s is much longer. As a king is for the populace, so the royal duty is best for kings.

286.

286.

අනායකාවිනස්සන්ති, නස්සන්තිබහුනායකා;

ථිනායකාවිනස්සන්ති, නස්සන්තිසුසුනායකා.

They perish without a leader; they perish with many leaders. They perish when led by a woman; they perish when led by a child.

287.

287.

කච්ඡපීනඤ්චමච්ඡීනං, කුක්කුටීනඤ්චධෙනුනං;

පුත්තපොසොයථාහොති, තථාමච්චෙසුරාජුනං.

As a female turtle, a fish, a hen, and a cow nourish their offspring, so should ministers be towards their king.

288.

288.

නහිරාජකුලංපත්තො[Pg.102], අඤ්ඤාතොලභතෙයසං;

නාසූරොනාතිදුම්මෙධො, නපමත්තොකුදාචනං.

Having reached the royal court, one does not gain honor by high birth alone; nor does a coward, nor one who is excessively dull-witted, nor one who is ever negligent.

289.

289.

යදාසීලඤ්චපඤ්ඤඤ්ච[Pg.103], සොචෙය්‍යඤ්චාධිගච්ඡති;

අථවිසාසිතොතම්හි, ගුය්හඤ්චස්සනරක්ඛති.

When one attains virtue, wisdom, and purity, then he is trusted, and one does not keep a secret from him.

290.

290.

දිවාවායදිවාරත්තිං, රාජකිච්චෙසුපණ්ඩිතො;

අජ්ඣිට්ඨොනවිකප්පෙය්‍ය, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

By day or by night, skilled in royal affairs, when appointed he should not be uncertain; such a one may dwell in the king's service.

291.

291.

නරඤ්ඤාසමකංවත්ථං, නමාලංනවිලෙපනං;

ආකප්පංසරකුත්තිංවා, නරඤ්ඤාසදිසමාචරෙ.

Let him not wear clothes equal to the king's, nor garlands, nor unguents. In adornment, tone of voice, or deportment, let him not behave like the king.

292.

292.

කිළෙරාජාඅමච්චෙහි[Pg.104], භරියාපරිවාරිතො;

නාමච්චොරාජභරියා, භාවංකුබ්බෙථපණ්ඩිතො.

The king may amuse himself with his ministers, surrounded by his wives. A wise minister should not develop an intimate disposition towards a king's wife.

293.

293.

අනුද්ධතොඅචපලො, නිපකොසංවුතින්ද්‍රියො;

මනොපණිධිසම්පන්නො, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Not arrogant, not fickle, prudent, with senses restrained, and endowed with mental resolve—such a one may dwell in the king's service.

294.

294.

නාස්සභරියාකිළෙය්‍ය, නමන්තෙය්‍යරහොගතො;

නාස්සකොසෙධනංගණ්හෙ, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Let him not sport with the king's wife, nor consult with her in a secret place; let him not take wealth from the king's treasury. Such a one may dwell in the king's service.

295.

295.

න [Pg.105] නිද්දංබහුංමඤ්ඤෙය්‍ය, නමදායසුරංපිවෙ;

නාසදායෙමිගෙහඤ්ඤෙ, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Let him not be fond of much sleep, nor drink liquor for intoxication, nor kill game wantonly. Such a one may dwell in the king's service.

296.

296.

නාස්සපිට්ඨංනපල්ලඞ්කං, නකොච්ඡංනනාවංරථං;

සම්මතොම්හීතිආරුළ්හෙ, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Let him not mount the king's elephant or horse, nor his palanquin, nor his chair, nor his boat or chariot, thinking, 'I am esteemed.' Such a one may dwell in the king's service.

297.

297.

නාතිදූරෙභජෙරඤ්ඤො, නච්චාසන්නෙවිචක්ඛණො;

සමුඛාචස්සතිට්ඨෙය්‍ය, සන්තසන්තොසභත්තුනො.

A discerning person should not attend upon the king from too far, nor from too near. He should stand in his presence, calm and content with his master.

298.

298.

නමෙරාජාසඛාහොති [Pg.106]6, නරාජාහොතිමෙථුනො;

ඛිප්පංකුජ්ඣන්තිරාජානො, සුලෙනක්ඛිවඝට්ටිතං.

The king is not my friend, nor is the king a sexual partner. Kings get angry quickly, like an eye struck by a stake.

299.

299.

නපූජිතොමඤ්ඤමානො, මෙධාවීපණ්ඩිතොනරො;

ඵරුසංපතිමන්තෙය්‍ය, රාජානංපරිසංගතං.

A wise and intelligent man, though unhonored, should not be contemptuous; he should not speak harshly to the king when in the assembly.

300.

300.

ලද්ධද්වාරොලභෙද්වාරං, නෙවරාජූසුවීසයෙ;

අග්ගිංවසංයතොතිට්ඨෙ, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Having obtained an opportunity, one should never trust in kings; like fire, one should stand restrained while dwelling in the king's domain.

301.

301.

පුත්තංවාභාතරංවාපි[Pg.107], සම්පග්ගණ්හාතිඛත්තියො;

ගාමෙහිනිගමෙහිවා, රට්ඨෙහිජනපදෙහි;

තුණ්හිභූතොවුදික්ඛෙය්‍ය, නභණෙඡෙකපාපකං.

Whether a son or a brother, the Khattiya supports them with villages, towns, realms, and districts. Being silent, he should observe, and not speak clever and wicked words.

302.

302.

හත්ථාරොහෙඅනිකට්ඨෙ, රථිකෙපත්තිකාරකෙ;

තෙසංකම්මාවධානෙන, රාජාවඩ්ඪෙතිවෙත්තනං;

නතෙසංඅන්තරාගච්ඡෙ, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

For elephant riders, officers, charioteers, and foot soldiers, the king increases their wages by attending to their duties. He should not go between them while dwelling in the king's domain.

303.

303.

චාපොවූනූදරොචස්ස[Pg.108], වංසොවාපිපකම්පය්‍යෙ;

පටිලොමංනවත්තෙය්‍ය, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Like a bow with a slack string, or a trembling bamboo, he should not behave perversely while dwelling in the king's domain.

304.

304.

චාපොවූනූදරොචස්ස, මච්ඡොවස්සඅජිව්හකො;

අභාසංනිපකොසූරො, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Like a bow with a slack string, like a fish without a tongue; prudent, wise, and not speaking much, he should dwell in the king's domain.

305.

305.

නබාළ්හංඉත්ථිංගච්ඡෙය්‍ය, සම්පස්සං තෙජසඞ්ඛයං;

කාසංසාසංථද්ධාබලං, ඛීණමෙධොනිගච්ඡති.

He should not frequent women excessively, seeing the decline of his vigor; he goes to ruin with cough, asthma, stiffness, loss of strength, and wasted flesh.

306.

306.

නාතිවෙලංපභාසෙය්‍ය[Pg.109], නතුණ්හිසබ්බදාසියා;

අවිතිණ්ණංමිතංවාචං, පත්ථකාලෙඋදීරයෙ.

He should not speak excessively, nor should he always be silent; he should utter concise and measured speech at the appropriate time.

307.

307.

අකොධනොඅසඞ්ඝට්ටො,සච්චොසණ්හොඅපෙසුණො;

සම්ඵංගිරංනභාසෙය්‍ය,සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Not angry, not contentious, truthful, gentle, and not slanderous, he should not speak frivolous words while dwelling in the king's domain.

308.

308.

මාතාපිතුභරොඅස්ස[Pg.110], කුලෙජෙට්ඨාපචායිකො;

හිරිඔත්තප්පසම්පන්නො, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Supporting his mother and father, respecting the elders of his family, endowed with moral shame and fear, he should dwell in the king's domain.

309.

309.

විනිතොසිප්පවාදන්තො, යතත්තොනියතොමුදු;

අප්පමත්තොසුචිදක්ඛො, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Disciplined, skilled in arts, and restrained; energetic, self-controlled, and gentle; heedful, pure, and skillful, he should dwell in the king's domain.

310.

310.

නිවාතවුත්තිවුඩ්ඪෙසු[Pg.111], සප්පතිස්සොසගාරවො;

සූරතොසුඛසංවාසො, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Humble in conduct toward the elders, obedient and respectful; gentle and pleasant to associate with, he should dwell in the king's domain.

311.

311.

ආරකාපරිවජ්ජෙය්‍ය, සඤ්ඤිතුංපහිතංජනං;

භත්තාරමෙවුදික්ඛෙය්‍ය, නචඅඤ්ඤස්සරාජිනො.

He should avoid from afar people sent on secret missions; he should look only to his own master, and not to another king.

312.

312.

සමණෙබ්‍රහ්මණෙචාපි, සීලවන්තෙබහුස්සුතෙ;

සක්කච්චංපයිරූපාසෙ, අන්නපානෙනතප්පය්‍යෙ;

ආසජ්ජපඤ්හෙපුච්ඡෙය්‍ය, ආකඞ්ඛංවුඩ්ඪිමත්තනො.

He should respectfully attend upon ascetics and brahmins who are virtuous and deeply learned, satisfying them with food and drink. Desiring his own advancement, he should approach and ask them questions.

313.

313.

දින්නපුබ්බංනහාපෙය්‍ය[Pg.112], දානංසමණබ්‍රහ්මණෙ;

නචකිඤ්චිනිවාරෙය්‍ය, දානකාලෙවණිබ්බකෙ.

He should not neglect a gift previously given to ascetics and brahmins, nor should he turn away any beggars at the time of giving.

314.

314.

පඤ්ඤාවාවුඩ්ඪිසම්පන්නො, විධානවිධිකොවිදො;

කාලඤ්ඤූසමයඤ්ඤූච, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Wise, endowed with prosperity, skilled in arrangements and procedures, a knower of the right time and the proper occasion, he should dwell in the king's domain.

315.

315.

උට්ඨාතාකම්මචෙරෙසු, අප්පමත්තොවිචක්ඛණො;

සුසංවිහිතකම්මන්තො, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Energetic in his duties, heedful and discerning, with well-arranged work, he should dwell in the king's domain.

316.

316.

ඛලංසාලංපසුංඛෙත්තං[Pg.113], ගන්තාචස්සඅභික්ඛණං;

මිතංධඤ්ඤංනිධාපෙය්‍ය, මිතඤ්චපාචයෙඝරෙ.

He should frequently go to the threshing floor, the barn, the cattle, and the field. He should have a measured amount of grain stored, and have a measured amount cooked at home.

317.

317.

පුත්තංවාභාතරංවාපි, සීලෙසුඅසමාහිතං;

අනඞ්ගවාහිතෙබාලා, යථාපෙතාතථෙවතෙ;

චොළඤ්චනෙසංපිණ්ඩඤ්ච, ආසනඤ්චපදාපරෙ.

Whether a son or a brother, if they are unsettled in virtue, fools carried away by passion, they are just like departed spirits; one should give them cloth, food, and a seat.

318.

318.

දාසෙකම්මකරෙපොසෙ[Pg.114], සීලෙසුසුසමාහිතෙ;

දක්ඛෙඋට්ඨානසම්පන්නෙ, අධිපච්චම්හිඨාපයෙ.

Servants, workers, and dependents who are well-composed in virtue, skillful, and endowed with energy, he should establish in positions of authority.

319.

319.

සීලවාචඅලොභොච, අනුරුත්තොචරාජිනො;

ආවීරහොහිතොචස්ස, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

Virtuous and ungreedy, devoted to the king, beneficial to him both openly and in secret, he should dwell in the king's domain.

320.

320.

ඡන්දඤ්ඤූරාජිනොඅස්ස, චිත්තට්ඨොචස්සරාජිනො;

අසඞ්කුසකවුත්තිස්ස, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

He should know the king's wishes and be pleasing to the king's mind; of unhesitating conduct, he should dwell in the king's domain.

321.

321.

උච්ඡාදනෙන්හාපනෙච[Pg.115], ධොතෙපාදෙඅදොසිරං;

ආහතොපිනකුප්පෙය්‍ය, සරාජවසතිංවසෙ.

With anointing and bathing, with feet washed and head free of dust; even if struck, he should not become angry while dwelling in the king's domain.

322.

322.

කුම්භිඤ්හිපඤ්ජලිංක්‍රියා, චාතඤ්චාපිපදක්ඛිණං;

කිමෙවසබ්බකාමානං, නදාදංධීරමුත්තමං.

Though one might offer a water-pot, join one's hands in reverence, perform sacrifices and circumambulation for the sake of all desires, what is the use if one does not give to the supreme wise one?

323.

323.

යොදෙතිසයනංවත්ථං, යානංආවසතංඝරං;

පජ්ජුන්නොරිවභූතානං, භොගෙහිඅභිවස්සති.

He who gives a bed, clothing, a vehicle, a resting place, and a house, rains down possessions like Pajjunna, the rain god, does for all beings.

324.

324.

ද්වෙවිමෙකණ්ඩකාතික්ඛා[Pg.116], සරීරපරිසොසිතා;

කාමෙතිනිද්ධනොයොච, යොචකුප්පත්‍යනිස්සරො.

These two are sharp thorns that dry up the body: he who is poor and is full of desires, and he who is powerless and gets angry.

325.

325.

අධනස්සරසංඛාදා, අබලස්සහතාහතා;

අපඤ්ඤස්සකථාවාක්‍යා, තිවිධංහීනලක්ඛණං.

The enjoyment of flavors for the poor, striking back for the weak, and the speech of the unwise—this is the threefold mark of an inferior person.

326.

326.

පථබ්‍යාමධුරාතීණි[Pg.117], උච්ඡුනාරීසුභාසිතං;

උච්ඡුනාරීසුතප්පන්ති, නතප්පන්තිසුභාසිතං.

On earth, three things are sweet: sugarcane, a woman, and well-spoken words. One can be satisfied by sugarcane and a woman, but one is never satisfied by well-spoken words.

327.

327.

පථබ්‍යාතීණිරතනානි, සඞ්ගහානිමහීතලෙ;

සිප්පංධඤ්ඤඤ්චමිත්තඤ්ච, භවන්තිරතනාඉමෙ.

On the great earth, there are three jewels, three means of support: skill, grain, and a friend; these are the jewels.

328.

328.

කල්‍යාණමිත්තංකන්තාරං, යුද්ධංසභායභාසිතුං;

අසත්ථාගන්තුමිච්ඡන්ති, මුළ්හාතෙචතුරොජනා.

To enter a wilderness without a good friend, or a battle, or to speak in an assembly—those who wish to go into these unarmed, those four types of people are deluded.

329.

329.

ජීවන්තොපිමතාපඤ්ච[Pg.118], බ්‍යාසෙනපරිකිත්තිතා;

දුක්ඛිතොබ්‍යාධිතොපක්ඛො, ඉණවානිත්‍යසෙවකො.

Five are proclaimed to be as dead even while living: the one afflicted, the one diseased, the one dependent, the debtor, and the constant servant.

330.

330.

චක්ඛුද්වාරාදිකංඡක්කං, සංවුතොසපඤ්ඤොනරො;

ඡබ්බිධොහොතිසීලෙන, අසීලෙනාපිඡබ්බිධො.

A wise person, being restrained in the six sense-doors, is sixfold through virtue; and through lack of virtue, one is also sixfold.

331.

331.

නිද්දාලුකොපමාදොච, සුඛිතොරොගවාලසො;

නිච්ඡන්දොචකම්මාරාමො, සත්තෙතෙසත්ථවජ්ජිතා.

The sleepy, the negligent, the comfort-seeker, the diseased, the lazy, the one without zeal, and the one delighting in worldly activity—these seven are devoid of purpose.

332.

332.

කුලජොපඤ්ඤවාඡන්දො[Pg.119], හිරොත්තප්පොසුතද්ධරො;

අත්ථකාමොසුරක්ඛොච, අට්ඨෙතෙසත්ථයුජ්ජිතා.

Of good family, wise, zealous, modest, conscientious, upholding what is heard, desiring what is beneficial, and well-guarded—these eight are endowed with purpose.

333.

333.

කුලසෙට්ඨොසපඤ්ඤොච, වුඩ්ඪිසූරොචසීලවා;

බහුස්සුතොවුට්ඨානොච, මීරොසුගතිගාමිකො;

නවෙතෙසුජනාසෙට්ඨා, පාපාත්තානංනිවාරයෙ.

Of noble family, wise, prosperous, brave, and virtuous; very learned, energetic, steadfast, and bound for a good destination—these nine are the best of good people, who ward off evil from themselves.

334.

334.

බුද්ධොපච්චෙකබුද්ධොච, අරහාඅග්ගසාවකො;

මාතාපිතාගරුසත්ථා, දායකොධම්මදෙසකො;

පණ්ඩිතෙහිඉමෙදස, න දුබ්භන්තීතිජානියා.

The Buddha, the Paccekabuddha, the Arahant, the chief disciple; mother, father, a respected teacher, a donor, a teacher of the Dhamma—it should be known by the wise that these ten are not to be harmed.

335.

335.

ධම්මත්ථකාමමොක්ඛානං[Pg.120], පාණොසංසිද්ධිකාරණං;

තංනිඝාතොකිංනිහතො, රක්ඛිතොකිංනරක්ඛති.

Life is the cause for the accomplishment of Dhamma, welfare, sensual pleasure, and liberation. If it is destroyed, what is not destroyed? If it is protected, what is not protected?

336.

336.

සථංදීඝායුකොසබ්බ[Pg.121], සත්තානංසුඛකාරණං;

අසථංපනසබ්බෙසං, දුක්ඛහෙතුනසංසයො.

Truth leads to long life, a cause of happiness for all beings; falsehood, for all, is without doubt a cause of suffering.

337.

337.

යන්තගතොඋච්ඡුරසං, නජහාතිගජොතථා;

සඞ්ගාමෙසුගතොලිළං, සුස්සුතෙනාපිචන්දනං.

As an elephant does not abandon sugarcane juice that has entered a press, so a noble one in battle does not abandon his graceful bearing, nor sandalwood its fragrance.

338.

338.

සාරගන්ධංනජහාති, දුක්ඛපත්තොපිපණ්ඩිතො;

නජහාතිසතංධම්මං, සුඛකාලෙකථාවකා.

A wise person, even when met with suffering, does not abandon the essential fragrance of virtue; he does not abandon the Dhamma of the good—what need is there to speak of a time of happiness?

339.

339.

අත්තාබන්ධුමනුස්සානං, රිපුඅත්තාවජන්තුනං;

අත්තාවනියතොඤාති, අත්තාවනියතොරිපු.

The self is a kinsman to mankind, and the self is an enemy to living beings. The self, when controlled, is a kinsman; the self, when uncontrolled, is an enemy.

340.

340.

අත්තානංපරිච්චාගෙන[Pg.122], යංනිස්සිතානුරක්ඛනං;

කරොන්තිසජ්ජනායෙව, නතංනිතිමාතාමතං.

By sacrificing themselves, good people protect those who depend on them; this is their nature, not considered a matter of mere policy.

341.

341.

සත්ථකබ්බවිචාරෙන, කාලොගච්ඡතිධීමතං;

බ්‍යසනෙනඅසාධූනං, නිද්දායකලහෙනවා.

The time of the wise passes in reflection on scripture and poetry; that of the wicked in vice, sleep, or strife.

342.

342.

භමරාපුප්ඵමිච්ඡන්ති, පුතිමිච්ඡන්තිමක්ඛිකා;

සුජානාගුණමිච්ඡන්ති, දොසමිච්ඡන්තිදුජ්ජනා.

Bees desire flowers, flies desire what is foul; good people desire virtues, wicked people desire faults.

343.

343.

නමන්තිඵලිනොරුක්ඛා[Pg.123], නමතෙවබුධාජනා;

සුක්ඛකට්ඨඤ්චමුළ්හොච, නෙවනමන්තිභිජ්ජතෙ.

Fruit-bearing trees bend down, and wise people bend; but a dry stick and a fool do not bend, they are broken.

344.

344.

සචෙසන්තොවිවාදති, ඛිප්පසන්ධියරෙපුන;

බාලොපත්තාවභිජ්ජන්ති, නතෙසමතමාගමුං.

If good people dispute, they are quickly reconciled again; but fools are broken like earthen pots and do not attain harmony.

345.

345.

අප්පම්පිසාධූනංධනං, කූපාවාරිවනිස්සයො;

බහුකංපිඅසාධූනං, නචවාරිවඅණ්ණවෙ.

Even a little wealth of the virtuous is a support, like a well in the wilderness; but much wealth of the wicked is no support, like the water in the ocean.

346.

346.

සොකඨානසහස්සානි[Pg.124], භයඨානසතානිච;

දිවසෙදිවසෙමුළ්හං, ආවීසන්තිනපණ්ඩිතං.

Thousands of grounds for sorrow and hundreds of grounds for fear assail the fool day after day, but not the wise person.

347.

347.

දුට්ඨචිත්තොපනාහිස්ස, කොධොපාසාණලෙඛිතො;

කුච්ඡිතබ්බොසුජනස්ස, ජලෙලෙඛාචිරට්ඨිතා.

For one with a corrupt mind who harbors resentment, anger is like a line etched in stone; the fault of a good person is like a line on water, not long-lasting.

348.

348.

නිදුලුකොඅසන්තුට්ඨො, අකතඤ්ඤූචභිරුකො;

සක්කොන්තිනසමාචාරං, සික්ඛිතුංතෙකදාචිපි.

The sleepy, the discontented, the ungrateful, and the cowardly—such persons are never able to learn proper conduct.

349.

349.

සාධුත්තංසුජනසමාගමාඛලානං[Pg.125],සාධූනංනඛලසමාගමාඛලත්තං;

ආමොදංකුසුමභවංදධාතිභූමි,භූගන්ධංනචකුසුමානිධාරයන්ති.

Goodness comes to the wicked from association with good people; wickedness does not come to the good from association with the wicked. The earth takes on the fragrance born from flowers, but flowers do not hold the scent of the earth.

350.

350.

ගුණමද්ධිසමංමක්ඛෙ, පරෙනකලහෙසති;

අද්ධිසමංපකාසෙන්තං, අනුමත්තංපිදොසකං.

When there is a dispute with another, one who excessively proclaims his own virtue reveals even his slightest fault.

351.

351.

දොසංපරස්සපස්සන්ති, අත්තදොසංනපස්සති;

තිලමත්තංපරදොසං, නාළිකෙරංනපස්සති.

One sees the faults of others, but does not see one's own. One sees another's fault, though it be as small as a sesame seed, but fails to see one's own, though it be as large as a coconut.

352.

352.

කොධොඅත්ථංනජානාති[Pg.126], කොධොධම්මංනපස්සති;

අන්ධතමංතදාහොති, යංකොධොසහතෙනරං.

One in anger does not know what is beneficial, one in anger does not see the Dhamma; a blinding darkness prevails when anger overcomes a person.

353.

353.

කොධොඅබ්භන්තරෙජාතො, ධුවංනාසෙතිකොධනං;

වත්ථාලඞ්කාරපුණ්ණායං, මඤ්ජුසායංසිඛීයථා.

Anger born within surely destroys the angry one, just as a fire in a casket full of garments and ornaments.

354.

354.

රාගොනාමමනොසල්ලං, ගුණවරත්තචොරකො;

රාහුවිජ්ජාසසඞ්කිස්ස, තපොධනහුතාසනො.

Passion is a dart in the mind, a thief of excellent virtues; a Rāhu for the moon of knowledge, a fire for the wealth of asceticism.

355.

355.

නතිත්තිරාජාධනෙන[Pg.127], පණ්ඩිතොපිසුභාසිතෙ;

චක්ඛූපිපියදස්සනෙ, සාගරොපිමහාජලෙ.

A king is not satisfied with wealth, nor a wise person with well-spoken words; nor the eye with pleasing sights, nor the ocean with great waters.

356.

356.

අසන්තුට්ඨොයතිනට්ඨො, සන්තුට්ඨොපිමහීපති;

සසජ්ජාගණිකානට්ඨා, නිලජ්ජාසුකුලගතා.

A discontented ascetic is ruined, and a contented king is ruined; an attached courtesan is ruined, and a shameless woman of good family is ruined.

357.

357.

භූපාණ්ණවග්ගිථීසිප්පී, අභිජ්ඣාලුචපුග්ගලො;

එතෙසංමහිච්ඡන්තානං, මහිච්ඡතාඅනිච්ඡිතා.

A king, the ocean, fire, a woman, an artisan, and a greedy person—for these who have great desires, their great desire is never fulfilled.

358.

358.

ආරොග්‍යංපරමංලාභං[Pg.128], සන්තුට්ඨීපරමංධනං;

විසාසොපරමංඤාති, නිබ්බානංපරමංසුඛං.

Health is the highest gain, contentment is the greatest wealth; trust is the best kinsman, Nibbāna is the highest bliss.

359.

359.

දුග්ගතංගච්ඡභොලාභ, ලාභොලාභෙනපූරති;

ථලෙපවුට්ඨපජ්ජුන්න, ආපොආපෙනපූරති.

O gain, go to the poor; gain is filled by gain. As with rain fallen on high ground, water is filled by water.

360.

360.

බොධයන්තිනයාචන්ති, දෙහීතිපච්ඡිමාජනා;

පස්සවත්ථුංඅදානස්ස, මාභවතූතිඊදිසො.

The wise instruct, they do not beg; 'Give!' say the people of a later age. See the reason for not giving; may there not be such a one.

361.

361.

සෙලෙසෙලෙනමාණිකං[Pg.129], ගජෙගජෙනමුත්තිකං;

වනෙවනෙනචන්දනං, ඨානෙඨානෙනපණ්ඩිතං.

Not every mountain has a jewel, not every elephant has a pearl; not every forest has sandalwood, not every place has a wise person.

362.

362.

සතෙසුජායතෙසූරො, සහස්සෙසුචපණ්ඩිතො;

වාක්‍යංසතසහස්සෙසු, චාගොභවතිවානවා.

A hero is born among hundreds, and a wise person among thousands; a speaker among a hundred thousand, and a giver may be or may not be.

363.

363.

ජිනෙනආගතංසූරං, ධනඤ්චගෙහමාගතං;

ජිණ්ණඅන්නංපසංසෙය්‍ය, දාරඤ්චගතයොබ්බනං.

One should praise a hero who has come with victory, and wealth that has come to the house; aged food, and a wife whose youth has passed.

364.

364.

පොත්ථකෙසුචයංසිප්පං[Pg.130], පරහත්ථෙසුයංධනං;

යදාඉච්ඡෙසමුප්පන්නෙ, නතංසිප්පංනතංධනං.

A skill that is only in books, and wealth that is in the hands of another: when a need has arisen, that is neither skill nor wealth.

365.

365.

වාචාවුධාචරාජානො, සච්චාවුධාචසමණා;

ධනාවුධාසෙට්ඨිනොච, ගොණාවුධාදලිද්දකා.

Kings have speech as their weapon, ascetics have truth as their weapon; merchants have wealth as their weapon, and the poor have oxen as their weapon.

366.

366.

උක්කට්ඨෙසූරමිච්ඡන්ති, කොලාහලෙසුභාසිතං;

පියංඅන්නඤ්චපානඤ්ච, අත්ථකිච්චෙසුපණ්ඩිතං.

In a crisis, they desire a hero; in an uproar, well-spoken words; in matters of purpose, a wise person; and pleasant food and drink.

367.

367.

කපණෙතාරයෙමිත්තං[Pg.131], දුබ්භික්ඛෙධඤ්ඤංධාරයෙ;

සභායංධාරයෙසිප්පං, සඞ්ගහානිමහීතලෙ.

In distress, one should save a friend; in famine, one should preserve grain; in an assembly, one should display skill; and on earth, one should maintain generosity.

368.

368.

දුබ්භික්ඛෙඅන්නදානඤ්ච, සුභික්ඛෙචහිරඤ්ඤදං;

භයෙචභයධාතාරං, සබ්බෙසංවරමංවරං.

The gift of food in famine, the gift of gold in plenty, and the giver of fearlessness in danger—this is the highest and best for all.

369.

369.

හංසොමජ්ඣෙනකාකානං, සීහොගුන්නංනසොභතෙ;

ගද්‍රභානංනතුරඞ්ගො, බාලානඤ්චනපණ්ඩිතො.

A swan does not shine in the midst of crows, nor a lion among cattle; a horse does not shine among donkeys, nor a wise person among fools.

370.

370.

නසොරාජායොඅජෙය්‍යං[Pg.132], ජිනාතිනසොසඛාරං;

යොඅයුත්තෙනජිනාති, නසාභරියාපතිනො;

විරොධතිනතෙපුත්තා, යෙනභරන්ති ජිණ්ණ.

He is not a king who conquers the unconquerable; he is not a friend who conquers unjustly; she is not a wife who opposes her husband; they are not sons who do not support the aged.

371.

371.

නත්ථිවිජ්ජාසමංමිත්තං, නත්ථිබ්‍යාධිසමොරිපු;

නත්ථිඅත්තසමංපෙමං, නත්ථිකම්මපරංබලං.

There is no friend equal to knowledge, no enemy equal to disease; there is no love equal to love for oneself, no strength greater than kamma.

372.

372.

ඉත්ථිමිස්සොකුතොසීලං,මංසභක්ඛොකුතොදයං;

සුරාපානොකුතොසච්චං,මහාකොධොකුතොතපං.

For one mixed with women, whence virtue? For a meat-eater, whence compassion? For a liquor-drinker, whence truth? For one of great anger, whence austerity?

373.

373.

ක්වාතිභාරොසමත්ථානං[Pg.133], කිංදූරොබ්‍යවහාරිනං;

කොවිදෙසොසවිජ්ජානං, කොපරොපියවාදිනං.

What burden is too heavy for the capable? What is far for the industrious? What land is foreign to the learned? Who is a stranger to those who speak kindly?

374.

374.

දුබ්භික්ඛොකසිනොනත්ථි, සන්තානංනත්ථිපාපකො;

මුගස්සකලහොනත්ථි, නත්ථිජාගරතොභයං.

There is no famine for the farmer, no evil-doer for the peaceful; there is no quarrel for the silent, no fear for the vigilant.

375.

375.

බාලිත්ථීමක්ඛිකාතුණ්ඩි, ඉසීනඤ්චකමණ්ඩලු;

සෙතම්බුඵලංතම්බුලං, නොජ්ඣිට්ඨමුපජායතො.

A young girl, a fly's proboscis, the water pot of sages, a white water-lily, and a betel leaf—these do not become leftovers.

376.

376.

පඤ්චරත්‍යාසුගන්ධබ්බා[Pg.134], සත්තරත්‍යාධනුග්ගහා;

එකමාසාසුභරියා, අඩ්ඪමාසාසිස්සාමලා.

Fragrances last for five nights, an archer's prowess for seven nights; a good wife's charm for one month, a student's defilement for half a month.

377.

377.

මලිත්ථියාදුච්චරිතං, මච්ඡෙරංදදතොමලං;

මලාවෙලාමකාධම්මා, අස්මිංලොකෙපරම්හිච;

මලංමලතරංතතො, අවිජ්ජාපරමංමලං.

Misconduct is the stain of a woman; stinginess is the stain of a giver. Evil qualities are indeed stains, in this world and in the next. But a worse stain than all these is ignorance; ignorance is the supreme stain.

378.

378.

සුතස්සරක්ඛාසබ්බදාභියොගො,කුලස්සවත්ථංපුරිසස්සවිජ්ජා;

රඤ්ඤොපමාදොපසමොධනස්ස,ඉත්ථීනන්තුනත්ථෙවජාතුරක්ඛා.

Constant application is the protection of learning; clothing for a family, knowledge for a man. A king's negligence is the cessation of wealth. But for women, there is indeed no protection at any time.

379.

379.

සත්තානංජරතාහන්ති[Pg.135], තණ්හාහන්තිසබ්බසුඛං;

සබ්බබලංචින්තාහන්ති, දයාහන්තිසකංධනං.

Old age destroys beings; craving destroys all happiness; worry destroys all strength; compassion destroys one's own wealth.

380.

380.

නීචෙවාසොසිරිංහන්ති, හන්තිගරුංචයාචකො;

පසංසාසුගුණංහන්ති, හන්තිචිත්තංඅසඤ්ඤතා.

Dwelling in a low place destroys prosperity; a beggar destroys respect; praise destroys good qualities; and lack of restraint destroys the mind.

381.

381.

අසනංභයමන්තානං[Pg.136], මච්චානංමරණංභයං;

උත්තමානන්තුසබ්බෙසං, අවමානංපරංභයං.

Hunger is a fear for the foodless; death is a fear for mortals. But for the noble among all, disgrace is the supreme fear.

382.

382.

සූරියොතපනංතපො, නසන්තිපරිවාරිතා;

චන්දරංසීතලංජාතං, තාරකාපරිවාරිතා;

උපමාඑත්ථඤාතබ්බා, සූරියචන්දරාජුනං.

The sun is a burning austerity, not surrounded by attendants. The moon is cool by nature, surrounded by stars. Herein a simile of the sun and moon should be understood, O king.

383.

383.

අලසොමන්දබුද්ධිච, සුඛිතොරොගපීළිතො;

නිද්දාරොමංසවඩ්ඪනො, සුභක්ඛොචවිලුද්ධකො.

Lazy and dull-witted, comfortable yet afflicted by disease; sleepy, increasing in flesh, a gourmand, and very greedy.

384.

384.

පමාදොජායතෙමදා, පමාදාජායතෙඛයො;

ඛයාදොසාපවඩ්ඪන්ති, මදංකිංනජහෙබුධො.

From intoxication arises negligence; from negligence arises ruin. From ruin, faults increase. Why would a wise person not abandon intoxication?

385.

385.

යාදිසංවප්පතෙබීජං[Pg.137], තාදිසංඵලංසම්පත්තො;

කල්‍යාණකාරිකල්‍යාණං, පාපකාරීචපාපකං.

As is the seed that is sown, so is the fruit that one reaps. The doer of good reaps good, and the doer of evil reaps evil.

386.

386.

පුඤ්ඤාපාපඵලංයොචෙ, නසද්දහතිසච්චතො;

සොවෙසකානනංඛිප්පං, ආදාසතලමානයෙ.

Whoever does not truly believe in the fruit of merit and demerit, he indeed quickly brings his own forest to the surface of a mirror.

387.

387.

සම්පරායිකත්ථෙයො[Pg.138], නසද්දහතිචෙපිසො;

ආවාසෙසප්පගාමීනං, මොක්ඛභෙකිංනපස්සති.

Whoever does not believe in the welfare of the hereafter, like one unfamiliar with the way, does not see the path to liberation.

388.

388.

සද්ධාහිරිචඔත්තප්පං, බාහුසච්චංවිරංසති;

පඤ්ඤාචසත්තධම්මෙහි, සම්පන්නොපණ්ඩිතොමතො.

Faith, conscience, fear of wrongdoing, great learning, energy, and mindfulness; with wisdom as the seventh of these qualities, one so endowed is considered wise.

389.

389.

රවිමූලංසසීඛන්ධං, සොරිඅඞ්ගාචපත්තිකං;

බුද්ධංපුප්ඵංගරුබීජං, භරගුඵලමෙවච.

The sun is the root, the moon the trunk, the stars the twigs and leaves; the Buddha is the flower, the profound seed, and indeed the excellent fruit.

390.

390.

පොත්ථකාදීනිඛෙත්තංව[Pg.139], ලෙඛානියුගනඞ්ගලං;

අක්ඛරානිබීජංකත්වා, චරන්තොපණ්ඩිතොභවෙ.

Books and so on are like a field; writings are the yoke and plow. Having made the letters the seeds, the wise person fares on.

391.

391.

අක්ඛරංඑකමෙකඤ්ච, බුද්ධරූපංසමංසියා;

තස්මාහිපණ්ඩිතොපොසො, ලිඛෙය්‍යපිටකත්තයං.

Each and every letter should be equal to the form of the Buddha; therefore, indeed, a wise person should write the Three Baskets.

392.

392.

දුග්ගතිංනාභිජායෙය්‍ය, පිටකත්තයකාරකො;

බහුක්ඛත්තුංචක්කවත්ති, රාජාචතුදීපාධිපො.

The maker of the Three Baskets would not be reborn in a woeful state; many times they become a wheel-turning monarch, a king, the lord of the four continents.

393.

393.

පදෙසරජ්ජංවිපුලං, ගණනාතොඅසඞ්ඛ්‍යෙයො;

ඡකාමාවචරොදෙව, රාජාහොතිබහුක්ඛත්තුං.

Vast is regional kingship, innumerable by calculation. Many times one becomes a king of the gods in the six sense-sphere heavens.

394.

394.

දානාදීනිචපුඤ්ඤානි[Pg.140], කරොන්තොබොධිඅඞ්කුරො;

භවාසබ්බඞ්ගසම්පන්නො, තිලොකපූජිතොභවෙ.

Performing meritorious deeds such as giving, the sprout of awakening, endowed with all aspects of existence, becomes revered in the three worlds.

395.

395.

අද්ධෙමහද්ධනෙඵිතෙ, ජායරෙකුලමුත්තමෙ;

උත්තමෙනෙවසංවාසො, පිටකත්තයවාචකො.

Born in a most excellent, wealthy, greatly affluent, and prosperous family, the reciter of the Three Baskets dwells indeed in the highest manner.

396.

396.

එකක්ඛරඵලෙනහි, පිටකත්තයකාරකො;

චතුරාසීතිසහස්සං, ලභන්තිපවරංසුඛං.

Indeed, by the fruit of a single letter, the maker of the Three Baskets obtains supreme happiness for eighty-four thousand eons.

397.

397.

අප්පකෙනාපිමෙධාවී, පාභතෙනවිචක්ඛණො;

සමුට්ඨාපෙතිඅත්තානං, අනුමග්ගිවසන්ධමං.

Even with a small provision, the wise and discerning one raises themself up, like one fanning a small fire.

398.

398.

දුක්ඛංපාපස්සපුඤ්ඤස්ස[Pg.141], සුඛංමිස්සස්සමිස්සකං;

සබ්බංසදිසකංයාති, ඤාතබ්බංකම්මුනොඵලං.

Suffering is for evil, happiness for merit, and a mixed result for a mixed deed. All proceeds according to its kind; the fruit of kamma is to be known.

399.

399.

චොදෙන්තොචතුභාගාච, කම්මකාරාතයොභාගා;

සාමිනොසමභාගාච, එකභාගානුමොදනා.

For the instigator, four parts; for the doer of the deed, three parts; for the owner, an equal share; and for one who rejoices, one part.

400.

400.

අනත්තස්සවාක්‍යාපරමංතුණ්හි[Pg.142],අසන්තමිත්තාපරමංඑකං;

සුරූපදාරාවරමන්ධා,දූරෙකලාභාවරමස්සසුක්ඛං.

For one who is selfless, silence from speech is supreme; solitude is supreme over a bad friend. A beautiful wife is better if blind; happiness is better far from gain.

401.

401.

හීනචජ්ජොපිචෙ හොති, උට්ඨාතාධීතිමානරො;

සීලආචාරසම්පන්නො, නිසෙඅග්ගිවභාසති.

Even if a person is of low birth, if they are energetic and resolute, endowed with virtue and good conduct, they shine like a fire in the night.

402.

402.

නචජ්ජවසලොහොති,නචජ්ජහොතිබ්‍රහ්මණො;

කම්මුනාවසලොහොති,කම්මුනාහොතිබ්‍රහ්මණො.

Not by birth does one become an outcast, not by birth does one become a brahmin. By one's deeds one becomes an outcast, by one's deeds one becomes a brahmin.

403.

403.

පථවීවෙළුකංපත්තං[Pg.143], චක්කවාළංසුචිප්ඵලං;

සිනෙරුවම්මිකංඛුද්දං, සමුද්දොපාතිතංයථා.

The earth is like a bamboo leaf, the world-system like a suci fruit; Sineru is like a tiny anthill, and the ocean is like a fallen drop.

404.

404.

එකෙනෙවචකප්පෙන, මාතුඛීරංනසඤ්චයං;

තතොතුසමුද්දොචාපි, අතිරෙකතරංබහුං.

In a single eon, the accumulation of a mother's milk is vast; yet the ocean is even more exceedingly abundant than that.

405.

405.

බ්‍රහ්මාතිමාතාපීතරො, පුබ්බාචරියාවුච්චතෙ;

ආහුනෙය්‍යාචපුත්තානං, පජානමනුකම්පකා.

Mother and father are said to be 'Brahmā'; they are called the first teachers. They are worthy of offerings from their children, being compassionate to their offspring.

406.

406.

තස්මාහිනෙනමස්සෙය්‍ය[Pg.144], සක්කරෙය්‍යචපණ්ඩිතො;

අන්නෙනඅථොපානෙන, වත්ථෙනසයනෙනච.

Therefore, a wise person should indeed pay homage to them and treat them with respect, with food and drink, with clothing and with lodging.

407.

407.

උච්ඡාදනෙනන්හාපෙන, පාදානංධොවනෙනච;

උට්ඨායපාදචරියා, උපට්ඨාපෙය්‍යපණ්ඩිතො;

ඉධෙවනංපසංසන්ති, පච්චසග්ගෙපමොදති.

With anointing and bathing, and with the washing of their feet, by such dutiful service should a wise person attend to them. Here in this world they praise him, and hereafter he rejoices in heaven.

408.

408.

එකස්සෙකෙනකප්පෙන[Pg.145], පුග්ගලස්සට්ඨිසඤ්චයො;

සමංපබ්බතරාසිම්හි, ඉතිවුත්තංමහෙසිනා.

The accumulation of a single person's bones in one eon would be a heap equal to a mountain; so it was said by the Great Seer.

409.

409.

සබ්බදානංධම්මදානංජිනාති;

සබ්බරසංධම්මරසොජිනාති,සබ්බරතිංධම්මරතිජිනාති;

සබ්බදුක්ඛංතණ්හක්ඛයොජිනාති.

The gift of the Dhamma surpasses all gifts; the taste of the Dhamma surpasses all tastes; delight in the Dhamma surpasses all delights; the destruction of craving overcomes all suffering.

410.

410.

අප්පමාදරතාහොථ, සචිත්තමනුරක්ඛථ;

දුක්ඛාඋද්ධරථත්තානං, පඞ්කෙසන්නංවකුඤ්ජරං.

Delight in heedfulness, guard your own minds well. Lift yourselves out of this mire of suffering, like an elephant sunk deep in the mud.

411.

411.

චජදුජ්ජනසංසග්ගං[Pg.146], භජසාධුසමාගමං;

කරපුඤ්ඤමහොරත්තිං, සරනිච්චමනිච්චතං.

Abandon association with the wicked; cultivate the fellowship of the good. Perform meritorious deeds day and night; constantly be mindful of impermanence.

412.

412.

අනිච්චාවතසඞ්ඛාරා, උප්පාදවයධම්මිනො;

උප්පජ්ජිත්වානිරුජ්ඣන්ති, තෙසංවූපසමොසුඛො.

Impermanent, alas, are all conditioned formations; their nature is to arise and to cease. Having arisen, they pass away; their calming and cessation is bliss.

413.

413.

නහිධම්මොඅධම්මොච, උභොසමවිපාකිනො;

අධම්මොනිරයංනෙති, ධම්මොපාපෙතිසුග්ගතිං.

Indeed, the Dhamma and what is not the Dhamma do not both have the same result. What is not the Dhamma leads to hell, while the Dhamma leads one to a good destination.

414.

414.

සමසීසංසමපාදං[Pg.147], අන්තරඤ්චසමංසමං;

ඉදංමනසිනිධාය, ලිඛෙය්‍යපිටකත්තයන්ති.

Let the top and bottom be equal, and the space between perfectly even; holding this in mind, one should write the Three Baskets.