နမော တဿ ဘဂဝတော အရဟတော သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓဿ

Homage to the Blessed One, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One.

သုတ္တန္တပိဋက

The Sutta Piṭaka

အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ

In the Aṅguttara Nikāya

သံဂါယနဿ ပုစ္ဆာ ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ

Questions and Answers of the Council

ပုစ္ဆာ – ပဌမမဟာသံဂီတိကာလေ [Pg.1] အာဝုသော ဓမ္မသံဂါဟကာ မဟာကဿပါဒယော မဟာထေရဝရာ ပေါရာဏသံဂီတိကာရာ ပဌမံ ဝိနယပိဋကံ သံဂါယိတွာ သုတ္တန္တပိဋကေ စ ဒီဃမဇ္ဈိမသံယုတ္တသင်္ခါတေ တယော နိကာယေ သံဂါယိတွာ တဒနန္တရံ ကိံ နာမ ပါဝစနံ သံဂါယိံသု.

Question: Venerable, during the first great council, the Dhamma compilers, the venerable elders, the ancient council-reciters, headed by Mahākassapa, having first recited the Vinaya Piṭaka, then in the Sutta Piṭaka recited the three Nikāyas comprising the Dīgha, Majjhima, and Saṃyutta. After that, what teaching did they recite?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ပဌမမဟာသံဂီတိကာလေ ဘန္တေ ဓမ္မသံဂါဟကာ မဟာကဿပါဒယော မဟာထေရဝရာ ပေါရာဏသံဂီတိကာရာ ပဌမံ ဝိနယံ သံဂါယိတွာ သုတ္တန္တပိဋကေ စ ဒီဃမဇ္ဈိမသံယုတ္တသင်္ခါတေ တယော နိကာယေ သံဂါယိတွာ တဒနန္တရံ နဝဟိ စ သုတ္တသဟဿေဟိ ပဉ္စဟိ စ သုတ္တသတ္တေဟိ သတ္တပညာသာယ စ သုတ္တေဟိ ပဋိမဏ္ဍိတံ ဝီသတိဘာဏဝါရသတပရိမာဏံ အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယံ နာမ ပါဝစနံ သံဂါယိံသု.

Answer: Venerable sir, during the first great council, the Dhamma compilers, the venerable elders, the ancient council-reciters, headed by Mahākassapa, having first recited the Vinaya, then in the Sutta Piṭaka recited the three Nikāyas comprising the Dīgha, Majjhima, and Saṃyutta. After that, they recited the teaching called the Aṅguttara Nikāya, adorned with nine thousand five hundred and fifty-seven suttas, comprising two thousand recitation-sections.

ပုစ္ဆာ – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေပိ [Pg.2] အာဝုသော ဧကကနိပါတော ဒုကနိပါတော တိကနိပါတောတိအာဒိနာ နိပါတပကရဏပရိစ္ဆေဒဝသေန ဧကာဒသဝိဓာ. တတ္ထ ကတရံ နိပါတပကရဏံ သံဂါယိံသု.

Question: Venerable, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya there are eleven kinds of nipāta-section divisions, such as the Ekaka Nipāta, Duka Nipāta, Tika Nipāta, and so on. Which nipāta-section did they recite?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဘန္တေ ဧကာဒသသု နိပါတပကရဏပရိစ္ဆေဒေသု ဧကကနိပါတံ ပဌမံ သံဂါယိံသု.

Answer: Venerable, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, among the eleven nipāta-section divisions, they first recited the Ekaka Nipāta.

၁. ရူပါဒိဝဂ္ဂ

1. The Rūpādi Vagga

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဧကကနိပါတေပိ [Pg.3] အာဝုသော ရူပါဒိဝဂ္ဂေါ နီဝရဏပ္ပဟာနဝဂ္ဂေါ အကမ္မနိယဝဂ္ဂေါတိအာဒိနာ ဝဂ္ဂဘေဒဝသေန ဗဟုဝိဓာ. တတ္ထ ကတရံ ဝဂ္ဂံ ပဌမံ သံဂါယိံသု.

Question: Venerable, in the Ekaka Nipāta there are various vagga divisions, such as the Rūpādi Vagga, the Nīvaraṇappahāna Vagga, the Akammaṇiya Vagga, and so on. Which vagga did they recite first?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဧကကနိပါတေ ဘန္တေ ရူပါဒိဝဂ္ဂေါ နီဝရဏပ္ပဟာနဝဂ္ဂေါတိအာဒိနာ ဝီသတိယာ ဝဂ္ဂေသု ရူပါဒိဝဂ္ဂံ ပဌမံ သံဂါယိံသု.

Answer: Venerable sir, in the Ekaka Nipāta, among the twenty vaggas, such as the Rūpādi Vagga and the Nīvaraṇappahāna Vagga, they first recited the Rūpādi Vagga.

ပုစ္ဆာ – သာဓု သာဓု အာဝုသော, မယမ္ပိ ဒါနိ အာဝုသော တတောယေဝ ပဋ္ဌာယ သံဂါဟနတ္ထာယ သံဂီတိပုဗ္ဗင်္ဂမာနိ ဓမ္မပုစ္ဆနဝိဿဇ္ဇနကိစ္စာနိ အာဝဟိတုံ သမာရဘာမ. တေနာဝုသော ဘဂဝတာ ဇာနတာ ပဿတာ အရဟတာ သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဧကကနိပါတေ ရူပါဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ပုရိမာနိ ပဉ္စ သုတ္တာနိ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question: Good, good, Venerable. We too, Venerable, shall now undertake the task of questioning and answering on the Dhamma, proceeding from that point for the purpose of compilation, with recitation as the prelude. Therefore, Venerable, where, concerning whom, and how were the first five suttas in the Rūpādi Vagga of the Ekaka Nipāta in the Aṅguttara Nikāya spoken by the Blessed One—who knows and sees, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ [Pg.4] ဘန္တေ သမ္ဗဟုလေ ဘိက္ခူ အာရဗ္ဘ ရူပါဒိဂရုကာနံ ပဉ္စန္နံ ပုရိသာနံ အဇ္ဈာသယဝသေန ‘‘နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကရူပမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ ပုရိသဿ စိတ္တံ ပရိယာဒါယ တိဋ္ဌတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဣတ္ထိရူပံ, ဣတ္ထိရူပံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုရိသဿ စိတ္တံ ပရိယာဒါယ တိဋ္ဌတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Answer: Venerable sir, at Sāvatthī, concerning several monks, having regard to the dispositions of five men devoted to forms and the like, the Blessed One spoke thus: 'Monks, I do not perceive even one other form that so captivates a man's mind as does a woman's form. A woman's form, monks, captivates a man's mind.'

နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကရူပမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ ပုရိသဿ စိတ္တံ ပရိယာဒါယ တိဋ္ဌတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဣတ္ထိရူပံ, ဣတ္ထိရူပံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုရိသဿ စိတ္တံ ပရိယာဒါယ တိဋ္ဌတိ.

Monks, I do not perceive even one other form that so captivates a man's mind as does a woman's form. A woman's form, monks, captivates a man's mind.

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.5] အာဝုသော ပစ္ဆိမာနိ ပဉ္စ သုတ္တာနိ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question: Venerable, in that same place, where, concerning whom, and how were the last five suttas spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တသ္မိံယေဝ ဘန္တေ သာဝတ္ထိယံ သမ္ဗဟုလေ ဘိက္ခူ အာရဗ္ဘ ရူပါဒိဂရုကာနံ ပဉ္စန္နံ ဣတ္ထီနံ အဇ္ဈာသယဝသေန ‘‘နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကရူပမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ ဣတ္ထိယာ စိတ္တံ ပရိယာဒါယ တိဋ္ဌတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုရိသရူပံ, ပုရိသရူပံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဣတ္ထိယာ စိတ္တံ ပရိယာဒါယ တိဋ္ဌတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Answer: Venerable sir, at Sāvatthī, concerning several monks, having regard to the dispositions of five women devoted to forms and the like, the Blessed One spoke thus: 'Monks, I do not perceive even one other form that so captivates a woman's mind as does a man's form. A man's form, monks, captivates a woman's mind.'

နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကရူပမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ ဣတ္ထိယာ စိတ္တံ ပရိယာဒါယ တိဋ္ဌတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုရိသရူပံ, ပုရိသရူပံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဣတ္ထိယာ စိတ္တံ ပရိယာဒါယ တိဋ္ဌတိ.

Monks, I do not perceive even one other form that so captivates a woman's mind as does a man's form. A man's form, monks, captivates a woman's mind.

နီတတ္ထဝသေန, နေယျတ္ထဝသေန

In terms of definitive meaning, in terms of provisional meaning.

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဣမသ္မိံ [Pg.6] အာဝုသော ရူပါဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ဘဂဝတာ နီတတ္ထဝသေန ကိံ ကထိတံ, နေယျတ္ထဝသေန ပန ကိံ ဉာပိတံ.

Question: Venerable, in this Rūpādi Vagga, what was spoken by the Blessed One as having definitive meaning, and what was made known as having provisional meaning?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဣမသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ရူပါဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ဘဂဝတာ နီတတ္ထဝသေန ဝဋ္ဋံ ကထိတံ. နေယျတ္ထဝသေန ပန ဝိဝဋ္ဋမ္ပိ ဉာပိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in this Rūpādi Vagga, the Blessed One spoke of the round as having definitive meaning. But as having provisional meaning, he made known the unbinding as well.

၂. နီဝရဏပ္ပဟာနဝဂ္ဂ

2. The Nīvaraṇappahāna Vagga

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဒုတိယော [Pg.7] ပန အာဝုသော နီဝရဏပ္ပဟာနဝဂ္ဂေါ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတော.

Question: But friend, where and how was the second Nīvaraṇappahāna Vagga spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ ‘‘နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယေန အနုပ္ပန္နော ဝါ ကာမစ္ဆန္ဒော ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇတိ, ဥပ္ပန္နော ဝါ ကာမစ္ဆန္ဒော ဘိယျောဘာဝါယ ဝေပုလ္လာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ သုဘနိမိတ္တံ, သုဘနိမိတ္တံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အယောနိသော မနသိကရောတော အနုပ္ပန္နောစေဝ ကာမစ္ဆန္ဒော ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇတိ, ဥပ္ပန္နော စ ကာမစ္ဆန္ဒော ဘိယျောဘာဝါယ ဝေပုလ္လာယ သံဝတ္တတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတော.

Answer: Venerable sir, at Sāvatthī, the Blessed One spoke thus: "Monks, I do not see even one other thing whereby unarisen sensual lust arises, or arisen sensual lust increases and expands, as this, monks: the sign of beauty. Monks, for one who attends unwisely to the sign of beauty, unarisen sensual lust arises, and arisen sensual lust increases and expands."

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဣမသ္မိံ [Pg.8] ပန အာဝုသော ဒုတိယေ နီဝရဏပ္ပဟာနဝဂ္ဂေ ဘဂဝတာ ကိံ ကထိတံ.

Question: But friend, what was spoken by the Blessed One in this second Nīvaraṇappahāna Vagga?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဣမသ္မိံ ပန ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယေ နီဝရဏပ္ပဟာနဝဂ္ဂေ ဘဂဝတာ ဝဋ္ဋမ္ပိ ဝိဝဋ္ဋမ္ပိ ကထိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in this second Nīvaraṇappahāna Vagga, the Blessed One has spoken about both the round and its cessation.

၃. အကမ္မနိယဝ

3. The Akammaniya Vagga

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော…ပေ… [Pg.9] သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဧကကနိပါတေ တတိယေ အကမ္မနိယဝဂ္ဂေ ကီဒိသီ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

Question: Friend, ... what kind of Dhamma teachings were taught by the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One in the third Akammaniya Vagga of the Ekaka Nipāta in the Aṅguttara Nikāya?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတိယေ ဘန္တေ အကမ္မနိယဝဂ္ဂေ ‘‘နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ အဘာဝိတံ အကမ္မနိယံ ဟောတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ စိတ္တံ, စိတ္တံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အဘာဝိတံ အကမ္မနိယံ ဟောတိ. နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ ဘာဝိတံ ကမ္မနိယံ ဟောတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ စိတ္တံ. စိတ္တံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘာဝိတံ ကမ္မနိယံ ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိကာ ဘဂဝတာ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in the third Akammaniya Vagga, Dhamma discourses such as these were taught by the Blessed One: "Monks, I do not see even one other thing that, when undeveloped, is so unserviceable as the mind. Monks, an undeveloped mind is unserviceable. Monks, I do not see even one other thing that, when developed, is so serviceable as the mind. Monks, a developed mind is serviceable."

၄. အဒန္တဝဂ္ဂ

4. The Adanta Vagga

ပုစ္ဆာ – စတုတ္ထေ [Pg.10] ပနာဝုသော အဒန္တဝဂ္ဂေ ဘဂဝတာ ကီဒိသီ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

Question: Friend, in the fourth Adanta Vagga, what kind of Dhamma teachings were taught by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – စတုတ္ထေ ဘန္တေ အဒန္တဝဂ္ဂေ ‘‘နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ အဒန္တံ မဟတော အနတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ စိတ္တံ, စိတ္တံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အဒန္တံ မဟတော အနတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတိ. နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ ဒန္တံ မဟတော အတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ စိတ္တံ, စိတ္တံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒန္တံ မဟတော အတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိကာ ဘဂဝတာ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in the fourth chapter, on the Untamed: "Monks, I do not see even one other thing that, when untamed, leads to such great harm as the mind. Monks, an untamed mind leads to great harm. Monks, I do not see even one other thing that, when tamed, leads to such great benefit as the mind. Monks, a tamed mind leads to great benefit." Thus were such Dhamma discourses delivered by the Blessed One.

၅. ပဏိဟိတအစ္ဆဝဂ္ဂ

5. The Chapter on the Misdirected

ပုစ္ဆာ – ပဉ္စမေ [Pg.11] အာဝုသော ပဏိဟိတအစ္ဆဝဂ္ဂေ ဘဂဝတာ ကီဒိသီ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

Question: In the fifth chapter, friend, on the Misdirected, what kind of Dhamma discourses were delivered by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ပဉ္စမေ ဘန္တေ ပဏိဟိတအစ္ဆဝဂ္ဂေ ‘‘သေယျထာပိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သာလိသူကံ ဝါ ယဝသူကံ ဝါ မိစ္ဆာပဏိဟိတံ ဟတ္ထေန ဝါ ပါဒေန ဝါ အက္ကန္တံ ဟတ္ထံ ဝါ ပါဒံ ဝါ ဘေစ္ဆတိ, လောဟိတံ ဝါ ဥပ္ပာဒေဿတီတိ နေတံ ဌာန ဝိဇ္ဇတိ. တံ ကိဿဟေတု, မိစ္ဆာပဏိဟိတတ္တာ ဘိက္ခဝေ သူကဿ. ဧဝမေဝ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ သော ဝတ ဘိက္ခု မိစ္ဆာပဏိဟိတေန စိတ္တေန အဝိဇ္ဇံ [Pg.12] ဘေစ္ဆတိ, ဝိဇ္ဇံ ဥပ္ပာဒေဿတိ, နိဗ္ဗာနံ သစ္ဆိကရိဿတီတိ နေတံ ဌာနံ ဝိဇ္ဇတိ, တံ ကိဿ ဟေတု, မိစ္ဆာပဏိဟိတတ္တာ ဘိက္ခဝေ စိတ္တဿာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိကာ ဘဂဝတာ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in the fifth chapter, on the Misdirected: "Just as, monks, it is not possible that a wrongly directed rice awn or barley awn, when pressed upon by hand or foot, would pierce the hand or foot and draw blood. For what reason? Because the awn is wrongly directed, monks. Even so, monks, it is not possible that a monk with a wrongly directed mind would penetrate ignorance, give rise to knowledge, and realize Nibbāna. For what reason? Because the mind is wrongly directed, monks." Thus were such Dhamma discourses delivered by the Blessed One.

၆. အစ္ဆရာသံဃာတဝဂ္ဂ

6. The Chapter on the Snapping of a Finger

ပုစ္ဆာ – အစ္ဆရာသံဃာတဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.13] အာဝုသော ပဌမ ဒုတိယသုတ္တာနိ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question: In the chapter on the Snapping of a Finger, friend, how were the first and second suttas spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အစ္ဆရာသံဃာတဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ‘‘ပဘဿရမိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ စိတ္တံ, တဉ္စ ခေါ အာဂန္တုကေဟိ ဥပက္ကိလေသေဟိ ဥပက္ကိလိဋ္ဌံ, တံ အဿုတဝါ ပုထုဇ္ဇနော ယထာဘူတံ နပ္ပဇာနာတိ, တသ္မာ ‘အဿုတဝတော ပုထုဇ္ဇနဿ စိတ္တဘာဝနာ နတ္ထီ’တိ ဝဒါမိ. ပဘဿရမိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ စိတ္တံ, တဉ္စ ခေါ အာဂန္တုကေဟိ ဥပက္ကိလေသေဟိ ဝိပ္ပမုတ္တံ, တံ သုဘဝါ အရိယသာဝကော ယထာဘူတံ ပဇာနာတိ. တသ္မာ ‘သုတပတော [Pg.14] အရိယသာဝကဿ စိတ္တဘာဝနာ အတ္ထီ’တိ ဝဒါမီ’’တိ. ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Answer: In the chapter on the Snapping of a Finger, venerable sir, the Blessed One said: "Monks, this mind is luminous, but it is defiled by adventitious defilements. The uninstructed ordinary person does not understand this as it really is; therefore I say that for the uninstructed ordinary person there is no development of mind. Monks, this mind is luminous, and it is freed from adventitious defilements. The instructed noble disciple understands this as it really is; therefore I say that for the instructed noble disciple there is development of mind." Thus indeed were they spoken by the Blessed One.

တတိယသုတ္တ

The Third Discourse

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.15] အာဝုသော တတိယသုတ္တာဒီနိ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question: Friend, how were the suttas beginning with the Third spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ တတိယသုတ္တာဒီနိ ပဉ္စသုတ္တာနိ ‘‘အစ္ဆရာသံဃာတမတ္တမ္ပိ စေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု မေတ္တာစိတ္တံ အာသေဝတိ, ဘာဝေတိ, မနသိကရောတိ. အယံ ဝုစ္စတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု အရိတ္တဇ္ဈာနော ဝိဟရတိ သတ္ထုသာသနကရော ဩဝါဒပတိကရော အမောဃံ ရဋ္ဌပိဏ္ဍံ ဘုဉ္ဇတိ, ကော ပန ဝါဒေါ ယေ နံ ဗဟုလီကရောန္တိ. ယေကေစိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ အကုသလာ အကုသလဘာဂိယာ အကုသလပက္ခိကာ, သဗ္ဗေတေ မနောပုဗ္ဗင်္ဂမာ, မနော တေသံ ဓမ္မာနံ ပဌမံ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇတိ, အနွဒေဝ အကုသလာဓမ္မာ, ယေကေစိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ ကုသလာ ကုသလဘာဂိယာ ကုသလပက္ခိကာ, သဗ္ဗေတေ မနောပုဗ္ဗင်္ဂမာ, မနော တေသံ ဓမ္မာနံ ပဌမံ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇတိ, အနွဒေဝ ကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in that same place, the Blessed One spoke the five suttas beginning with the Third Sutta: "Monks, if a monk cultivates, develops, and attends to a mind of loving-kindness even for the duration of a finger-snap, he is called a monk who dwells not deficient in jhāna, who follows the Teacher’s instruction, who responds to advice, and who does not eat the country’s alms in vain. What then of those who make it their regular practice? Monks, whatever unwholesome states there are, pertaining to the unwholesome, siding with the unwholesome—all these have mind as their forerunner; mind arises first for them, and the unwholesome states follow after. Monks, whatever wholesome states there are, pertaining to the wholesome, siding with the wholesome—all these have mind as their forerunner; mind arises first for them, and the wholesome states follow after." Thus indeed were they spoken by the Blessed One.

အဋ္ဌမသုတ္တ

The Eighth Discourse

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.17] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမ နဝမ ဒသမသုတ္တာနိ စ ဝီရိယာရမ္ဘာဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ဒသသုတ္တာနိ စ ကလျာဏမိတ္တာဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမသုတ္တဉ္စ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question: Friend, how were the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Discourses in that same place, and the ten discourses in the chapter on the beginning of effort, and the First Discourse in the chapter on good friends spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ အဋ္ဌမ နဝမ ဒသမသုတ္တာနိ စ ဝီရိယာရမ္ဘာဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ဒသသုတ္တာနိ စ ကလျာဏမိတ္တာဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမသုတ္တဉ္စ ‘‘နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယေန အနုပ္ပန္နာ ဝါ အကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ, ဥပ္ပန္နာ ဝါ ကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ပရိဟာယန္တိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပမာဒေါ, ပမတ္တဿ ဘိက္ခဝေ အနုပ္ပန္နာ စေဝ အကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ, ဥပ္ပန္နာ စ ကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ပရိဟာယန္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in that same place the Blessed One spoke the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Discourses, and the ten discourses in the chapter on the beginning of effort, and the First Discourse in the chapter on good friends, beginning thus: 'Monks, I do not see even one other thing whereby unarisen unwholesome states arise and arisen wholesome states decline, as does heedlessness. For the heedless, monks, unarisen unwholesome states arise and arisen wholesome states decline.' Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ဒုတိယသုတ္တ

The Second Discourse

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကလျာဏမိတ္တာဒိဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.19] အာဝုသော ဒုတိယ တတိယသုတ္တာနိ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question: Friend, how were the Second and Third Discourses in the chapter on good friends spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကလျာဏမိတ္တာဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယ တတိယသုတ္တာနိ ‘‘နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယေန အနုပ္ပန္နာ ဝါ အကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ, ဥပ္ပန္နာ ဝါ ကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ပရိဟာယန္တိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အနုယောဂေါ အကုသလာနံ ဓမ္မာနံ အနနုယောဂေါ ကုသလာနံ ဓမ္မာန’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in the chapter on good friends, the Second and Third Discourses were spoken by the Blessed One, beginning thus: 'Monks, I do not perceive even one other thing whereby unarisen unwholesome states arise and arisen wholesome states decline, as does this: application to unwholesome states and non-application to wholesome states.' Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ဆဋ္ဌသုတ္တ

The Sixth Discourse

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.20] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌသုတ္တာဒီနိ စ ပမာဒါဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမသုတ္တဉ္စ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question: Friend, in that same place, how were the Sixth Discourse and the discourses beginning with it, and the First Discourse in the chapter on heedlessness, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဆဋ္ဌသုတ္တာဒီနိ စ ပမာဒါဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမသုတ္တဉ္စ ‘‘အပ္ပမတ္တိကာ ဧသာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပရိဟာနိ ယဒိဒံ ဉာတိပရိဟာနိ. ဧတံ ပတိကိဋ္ဌံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပရိဟာနီနံ ယဒိဒံ ပညာပရိဟာနီတိ. အပ္ပမတ္တိကာ ဧသာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝုဒ္ဓိ ယဒိဒံ ဉာတိဝုဒ္ဓိ. ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝုဒ္ဓီနံ ယဒိဒံ ပညာဝုဒ္ဓိ[Pg.21]. တသ္မာတိဟ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧဝံ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗံ ‘ပညာဝုဒ္ဓိယာ ဝဒ္ဓိဿာမာ’တိ. ဧဝဉှိ ဝေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in that same place, the Sixth Discourse and the discourses beginning with it, and the First Discourse in the chapter on heedlessness, were spoken by the Blessed One, beginning thus: 'Monks, slight is this decline, that is, the decline of relatives. This is the most blameworthy of declines, monks, that is, the decline of wisdom. Slight is this growth, monks, that is, the growth of relatives. This is the foremost of growths, monks, that is, the growth of wisdom. Therefore, monks, you should train yourselves thus: "We will grow in wisdom." Thus, monks, should you train yourselves.' Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ပမာဒါဒိဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Heedlessness

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော…ပေ… [Pg.22] သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန ပမာဒါဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ဒုတိယသုတ္တာဒီနိ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question: Then, friend... how were the Second Discourse and the discourses beginning with it in the chapter on heedlessness spoken by the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယော ဧဝံ မဟတော အနတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပမာဒေါ. ပမာဒေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ မဟတော အနတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတိ. နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ, ယော ဧဝံ မဟတော အတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အပ္ပမာဒေါ, အပ္ပမာဒေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ မဟတော အနတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Answer: 'Monks, I do not perceive even one other thing that leads to such great harm as heedlessness. Heedlessness, monks, leads to great harm. Monks, I do not perceive even one other thing that leads to such great benefit as heedfulness. Heedfulness, monks, leads to great benefit.' Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ဒုတိယ ပမာဒါဒိဝဂ္ဂ

The Second Chapter on Heedlessness

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဒုတိယေ [Pg.24] ပနာဝုသော ပမာဒါဒိဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမသုတ္တာဒီနိ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question: Friend, how were the First Discourse and the discourses beginning with it in the second chapter on heedlessness spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဒုတိယေ ဘန္တေ ပမာဒါဒိဝဂ္ဂေ အဇ္ဈတ္တိကံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အင်္ဂန္တိ ကရိတွာ နာညံ ဧကင်္ဂမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ မဟတော အနတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပမာဒေါ. ပမာဒေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ မဟတော အနတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတိ. အဇ္ဈတ္တိကံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အင်္ဂန္တိ ကရိတွာ နာညံ ဧကင်္ဂမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယံ ဧဝံ မဟတော အတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အပ္ပမာဒေါ. အပ္ပမာဒေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ မဟတော အတ္ထာယ သံဝတ္တတီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in the second chapter on heedlessness, the Blessed One spoke beginning thus: 'Monks, considering internal factors, I do not perceive even one other factor that leads to such great harm as heedlessness. Heedlessness, monks, leads to great harm. Monks, considering internal factors, I do not perceive even one other factor that leads to such great benefit as heedfulness. Heedfulness, monks, leads to great benefit.' Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ဒသသုတ္တ

The Tenth Discourse

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.26] အာဝုသော တေတ္တိံသမာဒီနိစ ဒသသုတ္တာနိ အဓမ္မဝဂ္ဂေ စ ဒသသုတ္တာနိ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

The Question: Friend, in that same place, how were the ten discourses beginning with the Thirty-three, and the ten discourses in the chapter on non-Dhamma, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ တေတ္တိံသမာဒီနိ ဒသသုတ္တာနိ စ အဓမ္မဝဂ္ဂေ ဒသသုတ္တာနိ စ ယေ တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ အဓမ္မံ ‘‘ဓမ္မော’’တိ ဒီပေန္တိ, တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ ဗဟုဇနအဟိတာယ ပဋိပန္နာ ဗဟုဇနအသုခါယ ဗဟုနော ဇနဿ အနတ္ထာယ အဟိတာယ ဒုက္ခာယ ဒေဝမနုဿာနံ. ဗဟုဉ္စ တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ အပုညံ ပသဝန္တိ, တေ စိမံ သဒ္ဓမ္မံ အန္တရဓာပေန္တီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ စ, ယေ တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ အဓမ္မံ ‘‘အဓမ္မော’’တိ ဒီပေန္တိ, တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ ဗဟုဇနဟိတာယ ပဋိပန္နာ ဗဟုဇနသုခါယ ဗဟုဇနော ဇနဿ အတ္ထာယ ဟိတာယ သုခါယ ဒေဝမနုဿာနံ. ဗဟုဉ္စ တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ ပုညံ ပသဝန္တိ, တေ စိမံ သဒ္ဓမ္မံ ဌပေန္တီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ စ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

The Response: Venerable sir, in that same place, the ten discourses beginning with the Thirty-three, and the ten discourses in the chapter on non-Dhamma, were spoken by the Blessed One, beginning thus: 'Monks, those monks who proclaim non-Dhamma as "Dhamma," they, monks, are practicing for the harm of many, for the unhappiness of many, for the detriment, harm, and suffering of many people, both devas and humans. And those monks, monks, generate much demerit; they cause this true Dhamma to disappear.' And beginning thus: 'But those monks, monks, who proclaim non-Dhamma as "non-Dhamma," they, monks, are practicing for the welfare of many, for the happiness of many, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of many people, both devas and humans. And those monks, monks, generate much merit; they establish this true Dhamma.' Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ဧကပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on the One Person

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဧကပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.29] အာဝုသော ဘဂဝတာ ကီဒိသီ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

The Question: Friend, in the Chapter on the One Person, what sort of Dhamma teaching was delivered by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဧကပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧကပုဂ္ဂလော ဘိက္ခဝေ လောကေ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇမာနော ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇတိ ဗဟုဇနဟိတာယ ဗဟုဇနသုခါယ လောကာနုကမ္ပာယ အတ္ထာယ ဟိတာယ သုခါယ ဒေဝမနုဿာနံ. ကတမော ဧကပုဂ္ဂလော, တထာဂတော အရဟံ သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေါ, အယံ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကပုဂ္ဂလော လောကေ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇမာနော ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇတိ ဗဟုဇနဟိတာယ ဗဟုဇနသုခါယ လောကာနုကမ္ပာယ အတ္ထာယ ဟိတာယ သုခါယ ဒေဝမနုဿာနန္တိ ဧဝမာဒိကာ ဘဂဝတာ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

The Reply: Venerable sir, in the Chapter on the One Person, the Blessed One delivered the following Dhamma teaching: 'Monks, when one person arises in the world, he arises for the welfare of the many, for the happiness of the many, out of compassion for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of devas and humans. Who is that one person? The Tathāgata, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One. This, monks, is that one person who arises in the world for the welfare of the many, for the happiness of the many, out of compassion for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of devas and humans.' Thus were the Dhamma teachings delivered by the Blessed One.

ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on the Foremost

အညာသိကောဏ္ဍည ဝတ္ထု

The Story of Aññāsikoṇḍañña

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဧတဒဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.30] အာဝုသော အာဂတေသု ဧကစတ္တာလီသာယ ထေရေသု အာယသ္မာ အညာသိကောဏ္ဍညတ္ထေရော ကထံ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Question: Friend, in the Chapter on the Foremost, among the forty-one elders who came, how was the Venerable Elder Aññāsikoṇḍañña established by the Blessed One in the foremost position?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ အာဂတေသု ဧကစတ္တာလီသာယ မဟာထေရေသု ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ရတ္တညူနံ ယဒိဒံ အညာသိကောဏ္ဍညော’’တိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ အာယသ္မာ အညာသိကောဏ္ဍညတ္ထေရော ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Reply: Venerable sir, in the Chapter on the Foremost, among the forty-one great elders who had come, the Blessed One declared: 'Monks, among my monk disciples who are of long standing, Aññāsikoṇḍañña is the foremost.' Thus, venerable sir, the Venerable Elder Aññāsikoṇḍañña was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position.

အဂ္ဂသာဝကဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Chief Disciples

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.36] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဧကကနိပါတေ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ အာဂတေသု ဧကစတ္တာလီသာယ မဟာထေရေသု အာယသ္မာ စ သာရိပုတ္တတ္ထေရော ဓမ္မသေနာပတိ ပဌမော အဂ္ဂသာဝကော အာယသ္မာ စ မဟာမောဂ္ဂလ္လာနတ္ထေရော ဒုတိယော အဂ္ဂသာဝကော ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Question: Friend, how were the Venerable Elder Sāriputta, the General of the Dhamma, the first chief disciple, and the Venerable Elder Mahāmoggallāna, the second chief disciple, established in the foremost position by that Blessed One, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, the Book of Ones, the Chapter on the Foremost, among the forty-one great elders who had come?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အာယသ္မာ ဘန္တေ သာရိပုတ္တတ္ထေရော ဓမ္မသေနာပတိ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ မဟာပညာနံ ယဒိဒံ သာရိပုတ္တော’’တိ. အာယသ္မာ ပန မဟာမောဂ္ဂလ္လာနတ္ထေရော ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဣဒ္ဓိမန္တာနံ ယဒိဒံ မဟာမောဂ္ဂလ္လာနော’’တိ. ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Reply: Venerable sir, the Venerable Elder Sāriputta, the General of the Dhamma, was established thus: 'Monks, among my monk disciples who are of great wisdom, Sāriputta is the foremost.' And the Venerable Elder Mahāmoggallāna thus: 'Monks, among my monk disciples who possess psychic powers, Mahāmoggallāna is the foremost.' In this way, venerable sir, they were established in the foremost position by the Blessed One.

ဣဒံ [Pg.40] တေ အာသနံ ဝီရ, ပညတ္တံ တဝနုစ္ဆဝိံ;

မမ စိတ္တံ ပသာဒေန္တော, နိသီဒ ပုပ္ဖမာသနေ.

This seat, O hero, is prepared for you, fitting for you; gladdening my heart, be seated on this flowered seat.

ယေ [Pg.44] ဝတ လောကေ အရဟန္တော ဝါ အရဟတ္တမဂ္ဂံ ဝါ သမာပန္နာ, အယံ တေသံ ဘိက္ခု အညတရော.

Truly, of those in the world who are Arahants or have attained the path to Arahantship—this monk is one of them.

ယံနူနာဟံ ဣမံ ဘိက္ခုံ ဥပသင်္ကမိတွာ ပဉှံ ပုစ္ဆေယျံ.

What if I were to approach this monk and ask him a question?

ယေ ဓမ္မာ ဟေတုပ္ပဘဝါ,တေသံ ဟေတုံ တထာဂတော;

အာဟ တေသဉ္စ ယော နိရောဓော,ဧဝံဝါဒီ မဟာသမဏော –

Of those phenomena that arise from a cause, the Tathāgata has told their cause, and also their cessation. Thus teaches the Great Recluse.

လဘေယျာမ [Pg.46] မယံ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတော သန္တိကေ ပဗ္ဗဇ္ဇံ, လဘေယျာမ ဥပသမ္ပဒံ.

Venerable sir, may we receive the going forth in the presence of the Blessed One; may we receive the full ordination.

ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.47] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ မဟာပညာနံ ယဒိဒံ သာရိပုတ္တော.

Monks, among my monk disciples who are of great wisdom, Sāriputta is the foremost.

ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဣဒ္ဓိမန္တာနံ ယဒိဒံ မဟာမောဂ္ဂလ္လာနော.

Monks, among my monk disciples who possess psychic powers, Mahāmoggallāna is the foremost.

မဟာကဿပဝတ္ထု

The Story of Mahākassapa

ပုစ္ဆာ – အာယသ္မာ [Pg.48] ပန အာဝုသော မဟာကဿပတ္ထေရော ပဌမမဟာသံဂီတိကာလေ ပါမောက္ခသံဃနာယကဘူတော ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Question: Now how, friend, was the Venerable Elder Mahākassapa, who was the chief leader of the Saṅgha at the time of the First Great Council, established by the Blessed One in the foremost position?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အာယသ္မာ ဘန္တေ မဟာကဿပတ္ထေရော ပဌမမဟာသံဂီတိကာလေ သံဃပါမောက္ခဘူတော ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဓုတဝါဒါနံ ယဒိဒံ မဟာကဿပေါ’’တိ. ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Reply: Venerable sir, the Venerable Elder Mahākassapa, who was the leader of the Saṅgha at the time of the First Great Council, was established in the foremost position by the Blessed One thus: 'Monks, among my monk disciples who advocate ascetic practices, Mahākassapa is the foremost.'

အနုရုဒ္ဓတ္ထေရဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Elder Anuruddha

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော…ပေ… [Pg.51] သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဧကကနိပါတေ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ အာဂတေသု ဧကစတ္တာလီသာယ မဟာထေရေသု အာယသ္မာ အနုရုဒ္ဓတ္ထေရော ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Question: Friend, how was the Venerable Elder Anuruddha, among the forty-one great elders who came, established in the foremost position by that Blessed One, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, the Book of Ones, the Chapter on the Foremost?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အာယသ္မာ [Pg.52] ဘန္တေ အနုရုဒ္ဓတ္ထေရော ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဒိဗ္ဗစက္ခုကာနံ ယဒိဒံ အနုရုဒ္ဓေါ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Reply: Venerable sir, the Venerable Elder Anuruddha was established in the foremost position by the Blessed One thus: 'Monks, among my monk disciples who possess the divine eye, Anuruddha is the foremost.'

သီဝလိဝတ္ထု

The Story of Sīvali

ပုစ္ဆာ – အာယသ္မာ [Pg.54] ပန အာဝုသော သီဝလိတ္ထေရော ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Question: But how, friend, was the Venerable Elder Sīvali established by the Blessed One in the foremost position?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အာယသ္မာ ဘန္တေ သီဝလိတ္ထေရော ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ လာဘီနံ ယဒိဒံ သီဝလီ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

The Reply: Venerable sir, the Venerable Elder Sīvali was established in the foremost position by the Blessed One thus: 'Monks, among my monk disciples who are recipients of offerings, Sīvali is the foremost.'

သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေါ [Pg.56] ဝတ သော ဘဂဝါ, ယော ဣမဿ ဧဝရူပဿ ဒုက္ခဿ ပဟာနာယ ဓမ္မံ ဒေသေတိ.

Truly, that Blessed One is a Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, who teaches the Dhamma for the abandoning of such suffering.

သုပ္ပဋိပန္နော ဝတ တဿ ဘဂဝတော သာဝကသံဃော, ယော ဣမဿ ဧဝရူပဿ ဒုက္ခဿ ပဟာနာယ ပဋိပန္နော.

Well-practiced indeed is the Saṅgha of that Blessed One's disciples, which has practiced for the abandoning of such suffering.

သုသုခံ ဝတ နိဗ္ဗာနံ, ယတ္ထိဒံ ဧဝရူပံ ဒုက္ခံ န သံဝိဇ္ဇတိ –

Truly blissful is Nibbāna, where no such suffering is found.

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.58] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ လာဘီနံ ယဒိဒံ သီဝလိ’’ ဟု –

Foremost, monks, among my bhikkhu disciples who are recipients of gains is Sīvali.

အာနန္ဒာထေရဝတ္ထု

The Story of Elder Ānanda

ပုစ္ဆာ – အာယသ္မာ ပန အာဝုသော အာနန္ဒတ္ထေရော ဓမ္မဘဏ္ဍာဂါရိကော ပဌမမဟာသံဂီတိကာလေ ဓမ္မဝိဿဇ္ဇကထေရဘူတော ကထံ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

Question: But how, friend, was the venerable Ānanda, the treasurer of the Dhamma, who was the elder who expounded the Dhamma at the time of the First Great Council, established by the Blessed One in this foremost position?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အာယသ္မာ [Pg.59] ဘန္တေ အာနန္ဒတ္ထေရော ဓမ္မဘဏ္ဍာဂါရိကော ပဌမမဟာသံဂီတိကာလေ ဓမ္မဝိဿဇ္ဇကဘူတော ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဗဟုဿုတာနံ ယဒိဒံ အာနန္ဒော. ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ သတိမန္တာနံ ယဒိဒံ အာနန္ဒော. ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဂတိမန္တာနံ ယဒိဒံ အာနန္ဒော. ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဓိတိမန္တာနံ ယဒိဒံ အာနန္ဒော. ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဥပဋ္ဌာကာနံ ယဒိဒံ အာနန္ဒော’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ပဉ္စသု ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေသု ဌပိတော.

Answer: Venerable sir, the venerable Ānanda, the treasurer of the Dhamma and the one who expounded the Dhamma at the time of the First Great Council, was established by the Blessed One in five foremost positions thus: “Foremost, monks, among my bhikkhu disciples who are learned is Ānanda. Foremost, monks, among my bhikkhu disciples who are mindful is Ānanda. Foremost, monks, among my bhikkhu disciples who are of good memory is Ānanda. Foremost, monks, among my bhikkhu disciples who are resolute is Ānanda. Foremost, monks, among my bhikkhu disciples who are attendants is Ānanda.” Thus, venerable sir, was he established by the Blessed One in five foremost positions.

သတသဟဿေန [Pg.61] မေ ကီတံ,သတသဟဿေန မာပိတံ;

သောဘနံ နာမ ဥယျာနံ;

ပဋိဂ္ဂဏှ မဟာမုနိ –

“Bought by me for a hundred thousand, built for a hundred thousand; the park named Sobhana—accept it, O Great Sage.”

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.64] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဗဟုဿုတာနံ. သတိမန္တာနံ. ဂတိမန္တာနံ. ဓိတိမန္တာနံ. ဥပဋ္ဌာကာနံ ယဒိဒံ အာနန္ဒော’’ –

“Foremost, monks, among my bhikkhu disciples who are learned, mindful, of good memory, resolute, and attendants, is Ānanda.”

ဥပါလိဝတ္ထု

The Story of Upāli

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.65] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဧကကနိပါတေ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ အာဂတေသု ဧကစတ္တာလီသာယ မဟာထေရေသု အာယသ္မာ ဥပါလိတ္ထေရော ပဌမမဟာသံဂီတိကာလေ ဝိနယဝိဿဇ္ဇကဘူတော ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

Question: Friend, among the forty-one great elders mentioned in the Etadagga Vagga of the Ekakanipāta in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, how was the venerable Upāli, who was the expounder of the Vinaya at the time of the First Great Council, established in the foremost position by that Blessed One, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အာယသ္မာ ဘန္တေ ဥပါလိတ္ထေရော ပဌမမဟာသံဂီတိကာလေ ဝိနယဝိဿဇ္ဇကဘူတော ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ဝိနယဓရာနံ ယဒိဒံ ဥပါလီ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

Answer: Venerable sir, the venerable Upāli, who was the expounder of the Vinaya at the time of the First Great Council, was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: “Foremost, monks, among my bhikkhu disciples who are upholders of the Vinaya is Upāli.” Thus, venerable sir, was he established by the Blessed One in the foremost position.

ဝိနယော ဝါသယော မယှံ,ဝိနယော ဌာနစင်္ကမံ;

ကပ္ပေမိ ဝိနယေ ဝါသံ,ဝိနယော မမ ဂေါစရော.

“The Vinaya is my dwelling, the Vinaya is my place for standing and walking; I make my abode in the Vinaya, the Vinaya is my pasture.”

မဟာပဇာပတိဂေါတမီထေရီဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Elder Nun Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.68] အာဝုသော အာဂတာသု တေရသသု ထေရီသု မဟာပဇာပတိ ဂေါတမီထေရီ ကထံ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Question: Friend, among the thirteen elder nuns mentioned in the Etadagga Vagga, how was the elder nun Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī established in the foremost position by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.69] ဘန္တေ အာဂတာသု တေရသသု ထေရီသု မဟာပဇာပတိဂေါတမီထေရီ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ ရတ္တညူနံ ယဒိဒံ မဟာပဇာပတိ ဂေါတမီ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Answer: Venerable sir, among the thirteen elder nuns mentioned in the Etadagga Vagga, the elder nun Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: “Foremost, monks, among my female disciples who are nuns and are of long standing is Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī.” Thus, venerable sir, was she established by the Blessed One in the foremost position.

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.73] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ ရတ္တညူနံ ယဒိဒံ မဟာပဇာပတိဂေါတမီ’’ –

“Foremost, monks, among my female disciples who are nuns and are of long standing is Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī.”

ပုစ္ဆာ – ခေမာထေရီ ပန အာဝုသော အဂ္ဂသာဝိကာ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Question: But, friend, how was the elder nun Khemā, the chief female disciple, established in the foremost position by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ခေမာထေရီ ဘန္တေ ပဌမာ အဂ္ဂသာဝိကာ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ မဟာပညာနံ ယဒိဒံ ခေမာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the elder nun Khemā, the first chief female disciple, was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: “Foremost, monks, among my female disciples who are nuns and are of great wisdom is Khemā.” Thus, venerable sir, was she established by the Blessed One in the foremost position.

‘‘ယေ ရာဂရတ္တာနုပတန္တိ သောတံ,သယံကတံ မက္ကဋောဝ ဇာလံ,ဧတမ္ပိ ဆေတွာန ဝဇန္တိ ဓီရာ;

အနပေက္ခိနော သဗ္ဗဒုက္ခံ ပဟာယ’’ –

“Those dyed with passion fall into the stream, like a spider into its self-spun web; the wise, having cut this, go forth, free from longing, abandoning all suffering.”

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.77] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ မဟာပညာနံ ယဒိဒံ ခေမာ’’ –

“Foremost, monks, among my female disciples who are nuns and are of great wisdom is Khemā.”

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဥပ္ပလဝဏ္ဏာ ပန အာဝုသော ထေရီ ဒုတိယအဂ္ဂသာဝိကာ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Question: But, friend, how was the elder nun Uppalavaṇṇā, the second chief female disciple, established in the foremost position by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဥပ္ပလဝဏ္ဏာ ဘန္တေ ထေရီ ဒုတိယအဂ္ဂသာဝိကာ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ ဣဒ္ဓိမန္တီနံ ယဒိဒံ ဥပ္ပလဝဏ္ဏာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the elder nun Uppalavaṇṇā, the second chief female disciple, was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: “Foremost, monks, among my female disciples who are nuns and possess psychic powers is Uppalavaṇṇā.” Thus, venerable sir, was she established by the Blessed One in the foremost position.

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ ဣဒ္ဓိမန္တီနံ ယဒိဒံ ဥပ္ပလဝဏ္ဏာ’’ –

“Foremost, monks, among my female disciples who are nuns and possess psychic powers is Uppalavaṇṇā.”

ပဋာစာရာထေရီဘိက္ခုနီမဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Elder Nun Paṭācārā

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဧကကနိပါတေ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ အာဂတာသု တေရသသု ထေရီသု ပဋာစာရာနာမ ထေရီ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Question: Friend, among the thirteen elder nuns mentioned in the Etadagga Vagga of the Ekakanipāta in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, how was the elder nun named Paṭācārā established in the foremost position by that Blessed One, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ အာဂတာသု တေရသသု ထေရိကာသု ပဋာစာရာ ထေရီ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ ဝိနယဓရာနံ ယဒိဒံ ပဋာစာရာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Answer: Venerable sir, among the thirteen elder nuns mentioned in the Etadagga Vagga, the elder nun Paṭācārā was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: “Foremost, monks, among my female disciples who are nuns and are upholders of the Vinaya is Paṭācārā.” Thus, venerable sir, was she established by the Blessed One in the foremost position.

‘‘ဥဘော ပုတ္တာ ကာလင်္ကတာ,ပန္ထေ မယှံ ပတီ မတော;

မာတာပိတာ စ ဘာတာ စ,ဧကစိတကသ္မိံ ဍယှရေ’’ –

“Both my sons are dead, on the path my husband died; my mother, father, and brother were burned on a single pyre.”

‘‘စတူသု သမုဒ္ဒေသု ဇလံ ပရိတ္တကံ,တတော ဗဟုံ အဿုဇလံ အနပ္ပကံ;

ဒုက္ခေန ဖုဋ္ဌဿ နရဿ သောစနာ,ကိံ ကာရဏာ အမ္မ တုဝံ ပမဇ္ဇသိ’’ –

“The water in the four oceans is but a trifle; far more abundant are the tears of a person touched by suffering and grieving. For what reason, mother, are you heedless?”

‘‘န [Pg.83] သန္တိ ပုတ္တာ တာဏာယ,န ပိတာ နာပိ ဗန္ဓဝါ;

အန္တကေနာဓိပန္နဿ,နတ္ထိ ဉာတီသု တာဏတာ;

ဧတမတ္ထဝသံ ဉတွာ, ပဏ္ဍိတော သီလသံဝုတော;

နိဗ္ဗာနဂမနံ မဂ္ဂံ, ခိပ္ပမေဝ ဝိသောဓယေ’’ –

“Sons are no protection, nor father, nor relatives; for one overcome by the Ender, there is no protection among kinsmen. Understanding this matter, the wise, restrained by virtue, should swiftly clear the path leading to Nibbāna.”

‘‘ယော [Pg.84] စ ဝဿသတံ ဇီဝေ,အပဿံ ဥဒယဗ္ဗယံ;

ဧကာဟံ ဇီဝိတံ သေယျော,ပဿတော ဥဒယဗ္ဗယံ’’ –

“Though one might live a hundred years not seeing arising and passing away, better is a single day of life for one who sees arising and passing away.”

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ ဝိနယဓရာနံ ယဒိဒံ ပဋာစာရာ’’ –

“Foremost, monks, among my female disciples who are nuns and are upholders of the Vinaya is Paṭācārā.”

ဓမ္မဒိန္နာထေရီဘိက္ခုနီမဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Elder Nun Dhammadinnā.

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဓမ္မဒိန္နာ [Pg.85] ပန အာဝုသော ထေရီ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Question: "But how, friend, was the Elder Nun Dhammadinnā established by the Blessed One in the foremost position?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဓမ္မဒိန္နာ ဘန္တေ ထေရီ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ ဓမ္မကထိကာနံ ယဒိဒံ ဓမ္မဒိန္နာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Reply: "Venerable Sir, the Elder Nun Dhammadinnā was established by the Blessed One thus: 'Foremost, O monks, among my nun disciples who are expounders of the Dhamma is Dhammadinnā.' Thus, Venerable Sir, she was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position."

‘‘ယဿ [Pg.88] ပုရေ စ ပစ္ဆာ စ,မဇ္ဈေစ နတ္ထိ ကိဉ္စနံ;

အကိဉ္စနံ အနာဒါနံ,တမဟံ ဗြူမိ ဗြာဟ္မဏံ’’ –

"For whom there is nothing before, after, or in between; who is without possessions and without clinging: him I call a Brahmin."

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ ဓမ္မကထိကာနံ ယဒိဒံ ဓမ္မဒိန္နာ’’ –

"Foremost, O monks, among my nun disciples who are expounders of the Dhamma is Dhammadinnā."

ယသောဓရာထေရီဘိက္ခုနီမဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Elder Nun Yasodharā.

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဘဒ္ဒကစ္စာနာနာမ အာဝုသော ယသောဓရာထေရီ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Question: "Friend, how was the Elder Nun Yasodharā, named Bhaddakaccānā, established by the Blessed One in the foremost position?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဘဒ္ဒကစ္စာနာ [Pg.89] ဘန္တေ ယသောဓရာထေရီ ဘဂဝတာ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ မဟာဘိညပတ္တာနံ ယဒိဒံ ဘဒ္ဒကစ္စာနာ’’တိ. ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Reply: "Venerable Sir, the Elder Nun Yasodharā, Bhaddakaccānā, was established by the Blessed One thus: 'Foremost, O monks, among my nun disciples who have attained great supernormal knowledge is Bhaddakaccānā.' Thus, Venerable Sir, she was established in the foremost position."

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.90] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဘိက္ခုနီနံ မဟာဘိညပတ္တာနံ ယဒိဒံ ဘဒ္ဒကစ္စာနာ’’ –

"Foremost, O monks, among my nun disciples who have attained great supernormal knowledge is Bhaddakaccānā."

တပုဿဘလ္လိကဝတ္ထု

The Story of Tapussa and Bhallika.

ပုစ္ဆာ – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.91] အာဝုသော ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ အာဂတေသု ဧကာဒသသု ဥပါသကေသု တပုဿဘလ္လိကာနာမ ဝါဏိဇာ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Question: "Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Etadagga Vagga, among the eleven lay disciples mentioned, how were the merchants named Tapussa and Bhallika established in the foremost position by the Blessed One?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တပုဿဘလ္လိကာ ဘန္တေ ဝါဏိဇာ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဥပါသကာနံ ပဌမံ သရဏံ ဂစ္ဆန္တာနံ ယဒိဒံ တပုဿဘလ္လိကာ ဝါဏိဇာ’’တိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Reply: "Venerable Sir, the merchants Tapussa and Bhallika were established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: 'Foremost, O monks, among my lay disciples who first went for refuge are the merchants Tapussa and Bhallika.' Thus, Venerable Sir, they were established by the Blessed One in the foremost position."

‘‘ဧတေ [Pg.93] ဘန္တေ မယံ ဘဂဝန္တံ သရဏံ ဂစ္ဆာမ ဓမ္မဉ္စ, ဥပါသကေ နော ဘဂဝါ ဓာရေတု အဇ္ဇတဂ္ဂေ ပါဏုပေတေ သရဏံ ဂတေ’’ ဟု –

"Venerable Sir, we go to the Blessed One for refuge, and to the Dhamma. May the Blessed One remember us as lay followers who, from this day forth, for as long as life lasts, have gone for refuge."

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဥပါသကာနံ ပဌမံ သရဏံ ဂစ္ဆန္တာနံ ယဒိဒံ တပုဿဘလ္လိကာ ဝါဏိဇာ’’ –

"Foremost, O monks, among my lay disciples who were the first to go for refuge are Tapussa and Bhallika, the merchants."

အနာထပိဏ္ဍကဝတ္ထု

The Story of Anāthapiṇḍika.

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.94] ဘဂဝတာ အရဟတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဧကကနိပါတေ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ အာဂတေသု ဧကာဒသသု ဥပါသကေသု သုဒတ္တော ဂဟပတိ အနာထပိဏ္ဍိကော ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

Question: "Friend, how was the householder Sudatta, Anāthapiṇḍika, established in the foremost position among the eleven lay disciples mentioned in the Etadagga Vagga of the Book of the Ones in the Aṅguttara Nikāya by that Blessed One, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ အာဂတေသု ဧကာဒသသု ဥပါသကေသု သုဒတ္တော ဂဟပတိ အနာထပိဏ္ဍိကော ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဥပါသကာနံ ဒါယကာနံ ယဒိဒံ သုဒတ္တော ဂဟပတိ အနာထပိဏ္ဍိကော’’တိ. ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

Reply: "Venerable Sir, among the eleven lay disciples mentioned in the Etadagga Vagga, the householder Sudatta, Anāthapiṇḍika, was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: 'Foremost, O monks, among my lay disciples who are donors is the householder Sudatta, Anāthapiṇḍika.' Thus, Venerable Sir, he was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position."

ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.97] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဥပါသကာနံ ဒါယကာနံ ယဒိဒံ သုဒတ္တော ဂဟပတိ အနာထပိဏ္ဍိကော–

"Foremost, O monks, among my lay disciples who are donors is Sudatta the householder, Anāthapiṇḍika."

သူရမ္ဗဋ္ဌဥပါသကာဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Lay Follower Sūrambaṭṭha.

ပုစ္ဆာ – သူရမ္ဗဋ္ဌော နာမ အာဝုသော ဥပါသကော ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

Question: "Friend, how was the lay follower named Sūrambaṭṭha established by the Blessed One in the foremost position?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သူရမ္ဗဋ္ဌော ဥပါသကော ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဥပါသကာနံ အဝေစ္စပ္ပသန္နာနံ ယဒိဒံ သူရမ္ဗဋ္ဌော’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတော.

Reply: "Venerable Sir, the lay follower Sūrambaṭṭha was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: 'Foremost, O monks, among my lay disciples who have unwavering confidence is Sūrambaṭṭha.' Thus, Venerable Sir, he was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position."

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.100] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဥပါသကာနံ အဝေစ္စပ္ပသန္နာနံ ယဒိဒံ သူရမ္ဗဋ္ဌော’’ ဟု –

"Foremost, O monks, among my lay disciples who have unwavering confidence is Sūrambaṭṭha."

သုဇာတာ ဥပါသိကာဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Laywoman Sujātā.

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.101] အာဝုသော အာဂတာသု ဒသသု ဥပါသိကာသု သုဇာတာနာမ ဥပါသိကာ သေနိယဓီတာ ကထံ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Question: "Friend, in the Etadagga Vagga, among the ten laywomen mentioned, how was the laywoman named Sujātā, the daughter of Seniya, established by the Blessed One in the foremost position?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သုဇာတာ ဘန္တေ သေနိယဓီတာ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဥပါသိကာနံ ပဌမံ သရဏံ ဂစ္ဆန္တီနံ ယဒိဒံ သုဇာတာ သေနိယဓီတာ’’တိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Reply: "Venerable Sir, Sujātā, the daughter of Seniya, was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: 'Foremost, O monks, among my female lay disciples who were the first to go for refuge is Sujātā, the daughter of Seniya.' Thus, Venerable Sir, she was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position."

‘‘ဧတာ [Pg.104] မယံ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝန္တံ သရဏံ ဂစ္ဆာမ ဓမ္မဉ္စ ဘိက္ခုသံဃဉ္စ, ဥပါသိကာယော နော ဘဂဝါ ဓာရေတု အဇ္ဇတဂ္ဂေ ပါဏုပေတာ သရဏံ ဂတာ’’ ဟု –

"Venerable Sir, we go to the Blessed One for refuge, to the Dhamma, and to the Saṅgha of monks. May the Blessed One remember us as laywomen who, from this day forth, for as long as life lasts, have gone for refuge."

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဥပါသိကာနံ ပဌမံ သရဏံ ဂစ္ဆန္တီနံ ယဒိဒံ သုဇာတာ သေနိယဓီတာ’’ –

"Foremost, O monks, among my female lay disciples who were the first to go for refuge is Sujātā, the daughter of Seniya."

ဝိသာခါ ဥပါသိကာဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Laywoman Visākhā.

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဝိသာခါ [Pg.105] ပန အာဝုသော ဥပါသိကာ ကထံ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Question: "But, friend, how was the laywoman Visākhā established by the Blessed One in the foremost position?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဝိသာခါ ဘန္တေ ဥပါသိကာ မိဂါရမာတာ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဥပါသိကာနံ ဒါယိကာနံ ယဒိဒံ ဝိသာခါ မိဂါရမာတာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

Reply: "Venerable Sir, the laywoman Visākhā, Migāra's mother, was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position thus: 'Foremost, O monks, among my female lay disciples who are donors is Visākhā, Migāra's mother.' Thus, Venerable Sir, she was established by the Blessed One in the foremost position."

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.107] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဥပါသိကာနံ ဒါယိကာနံ ယဒိဒံ ဝိသာခါ မိဂါရမာတာ’’ ဟု –

“Monks, foremost among my female lay disciples who are donors is Visākhā Migāramātā.”

ခုဇ္ဇုတ္တရာ ဥပါသိကာဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Female Lay Follower Khujjuttarā

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.108] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဧကကနိပါတေ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ အာဂတာသု ဒသသု ဥပါသိကာသု ခုဇ္ဇုတ္တရာနာမ ဥပါသိကာ ကထံ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

The Question: Friend, how was the female lay follower named Khujjuttarā placed in the foremost position by the Blessed One, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, among the ten female lay followers mentioned in the Etadaggavagga of the Ekakanipāta in the Aṅguttara Nikāya?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဧတဒဂ္ဂဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ အာဂတာသု ဒသသု ဥပါသိကာသု ခုဇ္ဇုတ္တရာ ဥပါသိကာ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဥပါသိကာနံ ဗဟုဿုတာနံ ယဒိဒံ ခုဇ္ဇုတ္တရာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

The Reply: Venerable sir, among the ten female lay followers mentioned in the Etadaggavagga, the female lay follower Khujjuttarā was placed by the Blessed One in the foremost position with the declaration: “Monks, foremost among my female lay disciples who are learned is Khujjuttarā.” Thus, venerable sir, she was placed by the Blessed One in the foremost position.

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.111] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝကာနံ ဥပါသိကာနံ ဗဟုဿုတာနံ ယဒိဒံ ခုဇ္ဇုတ္တရာ’’ ဟု –

“Monks, foremost among my female lay disciples who are learned is Khujjuttarā.”

ကာဠီဥပါသိကာဝတ္ထု

The Story of the Female Lay Follower Kāḷī

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကာဠီနာမ အာဝုသော ဥပါသိကာ ကုရရဃရိကာ ကထံ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

The Question: Friend, how was the female lay follower named Kāḷī of Kuraragharika placed in the foremost position by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကာဠီ ဘန္တေ ဥပါသိကာ ကုရရဃရိကာ ‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ အနုဿဝပ္ပသန္နာနံ ယဒိဒံ ကာဠီ ဥပါသိကာ ကုရရဃရိကာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဧတဒဂ္ဂဋ္ဌာနေ ဌပိတာ.

The Reply: Venerable sir, the female lay follower Kāḷī of Kuraragharika was placed by the Blessed One in the foremost position with the declaration: “Monks, foremost among my female lay disciples who are confident through hearsay is the female lay follower Kāḷī of Kuraragharika.” Thus, venerable sir, she was placed by the Blessed One in the foremost position.

‘‘ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ [Pg.112] ဘိက္ခဝေ မမ သာဝိကာနံ ဥပါသိကာနံ အနုဿဝပ္ပသန္နာနံ ယဒိဒံ ကာဠီ ဥပါသိကာ ကုရရဃရိကာ’’ –

“Monks, foremost among my female lay disciples who are confident through hearsay is the female lay follower Kāḷī of Kuraragharika.”

အဋ္ဌာနပါဠိ

The Text on Impossibilities

ပုစ္ဆာ – သကလာပိ [Pg.113] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌာနပါဠိ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာ.

The Question: Friend, how was the entire Text on Impossibilities spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အဋ္ဌာနမေတံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အနဝကာသော, ယံ ဒိဋ္ဌိသမ္ပန္နော ပုဂ္ဂလော ကဉ္စိသင်္ခါရံ နိစ္စတော ဥပဂစ္ဆေယျ, နေတံ ဌာနံ ဝိဇ္ဇတိ. ဌာနဉ္စ ခေါ ဧတံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝိဇ္ဇတိ, ယံ ပုထုဇ္ဇနော ကဉ္စိသင်္ခါရံ နိစ္စတော ဥပဂစ္ဆေယျ, ဌာနမေတံ ဝိဇ္ဇတီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ သကလာပိ အဋ္ဌာနပါဠိ ဘာသိတာ.

The Reply: “Monks, this is impossible, there is no chance, that a person accomplished in view would regard any conditioned formation as permanent; that possibility does not exist. And this is possible, monks, that an ordinary person would regard some conditioned formation as permanent; that possibility exists.” In this way and others, venerable sir, the entire Text on Impossibilities was spoken by the Blessed One.

ဧကဓမ္မပါဠိ ပဌမဝဂ္ဂ

The Text on a Single Thing: The First Chapter

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဧကဓမ္မပါဠိယံ [Pg.114] အာဝုသော ပဌမဝဂ္ဂေ ကီဒိသီ ဓမ္မဒေသနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဒေသိတာ.

The Question: Friend, in the first chapter of the Text on a Single Thing, what kind of Dhamma teaching was taught by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဧကဓမ္မပါဠိယံ ဘန္တေ ပဌမဝဂ္ဂေ ‘‘ဧကဓမ္မော ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘာဝိတော ဗဟုလီကတော ဧကန္တနိဗ္ဗိဒါယ ဝိရာဂါယ နိရောဓာယ ဥပသမာယ အဘိညာယ သမ္ဗောဓာယ နိဗ္ဗာနာယ သံဝတ္တတိ. ကတမော ဧကဓမ္မော, ဗုဒ္ဓါနုဿတိ, အယံ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကဓမ္မော ဘာဝိတော ဗဟုလီကတော ဧကန္တနိဗ္ဗိဒါယ ဝိရာဂါယ နိရောဓာယ ဥပသမာယ အဘိညာယ သမ္ဗောဓာယ နိဗ္ဗာနာယ သံဝတ္တတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိကာ ဘဂဝတာ ဓမ္မဒေသနာ ဒေသိတာ.

The Reply: Venerable sir, in the first chapter of the Text on a Single Thing, the Blessed One taught Dhamma teachings such as this: “Monks, one thing, when developed and cultivated, leads solely to disenchantment, to dispassion, to cessation, to peace, to direct knowledge, to full enlightenment, to Nibbāna. What is that one thing? Recollection of the Buddha. Monks, this one thing, when developed and cultivated, leads solely to disenchantment, to dispassion, to cessation, to peace, to direct knowledge, to full enlightenment, to Nibbāna.”

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဒုတိယဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.115] ပန အာဝုသော ဘဂဝတာ ကီဒိသီ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

The Question: But friend, what kind of Dhamma teachings were taught by the Blessed One in the second chapter?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဒုတိယဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.116] ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ‘‘နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညံ ဧကဓမ္မမ္ပိ သမနုပဿာမိ, ယေန အနုပ္ပန္နာ ဝါ အကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ, ဥပ္ပန္နာ ဝါ အကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ဘိယျောဘာဝါယ ဝေပုလ္လာယ သံဝတ္တန္တိ, ယထယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မိစ္ဆာဒိဋ္ဌိ. မိစ္ဆာဒိဋ္ဌိကဿ ဘိက္ခဝေ အနုပ္ပန္နာ စေဝ အကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ, ဥပ္ပန္နာ စ အကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ဘိယျောဘာဝါယ ဝေပုလ္လာယ သံဝတ္တန္တီ’’တိ. ဧဝမာဒိကာ ဘဂဝတာ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

The Reply: In the second chapter, venerable sir, the Blessed One taught Dhamma teachings such as this: “Monks, I do not see even one other thing by which unarisen unwholesome states arise, or by which arisen unwholesome states lead to increase and abundance, as this, monks: wrong view. For one with wrong view, monks, unarisen unwholesome states indeed arise, and arisen unwholesome states lead to increase and abundance.”

တတိယဝဂ္ဂ

The Third Chapter

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတိယဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.117] ပန အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမာဒီနိ အဋ္ဌ သုတ္တာနိ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

The Question: In the third chapter, friend, how were the eight suttas, beginning with the fifth, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတိယဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဉ္စမာဒီနိ အဋ္ဌသုတ္တာနိ ‘‘ဒုရက္ခာတေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မဝိနယေ ယော စ သမာဒပေတိ, ယဉ္စ သမာဒပေတိ, ယော စ သမာဒပိတော တထတ္တာယ ပဋိပဇ္ဇတိ. သဗ္ဗေတေ ဗဟုံ အပုညံ ပသဝန္တိ. တံကိဿဟေတု, ဒုရက္ခာဘတ္တာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မဿ. သွာက္ခာတေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မဝိနယေ ယော စ သမာဒပေတိ, ယဉ္စ သမာဒပေတိ, ယော စ သမာဒပိတော, တထတ္တာယ ပဋိပဇ္ဇတိ, သဗ္ဗေတေ ဗဟုံ ပုညံ ပသဝန္တိ. တံကိဿဟေတု သွာက္ခာတတ္တာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မဿာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

The Reply: In the third chapter, venerable sir, the eight suttas beginning with the fifth were spoken by the Blessed One in this way and others: “Monks, in a Dhamma and Discipline poorly proclaimed, whoever encourages, whoever is encouraged, and whoever, being encouraged, practices accordingly—all of them generate much demerit. Why is that? Because, monks, the Dhamma is poorly proclaimed. Monks, in a Dhamma and Discipline well-proclaimed, whoever encourages, whoever is encouraged, and whoever, being encouraged, practices accordingly—all of them generate much merit. Why is that? Because, monks, the Dhamma is well-proclaimed.”

အပရ အစ္ဆရာသံဃာတဝဂ္ဂ

Another Chapter on the Snap of the Fingers

ပုစ္ဆာ – အပရအစ္ဆရာသံဃာတဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.120] ပန အာဝုသော ဘဂဝတာ ကီဒိသီ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

The Question: But, friend, in the other Chapter on the Snap of the Fingers, what kind of Dhamma teachings were taught by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အပရအစ္ဆရာသံဃာတဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ‘‘အစ္ဆရာသံဃာတမတ္တမ္ပိ စေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု ပဌမံ ဈာနံ ဘာဝေတိ, အယံ ဝုစ္စတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု အရိတ္တဇ္ဈာနော ဝိဟရတိ သတ္ထုသာသနကရော ဩဝါဒပတိကရော အမောဃံ ရဋ္ဌပိဏ္ဍံ ဘုဉ္ဇတိ, ကော ပန ဝါဒေါ ယေ နံ ဗဟုလီကရောန္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိကာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

The Reply: Venerable sir, in the other Chapter on the Snap of the Fingers, the Blessed One taught Dhamma teachings such as this: “Bhikkhus, if a bhikkhu develops the first jhāna even for the duration of a finger snap, this, bhikkhus, is called a bhikkhu who dwells not devoid of jhāna, who fulfills the Teacher’s instructions, who is responsive to advice, who eats the country’s alms-food not in vain. What need is there to speak of those who cultivate it frequently?”

ကာယဂတာသတိဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Mindfulness Directed to the Body

ပုစ္ဆာ – သကလောပိ [Pg.122] အာဝုသော ကာယဂတာသတိဝဂ္ဂေါ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတော.

The Question: Friend, how was the entire Chapter on Mindfulness Directed to the Body spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ယဿ ကဿစိ ဘိက္ခဝေ မဟာသမုဒ္ဒေါ စေတသာ ဖုဋော, အန္တောဂဓာ တဿ ကုန္နဒိယော ယာကာစိ သမုဒ္ဒင်္ဂမာ, ဧဝမေဝ ဘိက္ခဝေ ယဿ ကဿစိ ကာယဂတာသတိ ဘာဝိတာ ဗဟုလီကတာ, အန္တောဂဓာ တဿ ကုသလာ ဓမ္မာ ယေကေစိ ဝိဇ္ဇာဘာဂိယာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ သကလောပိ ကာယဂတာသတိဝဂ္ဂေါ ဘာသိတော.

The Reply: Venerable sir, in this way and others, the Blessed One spoke the entire Chapter on Mindfulness Directed to the Body: “Bhikkhus, for whomever the great ocean is encompassed by the mind, whatever rivers flow into the ocean are included therein. In the same way, bhikkhus, for whomever mindfulness directed to the body is developed and cultivated, whatever skillful qualities are conducive to true knowledge are included therein.”

အမတဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on the Deathless

ပုစ္ဆာ – သကလောပိ [Pg.123] အာဝုသော အမတဝဂ္ဂေါ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသတော.

The Question: Friend, how was the entire Chapter on the Deathless spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အမတံ တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ န ပရိဘုဉ္ဇန္တိ, ယေ ကာယဂတာသတိံ န ပရိဘုဉ္ဇန္တိ. အမတံ တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပရိဘုဉ္ဇန္တိ, ယေ ကာယဂတာသတိံ ပရိဘုဉ္ဇန္တိ. အမတံ တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ အပရိဘုတ္တံ, ယေသံ ကာယဂတာသတိ အပရိဘုတ္တာ. အမတံ တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပရိဘုတ္တံ, ယေသံ ကာယဂတာသတိ ပရိဘုတ္တာတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ သကလောပိ အမတဝဂ္ဂေါ ဘာသိတော.

The Reply: Venerable sir, in this way and others, the Blessed One spoke the entire Chapter on the Deathless: “Bhikkhus, those who do not partake of mindfulness directed to the body do not partake of the Deathless. Bhikkhus, those who partake of mindfulness directed to the body partake of the Deathless. The Deathless is not partaken of by those for whom mindfulness directed to the body is not partaken of. The Deathless is partaken of by those for whom mindfulness directed to the body is partaken of.”

ကမ္မကရဏဝဂ္ဂ, ဝဇ္ဇသုတ္တ

The Chapter on the Performance of Kamma; the Sutta on Faults

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.125] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဒုကနိပါတေ ကမ္မကရဏဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမံ ဝဇ္ဇသုတ္တံ ကတ္ထ ကဿ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, by the Blessed One, the Perfectly Enlightened One—in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of the Twos, in the Chapter on Deeds—where, for whom, and how was the first Discourse on Faults spoken?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ သမ္ဗဟုလာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ‘‘ဒွေမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝဇ္ဇာနိ. ကတမာနိ ဒွေ ဒိဋ္ဌဓမ္မိကဉ္စ ဝဇ္ဇံ သမ္ပရာယိကဉ္စ ဝဇ္ဇ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, at Sāvatthī, the Blessed One spoke thus to a number of bhikkhus: “Bhikkhus, there are these two faults. What are the two? A fault pertaining to the present life and a fault pertaining to the life to come.”

တသ္မာတိဟ [Pg.127] ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧဝံ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗံ ‘‘ဒိဋ္ဌဓမ္မိကဿ ဝဇ္ဇဿ ဘာယိဿာမ, သမ္ပရာယိကဿ ဝဇ္ဇဿ ဘာယိဿာမ, ဝဇ္ဇဘီရုနော ဘဝိဿာမ ဝဇ္ဇဘယဒဿာဝိနော’’တိ. ဧဝဉှိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗံ.

“Therefore, bhikkhus, you should train yourselves thus: ‘We will fear a fault pertaining to the present life; we will fear a fault pertaining to the life to come; we will be fearful of faults; we will see the danger in faults.’ Thus, bhikkhus, should you train yourselves.”

ပဓာနသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Exertion

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.128] အာဝုသော ဒုတိယံ ပဓာနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကဿ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, where, to whom, and how was the second Discourse on Exertion spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံယေဝ ဘန္တေ သမ္ဗဟုလာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ‘‘ဒွေမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဓာနာနိ ဒုရဘိသမ္ဘဝါနိ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမာနိ ဒွေ, ယဉ္စ ဂိဟီနံ အဂါရံ အဇ္ဈာဝသတံ စီဝရပိဏ္ဍပါတသေနာသနဂိလာနပစ္စယဘေသဇ္ဇပရိက္ခာရာနုပ္ပာဒနတ္ထံ ပဓာနံ, ယဉ္စ အဂါရသ္မာ အနဂါရိယံ ပဗ္ဗဇိတာနံ သဗ္ဗူပဓိပဋိနိဿဂ္ဂတ္တံ ပဓာနံ. ဣမာနိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ ပဓာနာနိ ဒုရဘိသမ္ဘဝါနိ လောကသ္မိ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, at Sāvatthī itself, the Blessed One spoke thus to a number of bhikkhus: “Bhikkhus, these two exertions are difficult to accomplish in the world. What two? The exertion of householders living at home to produce robes, almsfood, lodging, and medicinal requisites; and the exertion of those gone forth from home to homelessness to relinquish all attachments. Bhikkhus, these two exertions are difficult to accomplish in the world.”

တပနီယသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Tormenting

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.130] အာဝုသော တပနီယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, how was the Discourse on Tormenting spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ တပနီယာ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စဿ ကာယဒုစ္စရိတံ ကတံ ဟောတိ, အကတံ ဟောတိ ကာယ သုစရိတံ, ဝစီဒုစ္စရိတံ ကတံ ဟောတိ, အကတံ ဟောတိ ဝစီသုစရိတံ, မနောဒုစ္စရိတံ ကတံ ဟောတိ, အကတံ ဟောတိ မနောသုစရိတံ. သော ‘‘ကာယဒုစ္စရိတံ မေ ကတ’’န္တိ တပ္ပတိ, ‘‘အကတံ မေ ကာယသုစရိတ’’န္တိ တပ္ပတိ. ဝစီဒုစ္စရိတံ (ပ) ‘‘မနောဒုစ္စရိတံ မေ ကတ’’န္တိ တပ္ပတိ, ‘‘အကတံ မေ မနောသုစရိတ’’န္တိ တပ္ပတိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ ဓမ္မာ တပနီယာတိ. ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus: “Bhikkhus, these two things are tormenting. What two? Here, bhikkhus, a certain person has performed bodily misconduct and has not performed bodily good conduct; has performed verbal misconduct and has not performed verbal good conduct; has performed mental misconduct and has not performed mental good conduct. He is tormented, thinking, ‘I have performed bodily misconduct,’ and he is tormented, thinking, ‘I have not performed bodily good conduct.’ He is tormented, thinking, ‘I have performed verbal misconduct…’ He is tormented, thinking, ‘I have performed mental misconduct,’ and he is tormented, thinking, ‘I have not performed mental good conduct.’ These, bhikkhus, are the two tormenting things.” Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

အတပနီယသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Non-Tormenting

ပုစ္ဆာ – စတုတ္ထံ [Pg.131] ပန အာဝုသော အတပနီယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: But, friend, how was the fourth, the Discourse on Non-Tormenting, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – စတုတ္ထံ ဘန္တေ အတပနီယသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ အတပနီယာ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စဿ ကာယသုစရိတံ ကတံ ဟောတိ, အကတံ ဟောတိ ကာယဒုစ္စရိတံ. ဝစီသုစရိတံ ကတံ ဟောတိ, အကတံ ဟောတိ ဝစီဒုစ္စရိတံ. မနောသုစရိတံ ကတံ ဟောတိ, အကတံ ဟောတိ မနောဒုစ္စရိတံ. သော ‘ကာယသုစရိတံ မေ ကတ’န္တိ န တပ္ပတိ, ‘အကတံ မေ ကာယဒုစ္စရိတ’န္တိ နတပ္ပတိ. ‘ဝစီသုစရိတံ…ပေ… မနောသုစရိတံ မေ ကတ’န္တိ န တပ္ပတိ. ‘အကတံ မေ မနောဒုစ္စရိတ’န္တိ န တပ္ပတိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ ဓမ္မာ အတပနီယာ’’တိ. ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, the fourth is the Discourse on Non-Tormenting: “Bhikkhus, there are these two things that do not torment. What two? Here, bhikkhus, a certain person has performed bodily good conduct and has not performed bodily misconduct; has performed verbal good conduct and has not performed verbal misconduct; has performed mental good conduct and has not performed mental misconduct. He is not tormented, thinking, ‘I have performed bodily good conduct,’ and he is not tormented, thinking, ‘I have not performed bodily misconduct.’ He is not tormented, thinking, ‘I have performed verbal good conduct…’ He is not tormented, thinking, ‘I have performed mental good conduct,’ and he is not tormented, thinking, ‘I have not performed mental misconduct.’ These, bhikkhus, are the two things that do not torment.” Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ဥပညာတသုတ္တ

The Discourse on What Was Declared

ပုစ္ဆာ – ပဉ္စမံ [Pg.132] ပန အာဝုသော ဥပညာတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: But, friend, how was the fifth Discourse on What Was Declared spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ပဉ္စမံ ဘန္တေ ဥပညာတသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွိန္နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာနံ ဥပညာသိံ. ယာ စ အသန္တုဋ္ဌိတာ ကုသလေသု ဓမ္မေသု, ယာ စ အပ္ပဋိဝါနိတာ ပဓာနသ္မိံ. အပ္ပဋိဝါနိ သုဒါဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဒဟာမိ ‘ကာမံ-တစော စ နှာရု စ အဋ္ဌိ စ အဝသိဿတု ဥပသုဿတု သရီရေ မံသလောဟိတံ, ယံ [Pg.133] တံ ပုရိသထာမေန ပုရိသဝီရိယေန ပုရိသပရက္ကမေန ပတ္တဗ္ဗံ, န တံ အပါပုဏိတွာ ဝီရိယဿ သဏ္ဌာနံ ဘဝိဿတီ’’တိ. ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, the fifth Discourse on What Was Declared was spoken by the Blessed One thus: ‘Bhikkhus, I have declared two things: discontent with wholesome states and non-retreat in striving. Bhikkhus, I strive without retreating, thinking: “Let only skin, sinews, and bones remain; let the flesh and blood dry up in my body, but I will not stop striving until I achieve what can be achieved by human strength, human energy, and human effort.”’ Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

စရိယသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Conduct

ပုစ္ဆာ – နဝမံ [Pg.134] ပန အာဝုသော စရိယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: But, friend, how was the ninth Discourse on Conduct spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – နဝမံ ဘန္တေ စရိယသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ သုက္ကာ လောကံ ပါလေန္တိ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, ဟိရီစ ဩတ္တပ္ပဉ္စ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ သုက္ကာ ဓမ္မာ လောကံ န ပါလေယျုံ, နယိဓ ပညာယေထ ‘မာတာ’တိဝါ ‘မာတုစ္ဆာ’တိဝါ ‘မာတုလာနီ’တိဝါ ‘အာစရိယဘရိယာ’တိဝါ ‘ဂရူနံ ဒါရာ’တိ’’ဝါတိ, ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, the ninth Discourse on Conduct was spoken by the Blessed One thus: ‘Bhikkhus, these two bright principles protect the world. Which two? Conscience and moral dread. If, bhikkhus, these two bright principles did not protect the world, there would be no recognition here of “mother,” “maternal aunt,” “maternal uncle’s wife,” “teacher’s wife,” or “wives of respected ones.”’ Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

အဓိကရဏဝဂ္ဂ, သတ္တမသုတ္တ

The Chapter on Issues, the Seventh Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – အဓိကရဏဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.136] ပန အာဝုသော သတ္တမသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: But, friend, regarding the seventh sutta in the Chapter on Issues, where was it spoken by the Blessed One, concerning whom, about what matter, and how?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ ဇာဏုဿောဏိံ ဗြာဟ္မဏံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ဇာဏုဿောဏိ ဘန္တေ ဗြာဟ္မဏော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘ကော နု ခေါ ဘော ဂေါတမ ဟေတု ကော ပစ္စယော, ယေန မိဓေကစ္စေ သတ္တာ ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံမရဏာ အပါယံ ဒုဂ္ဂတိံ ဝိနိပါတံ နိရယံ ဥပပဇ္ဇန္တီ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ကတတ္တာ စ ဗြာဟ္မဏ အကတတ္တာ စ ဧဝမိဓေကစ္စေ သတ္တာ ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံမရဏာ အပါယံ ဒုဂ္ဂတိံ ဝိနိပါတံ နိရယံ ဥပပဇ္ဇန္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, it was spoken at Sāvatthī concerning the brahmin Jāṇussoṇi. Venerable sir, the brahmin Jāṇussoṇi said this to the Blessed One: ‘What, Master Gotama, is the cause, what is the condition, whereby some beings here, on the dissolution of the body, after death, are reborn in a state of deprivation, in an unhappy destination, in perdition, in hell?’ On that occasion, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus: ‘Because of what has been done, brahmin, and because of what has not been done, some beings here, on the dissolution of the body, after death, are reborn in a state of deprivation, in an unhappy destination, in perdition, in hell.’ Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ကော [Pg.137] နု ခေါ ဘော ဂေါတမ ဟေတု ကော ပစ္စယော, ယေန မိဓေကစ္စေ သတ္တာ ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံ မရဏာ အပါယံ ဒုဂ္ဂတိံ ဝိနိပါတံ နိရယံ ဥပပဇ္ဇန္တိ.

“What, Master Gotama, is the cause, what is the condition, whereby some beings here, on the dissolution of the body, after death, are reborn in a state of deprivation, in an unhappy destination, in perdition, in hell?”

‘‘ကတတ္တာစ ဗြာဟ္မဏ အကတတ္တာစ ဧဝမိဓေကစ္စေ သတ္တာ ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံ မရဏာ အပါယံ ဒုဂ္ဂတိံ ဝိနိပါတံ နိရယံ ဥပပဇ္ဇန္တိ’’ –

“Because of what has been done, brahmin, and because of what has not been done, some beings here, on the dissolution of the body, after death, are reborn in a state of deprivation, in an unhappy destination, in perdition, in hell.”

ကော [Pg.138] ပန ဘော ဂေါတမ ဟေတု ကော ပစ္စယော, ယေန မိဓေကစ္စေ သတ္တာ ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံ မရဏာ သုဂတိံ သဂ္ဂံ လောကံ ဥပပဇ္ဇန္တိ –

“But what, Master Gotama, is the cause, what is the condition, whereby some beings here, on the dissolution of the body, after death, are reborn in a good destination, a heavenly world?”

ကတတ္တာ စ ဗြာဟ္မဏ အကတတ္တာ စ ဧဝမိဓေကစ္စေ သတ္တာ ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံ မရဏာ သုဂတိံ သဂ္ဂံ လောကံ ဥပပဇ္ဇန္တိ.

“Because of what has been done, brahmin, and because of what has not been done, some beings here, on the dissolution of the body, after death, are reborn in a good destination, a heavenly world.”

န ခေါ အဟံ ဣမဿ ဘောတော ဂေါတမဿ သံခိတ္တေန ဘာသိတဿ ဝိတ္ထာရေန အတ္ထံ အဝိဘတ္တဿ ဝိတ္ထာရေန အတ္ထံ –

“I do not understand the detailed meaning of this brief statement made by the venerable Gotama, which has not been analyzed in detail.”

သာဓု မေ ဘဝံ ဂေါတမော တထာ ဓမ္မံ ဒေသေတု.

“It would be good, Master Gotama, if you would teach me the Dhamma in such a way.”

အဋ္ဌမသုတ္တ

The Eighth Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.140] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကဿ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, in that same place, where, to whom, and how was the eighth sutta spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ အာယသ္မတော အာနန္ဒဿ ‘‘ဧကံသေနာဟံ အာနန္ဒ အကရဏီယံ ဝဒါမိ ကာယဒုစ္စရိတံ မနောဒုစ္စရိတ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, it was spoken at Sāvatthī to the Venerable Ānanda thus: ‘Ānanda, I declare categorically that bodily misconduct and mental misconduct are not to be done.’ Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

‘‘ဧကံသေနာဟံ [Pg.141] အာနန္ဒ ကရဏီယံ ဝဒါမိ ကာယသုစရိတံ ဝစီသုစရိတံ မနောသုစရိတံ’’ –

“Ānanda, I state unequivocally that good bodily conduct, good verbal conduct, and good mental conduct are to be done.”

နဝမသုတ္တ

The Ninth Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.142] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဒုကနိပါတေ အဓိကရဏဝဂ္ဂေ နဝမသုတ္တံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – “But, friend, was the ninth sutta in the Adhikaraṇavagga of the Dukanipāta in the Aṅguttara Nikāya spoken by the Blessed One, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အကုသလံ [Pg.143] ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဇဟထ, သက္ကာ ဘိက္ခဝေ အကုသလံ ပဇဟိတုံ. နောစေဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ သက္ကာ အဘဝိဿ အကုသလံ ပဇဟိတုံ, နာဟံ ဧဝံ ဝဒေယျံ ‘‘အကုသလံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဇဟထာ’’တိ. ယသ္မာ စ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ သက္ကာ အကုသလံ ပဇဟိတုံ, တသ္မာဟံ ဧဝံ ဝဒါမိ ‘‘အကုသလံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဇဟထာ’’တိ. အကုသလဉ္စ ဟိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဟီနံ အဟိတာယ ဒုက္ခာယ သံဝတ္တေယျ, နာဟံ ဧဝံဝဒေယျံ ‘‘အကုသလံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဇဟထာ’’တိ. ယသ္မာ စ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ အကုသလံ ပဟီနံ ဟိတာယ သုခါယ သံဝတ္တတိ, တသ္မာဟံ ဧဝံ ဝဒါမိ ‘‘အကုသလံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဇဟထာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – “Venerable sir, it was spoken by the Blessed One thus: ‘Monks, abandon what is unwholesome. It is possible, monks, to abandon what is unwholesome. If it were not possible, monks, to abandon what is unwholesome, I would not say, “Monks, abandon what is unwholesome.” But because it is possible, monks, to abandon what is unwholesome, therefore I say, “Monks, abandon what is unwholesome.” And if abandoning what is unwholesome led to harm and suffering, I would not say, “Monks, abandon what is unwholesome.” But because abandoning what is unwholesome leads to benefit and happiness, therefore I say, “Monks, abandon what is unwholesome.”’ Thus, venerable sir, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

ဒသမသုတ္တ, ဧကာဒသမသုတ္တ

The Tenth Sutta and the Eleventh Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.145] အာဝုသော ဒသမဧကာဒသမသုတ္တာနိ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

The Question – “Friend, how were the tenth and eleventh suttas spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဒသမဧကာဒသမသုတ္တာနိ ‘‘ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ သမ္မောသာယ အန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တန္တိ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, ဒုန္နိက္ခိတ္တဉ္စ ပဒဗျဉ္ဇနံ အတ္ထော စ ဒုန္နီတော, ဒုန္နိက္ခိတ္တဿ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဒဗျဉ္ဇနဿ အတ္ထောပိ ဒုန္နယော ဟောတိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ ဓမ္မာ သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ သမ္မောသာယ အန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တန္တီ’’တိ စ. ‘‘ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ ဌိတိယာ အသမ္မောသာယ အနန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တန္တိ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, သုနိက္ခိတ္တဉ္စ ပဒဗျဉ္ဇနံ အတ္ထော စ သုနီတော, သုနိက္ခိတ္တဿ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဒဗျဉ္ဇနဿ အတ္ထောပိ သုနယော ဟောတိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ ဓမ္မာ သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ ဌိတိယာ အသမ္မောသာယ အနန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တန္တီ’’တိ စ. ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

The Reply – “Venerable sir, in that same place, the tenth and eleventh suttas were spoken by the Blessed One thus: ‘Monks, these two things lead to the confusion and disappearance of the True Dhamma. Which two? Badly arranged words and phrases, and meaning badly construed. When the words and phrases are badly arranged, monks, the meaning too is badly understood. These two things, monks, lead to the confusion and disappearance of the True Dhamma.’ And: ‘Monks, these two things lead to the endurance, non-confusion, and non-disappearance of the True Dhamma. Which two? Well-arranged words and phrases, and meaning well construed. When the words and phrases are well arranged, monks, the meaning too is well understood. These two things, monks, lead to the endurance, non-confusion, and non-disappearance of the True Dhamma.’ Thus, venerable sir, were they spoken by the Blessed One.”

ဗာလဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Fools

ဒုတိယသုတ္တ

The Second Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဗာလဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.147] ပန အာဝုသော ဒုတိယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – “But, friend, how was the second sutta in the Chapter on Fools spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဗာလဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယံ သုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ တထာဂတံ အဗ္ဘာစိက္ခန္တိ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, ဒုဋ္ဌော ဝါ ဒေါသန္တရော သဒ္ဓေါ ဝါ ဒုဂ္ဂဟိတေန. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ တထာဂတံ အဗ္ဘာစိက္ခန္တီ’’တိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – “Venerable sir, the second sutta in the Chapter on Fools was spoken thus: ‘Monks, these two malign the Tathāgata. Which two? One who is malicious and inwardly hostile, and one who is faithful but has grasped wrongly. These two, monks, malign the Tathāgata.’ Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.”

တတိယသုတ္တ

The Third Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.148] အာဝုသော တတိယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – “Friend, how was the third sutta spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ တတိယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ‘‘ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ တထာဂတံ အဗ္ဘာစိက္ခန္တိ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, ယော စ အဘာသိတံ အလပိတံ တထာဂတေန ‘ဘာသိတံ လပိတံ တထာဂတေနာ’တိ ဒီပေတိ. ယော စ ဘာသိတံ လပိတံ တထာဂတေန ‘အဘာသိတံ အလပိတံ တထာဂတေနာတိ’ [Pg.149] ဒီပေတိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ တထာဂတံ အဗ္ဘာစိက္ခန္တိ. ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ တထာဂတံ နာဗ္ဘာစိက္ခန္တိ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, ယော စ အဘာသိတံ အလပိတံ တထာဂတေန ‘အဘာသိတံ အလပိတံ တထာဂတေနာ’တိ ဒီပေတိ. ယော စ ဘာသိတံ လပိတံ တထာဂတေန ‘ဘာသိတံ လပိတံ တထာဂတေနာ’တိ ဒီပေတိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ တထာဂတံ နာဗ္ဘာစိက္ခန္တီ’’တိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – “Venerable sir, in that same place, the third sutta was spoken by the Blessed One thus: ‘Monks, these two malign the Tathāgata. Which two? One who declares what was not spoken or uttered by the Tathāgata as “spoken and uttered by the Tathāgata”; and one who declares what was spoken and uttered by the Tathāgata as “not spoken or uttered by the Tathāgata.” These two, monks, malign the Tathāgata. Monks, these two do not malign the Tathāgata. Which two? One who declares what was not spoken or uttered by the Tathāgata as “not spoken or uttered by the Tathāgata”; and one who declares what was spoken and uttered by the Tathāgata as “spoken and uttered by the Tathāgata.” These two, monks, do not malign the Tathāgata.’ Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.”

စတုတ္ထဝဂ္ဂ, ပဉ္စမသုတ္တ

The Fourth Sutta and the Fifth Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.150] အာဝုသော စတုတ္ထပဉ္စမသုတ္တာနိ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

The Question – “Friend, how were the fourth and fifth suttas spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ စတုတ္ထပဉ္စမသုတ္တာနိ ‘‘ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ တထာဂတံ အဗ္ဘာစိက္ခန္တိ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, ယော စ နေယျတ္ထံ သုတ္တန္တံ ‘နီတတ္ထော သုတ္တန္တော’တိ [Pg.151] ဒီပေတိ, ယော စ နီတတ္ထံ သုတ္တန္တံ ‘နေယျတ္ထော သုတ္တန္တော’တိ ဒီပေတီ’’တိ, ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

The Reply – “Venerable sir, in that same place, the fourth and fifth suttas were spoken by the Blessed One thus, and so on: ‘Monks, these two malign the Tathāgata. Which two? One who declares a discourse of interpretable meaning to be of definitive meaning; and one who declares a discourse of definitive meaning to be of interpretable meaning.’”

သမစိတ္တဝဂ္ဂ, ပဌမသုတ္တ

The Chapter on the Even Mind

ပုစ္ဆာ – သမစိတ္တဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.153] အာဝုသော ပဌမသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – “Friend, how was the first sutta in the Chapter on the Even Mind spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သမစိတ္တဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမသုတ္တံ ‘‘အသပ္ပုရိသဘူမိဉ္စ ဝေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒေသေဿာမိ သပ္ပုရိသဘူမိဉ္စ, တံ သုဏာထ သာဓုကံ မနသိကရောထ, ဘာသိဿာမီ’’တိ, ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – “Venerable sir, the first sutta in the Chapter on the Even Mind was spoken by the Blessed One thus, and so on: ‘Monks, I will teach you the ground of the ignoble person and the ground of the noble person. Listen to it, attend closely, I will speak.’”

ဒုတိယသုတ္တ

The Second Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.156] အာဝုသော ဒုတိယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – “Friend, how was the second sutta spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွိန္နာဟံ ဘိက္ခဝေ န သုပ္ပတိကာရ ဝဒါမိ. ကတမေသံ ဒွိန္နံ, မာတု စ ပိတု စာ’’တိ, ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – “Venerable sir, in that same place, the second sutta was spoken by the Blessed One thus, and so on: ‘Monks, I declare that two are not easy to repay. Which two? Mother and father.’”

သမစိတ္တသုတ္တ

The Sutta on the Even Mind

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.157] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ သမစိတ္တသုတ္တံ ကတ္ထ ကဿ ကေန ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – “Friend, where, to whom, by whom, and in what manner was the fifth sutta, the Sutta on the Even Mind, spoken in that same place?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ သမ္ဗဟုလာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ ‘‘အဇ္ဈတ္တသံယောဇနဉ္စ အာဝုသော ပုဂ္ဂလံ ဒေသေဿာမိ ဗဟိဒ္ဓါသံယောဇနဉ္စ, တံသုဏာထ

The Reply – “Venerable sir, at Sāvatthī, to many bhikkhus: ‘Friends, I will teach you the person with internal fetters and the person with external fetters. Listen to it.

သာဓုကံ [Pg.158] မနသိကရောထာ’’တိ, ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ အာယသ္မတာ သာရိပုတ္တတ္ထေရေန ဓမ္မသေနာပတိနာ ဘာသိတံ.

Attend closely.’ Thus, and so on, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Venerable Sāriputta, the General of the Dhamma.”

ဩဝါဒ

Exhortation

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စ [Pg.161] အာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝါ ဩဝါဒံ အဒါသိ.

The Question – “And how, friend, did the Blessed One give his exhortation there?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝါ ‘‘တသ္မာတိဟ သာရိပုတ္တ ဧဝံ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗံ ‘သန္တိန္ဒြိယာ ဘဝိဿာမ သန္တမာနသာ’တိ. ဧဝဉှိ ဝေါ သာရိပုတ္တ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဩဝါဒမဒါသိ.

The Reply – “There, venerable sir, the Blessed One gave his exhortation thus, and so on: ‘Therefore, Sāriputta, you should train thus: “We will have our senses calmed and our minds calmed.” Thus, Sāriputta, should you train.’”

‘‘ဧသော ဘန္တေ အာယသ္မာ သာရိပုတ္တော ပုဗ္ဗာရာမေ မိဂါရမာတုပါသာ ဒေ ဘိက္ခူနံ အဇ္ဈတ္တသံယောဇနဉ္စ ပုဂ္ဂလံ ဒေသေတိ ဗဟိဒ္ဓါ သံယောဇနဉ္စ’’ –

"Venerable sir, the Venerable Sāriputta is teaching the bhikkhus in the Eastern Park, in Migāra's Mother's Mansion, about the person with internal fetters and the person with external fetters."

သာဓု [Pg.162] ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝါ ယေန အာယသ္မာ သာရိပုတ္တော တေနုပသင်္ကမတု အနုကမ္ပံ ဥပါဒါယ.

"It is good, venerable sir, that the Blessed One should approach the Venerable Sāriputta out of compassion."

တာ ခေါ ပန သာရိပုတ္တ ဒေဝတာ ဒသပိ ဟုတွာ ဝီသမ္ပိ ဟုတွာ တိံသမ္ပိ ဟုတွာ စတ္တာလီသမ္ပိ ဟုတွာ ပညာသမ္ပိ ဟုတွာ သဋ္ဌိပိ ဟုတွာ အာရဂ္ဂကောဋိနိတုဒနမတ္တေပိ တိဋ္ဌန္တိ, န စ အညမညံ ဗျာဗာဓေန္တိ–

"Then, Sāriputta, those deities—whether ten, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, or sixty of them—can stand on a space the size of a needle-point's prick, and they do not crowd one another."

တသ္မာတိဟ [Pg.163] သာရိပုတ္တ ဧဝံ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗံ သန္တိန္ဒြိယာ ဘဝိဿာမ သန္တမာနသာ.

"Therefore, Sāriputta, you should train thus: 'We will have our faculties calmed and our minds calmed.'"

ပရိသဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Assemblies

ဥတ္တာနသုတ္တ

The Uttāna Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.165] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဒုကနိပါတေ ပရိသဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမံ ဥတ္တာနသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, how was the first Uttāna Sutta spoken by the Blessed One… the Perfectly Enlightened One, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, the Book of the Twos, in the Chapter on Assemblies?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ပဌမံ ဘန္တေ ဥတ္တာနသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွေမာ သိက္ခဝေ ပရိသာ, ကတမာ ဒွေ, ဥတ္တာနာ စ ပရိသာ ဂမ္ဘီရာ စ ပရိသာ, ကတမာ စ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဥတ္တာနာ ပရိသာ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ယဿံ ပရိသာယံ ဘိက္ခူ ဥဒ္ဓတာ ဟောန္တိ ဥန္နဠာ စပလာ မုခရာ ဝိကိဏ္ဏဝါစာ မုဋ္ဌဿတီ အသမ္ပဇာနာ အသမာဟိတာ ဝိဗ္ဘန္တစိတ္တာ ပါကတိန္ဒြိယာ. အယံ ဝုစ္စတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဥတ္တာနာ ပရိသာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, the first Uttāna Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: "Bhikkhus, there are these two assemblies. Which two? The shallow assembly and the profound assembly. And what, bhikkhus, is the shallow assembly? Here, bhikkhus, in whatever assembly the bhikkhus are agitated, insolent, fickle, garrulous, of scattered speech, unmindful, not clearly comprehending, unconcentrated, with wandering minds, and with unrestrained faculties. This, bhikkhus, is called the shallow assembly."

သောပရိသတ္တက

Soparisattaka

ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဣမာသံ ဒွိန္နံ ပရိသာနံ ယဒိဒံ ဂမ္ဘီရာ ပရိသာ.

"Bhikkhus, of these two assemblies, this is the foremost, that is, the profound assembly."

အနဂ္ဂဝတီသုတ္တ

The Anaggavatī Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.167] အာဝုသော တတိယံ အနဂ္ဂဝတီသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, how was the third Anaggavatī Sutta spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ တတိယံ အနဂ္ဂဝတီသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွေမာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပရိသာ. ကတမာ ဒွေ, အနဂ္ဂဝတီ စ ပရိသာ အဂ္ဂဝတီ စ ပရိသာ. ကတမာ စ ဘိက္ခဝေ အနဂ္ဂဝတီ ပရိသာ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ယဿံ ပရိသာယံ ထေရာ ဘိက္ခူ ဗာဟုလိကာ ဟောန္တိ သာထလိကာ, ဩက္ကမနေ ပုဗ္ဗင်္ဂမာ, ပဝိဝေကေ နိက္ခိတ္တဓုရာ, န ဝီရိယံ အာရဘန္တိ အပ္ပတ္တဿ ပတ္တိယာ အနဓိဂတဿ အဓိဂမာယ အသစ္ဆိကဘဿ သစ္ဆိကိရိယာယာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, in that same place the third Anaggavatī Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: "Bhikkhus, there are these two assemblies. Which two? The assembly without a chief and the assembly with a chief. And what, bhikkhus, is the assembly without a chief? Here, bhikkhus, in whatever assembly the elder bhikkhus are given to abundance, lax, leaders in backsliding, who have shirked the duty of seclusion, and do not arouse energy for the attainment of the unattained, for the achievement of the unachieved, for the realization of the unrealized."

ဩက္ကာစိတဝိနီတသုတ္တ

The Okkācitavinīta Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.170] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ ဩက္ကာစိတဝိနီတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, how was the sixth Okkācitavinīta Sutta spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဆဋ္ဌံ ဩက္ကာစိတဝိနီတသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွေမာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပရိသာ. ကတမာ ဒွေ, ဩက္ကာစိတဝိနီတာ ပရိသာ နော ပဋိပုစ္ဆာဝိနီတာ, ပဋိပုစ္ဆာ ဝိနီတာ ပရိသာ နော ဩက္ကာစိတဝိနီတာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, in that same place the sixth Okkācitavinīta Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: "Bhikkhus, there are these two assemblies. Which two? An assembly trained by acquiescence, not trained by questioning; and an assembly trained by questioning, not trained by acquiescence."

ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Individuals

အသန္တသန္နိဝါသသုတ္တ

The Asantasannivāsa Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.173] အာဝုသော ဧကာဒသမံ အသန္တသန္နိဝါသသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, in the Chapter on Individuals, how was the eleventh Asantasannivāsa Sutta spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဧကာဒသမံ အသန္တသန္နိဝါသသုတ္တံ ‘‘အသန္တသန္နိဝါသဉ္စ ဝေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒေသေဿာမိ သန္တသန္နိဝါသဉ္စ, တံ သုဏာထ, သာဓုကံ မနသိကရောထ ဘာသိဿာမီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Individuals, the eleventh Asantasannivāsa Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: "Bhikkhus, I will teach you co-residence with the unrighteous and co-residence with the righteous. Listen to that and attend closely, I will speak."

သုခဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Happiness

ပုစ္ဆာ – သုခဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.176] ပန အာဝုသော ဘဂဝတာ ကီဒိသီ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

Question – But in the Chapter on Happiness, friend, what kind of Dhamma teachings were taught by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သုခဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ‘‘ဒွေမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သုခါနိ. ကတမာနိ ဒွေ, ဂိဟိသုခဉ္စ ပဗ္ဗဇိတသုခဉ္စ, ဣမာနိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒွေ သုခါနိ. ဧတဒဂ္ဂံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဣမေသံ ဒွိန္နံ သုခါနံ ယဒိဒံ ပဗ္ဗဇိတသုခ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိကာ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယော ဒေသိတာ.

Response – In the Chapter on Happiness, venerable sir, Dhamma teachings such as the following were taught by the Blessed One: "Bhikkhus, there are these two kinds of happiness. Which two? The happiness of a householder and the happiness of one gone forth. These, bhikkhus, are the two kinds of happiness. Of these two kinds of happiness, this is the foremost, that is, the happiness of one gone forth."

အာယာစနဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Aspiration

ပုစ္ဆာ – အာယာစနဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.178] ပန အာဝုသော ဘဂဝတာ ပဌမာဒီနိ စတ္တာရိ သုတ္တာနိ ကထံ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Question – But in the Chapter on Aspiration, friend, how were the first four suttas spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အာယာစနဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမာဒီနိ စတ္တာရိ သုတ္တာနိ ‘‘သဒ္ဓေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု ဧဝံ သမ္မာ အာယာစမာနော အာယာစေယျ တာဒိသော ဟောမိ, ယာဒိသာ သာရိပုတ္တမောဂ္ဂလ္လာနာ’’တိ, ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတာနိ.

Response – In the Chapter on Aspiration, venerable sir, the first four suttas were spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: "Bhikkhus, a faithful bhikkhu, aspiring rightly, should aspire thus: 'May I be like Sāriputta and Moggallāna!'"

အဝဏ္ဏာရဟသုတ္တ

The Avaṇṇāraha Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.180] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ အဝဏ္ဏာရဟသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – There, friend, how was the fifth Avaṇṇāraha Sutta spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ပဉ္စမံ အဝဏ္ဏာရဟသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွီဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ဗာလော အဗျတ္တော အသပ္ပုရိသော ဧတံ ဥပဟတံ အတ္တာနံ ပရိဟရတိ, သာဝဇ္ဇော စ ဟောတိ သာနုဝဇ္ဇော စ ဝိညူနံ, ဗဟုဉ္စ အပုညံ ပသဝတီ’’တိ, ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – There, venerable sir, the fifth Avaṇṇāraha Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Bhikkhus, endowed with two qualities, a foolish, incompetent, and bad person carries himself in a ruined and corrupt way; he is blameworthy and censured by the wise, and he generates much demerit.”

အပ္ပသာဒနီယသုတ္တ

The Appasādanīya Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.182] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ ဒုကနိပါတေ အာယာစနဝဂ္ဂေ ဆဋ္ဌံ အပ္ပသာဒနီယသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, how was the sixth Discourse on What is Uninspiring spoken by the Blessed One... the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One... in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, the Book of Twos, in the Chapter on Requesting?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဆဋ္ဌံ ဘန္တေ အပ္ပသာဒနီယသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွီဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ဗာလော အဗျတ္တော အသပ္ပုရိသော ဧတံ ဥပဟတံ အတ္တာနံ ပရိဟရတိ, သာဝဇ္ဇော စ ဟောတိ သာနုဝဇ္ဇော စ ဝိညူနံ, ဗဟုဉ္စ အပုညံ ပသဝတိ. ကတမေဟိ ဒွီဟိ, အနနုဝိစ္စ အပရိယောဂါဟေတွာ အပ္ပသာဒနီယေ ဌာနေ ပသာဒံ ဥပဒံသေတိ, အနနုဝိစ္စ အပရိယော ဂါဟေတွာ ပသာဒနီယေ ဌာနေ အပ္ပသာဒံ ဥပဒံသေတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: Venerable sir, the sixth Discourse on What is Uninspiring was spoken thus: “Monks, a fool, an incompetent person, an ignoble person, endowed with two qualities, maintains himself in a way that is afflicted, is blameworthy and censured by the wise, and generates much demerit. What two? Without investigating and without examining, he displays confidence in what is uninspiring; and without investigating and without examining, he displays lack of confidence in what is inspiring.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

မာတာပိတုသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Mother and Father

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.184] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ မာတာပိတုသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: There, friend, how was the seventh Discourse on Mother and Father spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ သတ္တမံ မာတာပိတုသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွီသု ဘိက္ခဝေ မိစ္ဆာ ပဋိပဇ္ဇမာနော ဗာလော အဗျတ္တော အသပ္ပုရိသော ဧတံ ဥပဟတံ အတ္တာနံ ပရိဟရတိ, သာဝဇ္ဇော စ ဟောဟိ သာနုဝဇ္ဇော စ ဝိညူနံ, ဗဟုဉ္စ အပုညံ ပသဝတိ. ကတမေသု ဒွီသု, မာတရိ စ ပိတရိ စာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: There, venerable sir, the seventh Discourse on Mother and Father was spoken thus: “Monks, a fool, an incompetent person, an ignoble person, behaving wrongly towards two, maintains himself in a way that is afflicted, is blameworthy and censured by the wise, and generates much demerit. Towards what two? Towards his mother and father.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

တထာဂတသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Tathāgata

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.185] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမံ တထာဂတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: There, friend, how was the eighth Discourse on the Tathāgata spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.186] ဘန္တေ အဋ္ဌမံ တထာဂတသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွီသု ဘိက္ခဝေ မိစ္ဆာပဋိပဇ္ဇမာနော ဗာလော အဗျတ္တော အသပ္ပုရိသော ဧတံ ဥပဟတံ အတ္တာနံ ပရိဟရတိ, သာဝဇ္ဇော စ ဟောတိ သာနုဝဇ္ဇော စ ဝိညူနံ, ဗဟုဉ္စ အပုညံ ပသဝတိ. ကတမေသု ဒွီသု, တထာဂတေ စ တထာဂတသာဝကေ စာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: There, venerable sir, the eighth Discourse on the Tathāgata was spoken thus: “Monks, a fool, an incompetent person, an ignoble person, behaving wrongly towards two, maintains himself in a way that is afflicted, is blameworthy and censured by the wise, and generates much demerit. Towards what two? Towards the Tathāgata and the Tathāgata’s disciple.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

တိကနိပါတ

The Book of Threes

ဗာလဝဂ္ဂ, ဘယသုတ္တ

The Chapter on Fools, the Discourse on Fear

ပုစ္ဆာ – တိကနိပါတေ [Pg.189] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ ဘယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကဿ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: But in the Book of Threes, friend, where, to whom, and how was the first Discourse on Fear spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ သမ္ဗဟုလာနံ ‘‘ယာနိ ကာနိစိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘယာနိ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ, သဗ္ဗာနိ တာနိ ဗာလတော ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ နော ပဏ္ဍိတတော. ယေ ကေစိ ဥပ္ပဒ္ဒဝါ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ, သဗ္ဗေတေ ဗာလတော ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ နော ပဏ္ဍိတတော. ယေကေစိ ဥပသဂ္ဂါ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ, သဗ္ဗေတေ ဗာလတော ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇန္တိ နော ပဏ္ဍိတတော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: At Sāvatthī, venerable sir, to many: “Monks, whatever fears arise, all those arise from the fool, not from the wise one. Whatever misfortunes arise, all those arise from the fool, not from the wise one. Whatever dangers arise, all those arise from the fool, not from the wise one.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

စိန္တီသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Thinking

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.190] အာဝုသော တတိယံ စိန္တီသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: There, friend, how was the third Discourse on Thinking spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ စိန္တီသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဏိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဗာလဿ ဗာလလက္ခဏာနိ [Pg.191] ဗာလနိမိတ္တာနိ ဗာလာပဒါနာနိ. ကတမာနိ တီဏိ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဗာလော ဒုစ္စိန္တိတစိန္တီ စ ဟောတိ ဒုဗ္ဘာသိတဘာသီ စ ဒုက္ကဋကမ္မကာရီ စာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: There, venerable sir, the Discourse on Thinking was spoken thus: “Monks, these are the three characteristics of a fool, the signs of a fool, the marks of a fool. What three? Here, monks, a fool is one who thinks ill-thought thoughts, speaks ill-spoken speech, and does ill-done deeds.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

အစ္စယသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Transgression

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.193] အာဝုသော စတုတ္ထံ အစ္စယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: There, friend, how was the fourth Discourse on Transgression spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ စတုတ္ထံ အစ္စယသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ဗာလော ဝေဒိတဗ္ဗော. ကတမေဟိ တီဟိ, အစ္စယံ အစ္စယတော ဒိသွာ ယထာဓမ္မံ နပ္ပဋိကရောတိ, ပရဿ ခေါ ပန အစ္စယံ ဒေသေန္တဿ ယထာဓမ္မံ နပ္ပဋိဂ္ဂဏှာတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: There, venerable sir, the fourth Discourse on Transgression was spoken thus: “Monks, a fool is to be known by three qualities. What three? Having seen a transgression as a transgression, he does not make amends for it in accordance with the Dhamma; and when another confesses a transgression, he does not accept it in accordance with the Dhamma.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

မလသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Stains

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.195] အာဝုသော ဒသမံ မလသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: There, friend, how was the tenth Discourse on Stains spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဒသမံ မလသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော တယော မလေ အပ္ပဟာယ ယထာဘတံ နိက္ခိတ္တော ဧဝံ နိရယေ. ကတမေဟိ တီဟိ, ဒုဿီလော စ ဟောတိ, ဒုဿီလျမလဉ္စဿ အပ္ပဟီနံ ဟောတိ. ဣဿုကီ စ ဟောတိ, ဣဿာမလဉ္စဿ အပ္ပဟီနံ ဟောတိ. မစ္ဆရီ စ ဟောတိ, မစ္ဆရမလဉ္စဿ အပ္ပဟီနံ ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: There, venerable sir, the tenth Discourse on Stains was spoken thus: “Monks, endowed with three qualities, having not abandoned three stains, one is cast into hell as if carried there. What three? He is immoral, and the stain of immorality is not abandoned by him. He is envious, and the stain of envy is not abandoned by him. He is miserly, and the stain of miserliness is not abandoned by him.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ရထကာရဝဂ္ဂ, ဉာတသုတ္တ

The Chapter of the Chariot-Maker, the Discourse on the Well-Known

ပုစ္ဆာ – ရထကာရဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.197] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ ဉာတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: In the Chapter of the Chariot-Maker, friend, how was the first Discourse on the Well-Known spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ပဌမံ ဘန္တေ ဉာတသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ဉာတော ဘိက္ခု ဗဟုဇနအဟိတာယ ပဋိပန္နော ဟောတိ ဗဟုဇန ဒုက္ခာယ ဗဟုနော ဇနဿ အနတ္ထာယ အဟိတာယ ဒုက္ခာယ ဒေဝမနုဿာနံ. ကတမေဟိ တီဟိ, အနနုလောမိကေ ကာယကမ္မေ သမာဒပေတိ, အနနုလောမိကေ ဝစီကမ္မေ သမာဒပေတိ, အနနုလောမိကေသု ဓမ္မေသု သမာဒပေတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: Venerable sir, the first Discourse on the Well-Known was spoken thus: “Monks, a well-known bhikkhu endowed with three qualities practices for the harm of many people, for the suffering of many people, for the misfortune, harm, and suffering of many beings, of devas and humans. What three? He encourages others in unconforming bodily action, he encourages others in unconforming verbal action, and he encourages others in unconforming qualities.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

အာသံသသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Hope

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.199] အာဝုသော တတိယံ အာသံသသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: There, friend, how was the third Discourse on Hope spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ တတိယံ အာသံသသုတ္တံ ‘‘တယောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ တယော နိရာသော အာသံသော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: There, venerable sir, the third Discourse on Hope was spoken thus: “Monks, these three persons are found existing in the world. What three? The hopeless, the hopeful…” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

သစေတနသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Sacetana

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.203] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ တိကနိပါတေ ရထကာရဝဂ္ဂေ ပဉ္စမံ သစေတနသုတ္တံ ကတ္ထ ကဿ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, by the Blessed One... the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One... in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Threes, in the Chapter of the Chariot-Maker, where, to whom, and how was the fifth Discourse on Sacetana spoken?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဘန္တေ သမ္ဗဟုလာနံ ဘိက္ခူနံ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘ဘူတပုဗ္ဗံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ရာဇာ အဟောသိ သစေတနော နာမ, အထ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ရာဇာ သစေတနော ရထကာရံ အာမန္တေသိ ဣတော မေ သမ္မ ရထကာရ ဆန္နံ မာသာနံ ပစ္စယေန သင်္ဂါမော ဘဝိဿတိ သက္ခိဿသိ မေ သမ္မ ရထကာရ နဝံ စက္ကယုဂံ ကာတု’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: At Bārāṇasī, venerable sir, concerning many bhikkhus: “Monks, once upon a time there was a king named Sacetana. Then, monks, King Sacetana addressed the chariot-maker: ‘My dear chariot-maker, six months from now there will be a battle. Will you be able to make a new pair of wheels for me?’” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

အပဏ္ဏကသုတ္တ

The Apaṇṇaka Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.208] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ အပဏ္ဏကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: How, friend, was the sixth Apaṇṇaka Sutta spoken by the Blessed One there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဆဋ္ဌံ ဘန္တေ အပဏ္ဏကသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ဘိက္ခု အပဏ္ဏကပဋိပဒံ ပဋိပန္နော ဟောတိ, ယောနိ စဿ အာရဒ္ဓါ ဟောတိ အာသဝါနံ ခယာယ. ကတမေဟိ တီဟိ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု ဣန္ဒြိယေသု ဂုတ္တဒွါရော ဟောတိ, ဘောဇနေ မတ္တညူ ဟောတိ, ဇာဂရိယမနုယုတ္တော ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the sixth Apaṇṇaka Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One as follows: “Monks, a bhikkhu endowed with three qualities practices the infallible path, and his effort is aroused for the destruction of the taints. What three? Here, monks, a bhikkhu guards the doors of the senses, is moderate in eating, and is devoted to wakefulness.”

ဒေဝလောကသုတ္တ

The Devaloka Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.210] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမံ ဒေဝလောကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: How, friend, was the eighth Devaloka Sutta spoken by the Blessed One there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ အဋ္ဌမံ ဒေဝလောကသုတ္တံ ‘‘သစေ ဝေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ အညတိတ္ထိယာ ပရိဗ္ဗာဇကာ ဧဝံ ပုစ္ဆေယျုံ ‘‘ဒေဝလောကူပပတ္တိယာ အာဝုသော သမဏေ ဂေါတမေ ဗြဟ္မစရိယံ ဝုဿထာ’တိ. နနု တုမှေ ဘိက္ခဝေ [Pg.211] ဧဝံ ပုဋ္ဌာ အဋ္ဋီယေယျာထ ဟရာယေယျာထ ဇိဂုစ္ဆေယျာထာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the eighth Devaloka Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One as follows: “Monks, if wanderers of other sects were to ask you thus: ‘Friends, do you live the holy life under the ascetic Gotama for the sake of rebirth in a deva world?’ Would you not, monks, when asked thus, be troubled, ashamed, and disgusted?”

ပဌမ ပါပဏိကသုတ္တ

The First Pāpaṇika Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.212] အာဝုသော နဝမံ ပဌမပါပဏိကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: How, friend, was the ninth First Pāpaṇika Sutta spoken by the Blessed One there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ နဝမံ ပဌမပါပဏိကသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ အင်္ဂေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ပါပဏိကော အဘဗ္ဗော အနဓိဂတံ ဝါ ဘောဂံ အဓိဂန္တုံ, အဓိဂတံ ဝါ ဘောဂံ ဖာတိံ ကာတုံ. ကတမေဟိ တီဟိ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပါပဏိကော ပုဗ္ဗဏှသမယံ န သက္ကစ္စံ ကမ္မန္တံ အဓိဋ္ဌာတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, there the ninth First Pāpaṇika Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One as follows: “Monks, a shopkeeper endowed with three qualities is incapable of acquiring wealth not yet acquired, or of increasing wealth already acquired. What three? Here, monks, a shopkeeper does not diligently apply himself to his work in the morning.”

ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Persons

ဂိလာနသုတ္တ

The Gilāna Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.215] ပန အာဝုသော ဒုတိယံ ဂိလာနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: But, friend, how was the second Gilāna Sutta in the Chapter on Persons spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယံ ဂိလာနသုတ္တံ ‘‘တယောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဂိလာနာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ တယော, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ဂိလာနော လဘန္တော ဝါ သပ္ပာယာနိ ဘောဇနာနိ အလဘန္တော ဝါ သပ္ပာယာနိ ဘောဇနာနိ, လဘန္တော ဝါ သပ္ပာယာနိ ဘေသဇ္ဇာနိ အလဘန္တော ဝါ သပ္ပာယာနိ ဘေသဇ္ဇာနိ, လဘန္တော ဝါ ပတိရူပံ ဥပဋ္ဌာကံ အလဘန္တော ဝါ ပတိရူပံ ဥပဋ္ဌာကံ ဝုဋ္ဌာတိ တမှာ အာဗာဓာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the second Gilāna Sutta in the Chapter on Persons was spoken by the Blessed One as follows: “Monks, these three sick persons are found existing in the world. What three? Here, monks, a certain sick person, whether or not obtaining suitable food, whether or not obtaining suitable medicine, and whether or not obtaining a suitable attendant, recovers from that illness.”

ဗဟုကာရသုတ္တ

The Bahukāra Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.217] အာဝုသော စတုတ္ထံ ဗဟုကာရသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: How, friend, was the fourth Bahukāra Sutta spoken by the Blessed One there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.218] ဘန္တေ စတုတ္ထံ ဗဟုကာရသုတ္တံ ‘‘တယော မေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ ပုဂ္ဂလဿ ဗဟုကာရာ. ကတမေ တယော, ယံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလံ အာဂမ္မ ပုဂ္ဂလော ဗုဒ္ဓံ သရဏံ ဂတော ဟောတိ, ဓမ္မံ သရဏံ ဂတော ဟောတိ, သံဃံ သရဏံ ဂတော ဟောတိ. အယံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော ဣမဿ ပုဂ္ဂလဿ ဗဟုကာရော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, there the fourth Bahukāra Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One as follows: “Monks, these three persons are of great help to a person. What three? That person, monks, on account of whom another person has gone for refuge to the Buddha, has gone for refuge to the Dhamma, and has gone for refuge to the Saṅgha. This person, monks, is of great help to that person.”

ဇိဂုစ္ဆိတဗ္ဗသုတ္တ

The Jigucchitabba Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.220] ဘဂဝတာ ဇာနတာ ပဿတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ တိကနိပါတေ ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ သတ္တမံ ဇိဂုစ္ဆိတဗ္ဗသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Therefore, friend, how was the seventh Jigucchitabba Sutta in the Chapter on Persons of the Book of the Threes of the Numerical Discourses spoken by that Blessed One, who knows and sees, the Arahant, the Perfectly Enlightened One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သတ္တမံ ဘန္တေ ဇိဂုစ္ဆိတဗ္ဗသုတ္တံ ‘‘တယောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ တယော, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော ဇိဂုစ္ဆိတဗ္ဗော န သေဝိတဗ္ဗော န ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော န ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော အဇ္ဈုပေက္ခိတဗ္ဗော န သေဝိတဗ္ဗော န ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော န ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော သေဝိတဗ္ဗော ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the seventh Jigucchitabba Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One thus: ‘Monks, these three persons are found existing in the world. What three? There is, monks, a person to be shunned, not to be associated with, not to be cultivated, and not to be attended upon. There is, monks, a person to be regarded with equanimity, not to be associated with, not to be cultivated, and not to be attended upon. There is, monks, a person to be associated with, cultivated, and attended upon.’ Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စာဝုသော [Pg.221] တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဇိဂုစ္ဆိတဗ္ဗော ပုဂ္ဂလော နသေဝိတဗ္ဗော နဘဇိတဗ္ဗော န ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော ပကာသိတော.

Question: And how, friend, was the person to be shunned, not to be associated with, not to be cultivated, and not to be attended upon, declared there by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ‘‘ကတမော စ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော ဇိဂုစ္ဆိတဗ္ဗော န သေဝိတဗ္ဗော န ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော န ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော. ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ဒုဿီလော ဟောတိ ပါပဓမ္မော အသုစိသင်္ကဿရသမာစာရော ပဋိစ္ဆန္နကမ္မန္တော အဿမဏော သမဏပဋိညော အဗြဟ္မစာရီ ဗြဟ္မစာရိပဋိညော အန္တောပူတိ အဝဿုတော ကသမ္ဗုဇာတော, ဧဝရူပေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော ဇိဂုစ္ဆိတဗ္ဗော န သေဝိတဗ္ဗော န ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော န ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဇိဂုစ္ဆိတဗ္ဗော န သေဝိတဗ္ဗော န ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော န ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော ပုဂ္ဂလော ပကာသိတော.

Answer: Venerable sir, the person to be shunned, not to be associated with, not to be cultivated, and not to be attended upon, was declared by the Blessed One as follows: ‘And which, monks, is the person to be shunned, not to be associated with, not to be cultivated, and not to be attended upon? Here, monks, a certain person is unvirtuous, of evil nature, impure and of suspect conduct, secretive in his actions, not a recluse though claiming to be one, not celibate though claiming to be so, rotten within, full of lust, a rubbish-heap. Such a person, monks, is to be shunned, not to be associated with, not to be cultivated, and not to be attended upon.’

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထံ [Pg.223] ပနာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ အဇ္ဈုပေက္ခိတဗ္ဗော ပုဂ္ဂလော န သေဝိတဗ္ဗော န ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော န ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော ပကာသိတော.

Question: And how, friend, was the person to be regarded with equanimity, not to be associated with, not to be cultivated, and not to be attended upon, declared there by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကတမော စ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော အဇ္ဈုပေက္ခိတဗ္ဗော န သေဝိတဗ္ဗော န ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော န ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော ကောဓနော ဟောတိ ဥပါယာသဗဟုလော, အပ္ပမ္ပိ ဝုတ္တော သမာနော အဘိသဇ္ဇတိ ကုပ္ပတိ ဗျာပဇ္ဇတိ ပတိတ္ထီယတိ, ကောပဉ္စ ဒေါသဉ္စ အပ္ပစ္စယဉ္စ ပါတုကရောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ တတ္ထ အဇ္ဈုပေက္ခိတဗ္ဗော န သေဝိတဗ္ဗော န ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော န ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော ပုဂ္ဂလော ပကာသိတော.

Answer: Venerable sir, the person to be regarded with equanimity, not to be associated with, not to be cultivated, and not to be attended upon, was declared there by the Blessed One as follows: ‘And which, monks, is the person to be regarded with equanimity, not to be associated with, not to be cultivated, and not to be attended upon? Here, monks, a certain person is prone to anger and frequently vexed; even when spoken to a little, he becomes offended, hostile, and stubborn, and he displays anger, hatred, and displeasure.’

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထံ [Pg.224] ပနာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ သေဝိတဗ္ဗော ပုဂ္ဂလော ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော ပကာသိတော.

Question: And how, friend, was the person to be associated with, cultivated, and attended upon, declared there by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ‘‘ကတမော စ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော သေဝိတဗ္ဗော ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော သီလဝါ ဟောတိ ကလျာဏဓမ္မော, ဧဝရူပေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော သေဝိတဗ္ဗော ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော [Pg.225] ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ သေဝိတဗ္ဗော ပုဂ္ဂလော ဘဇိတဗ္ဗော ပယိရုပါသိတဗ္ဗော ပကာသိတော.

Answer: Venerable sir, the person to be associated with, cultivated, and attended upon, was declared there by the Blessed One as follows: ‘And which, monks, is the person to be associated with, cultivated, and attended upon? Here, monks, a certain person is virtuous, of a lovely nature. Such a person, monks, is to be associated with, cultivated, and attended upon.’

ဂူထဘာဏီသုတ္တ

The Gūthabhāṇī Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.226] အာဝုသော ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ အဋ္ဌမံ ဂူထဘာဏီသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: How, friend, was the eighth Gūthabhāṇī Sutta in the Chapter on Persons spoken there by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ အဋ္ဌမံ ဂူထဘာဏီသုတ္တံ ‘‘တယော မေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ တယော, ဂူထဘာဏီ ပုပ္ဖဘာဏီ မဓုဘာဏီ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the eighth Gūthabhāṇī Sutta in the Chapter on Persons was spoken there by the Blessed One thus: ‘Monks, these three persons are found existing in the world. What three? The filth-speaker, the flower-speaker, and the honey-speaker.’

ဂူထဘာဏီပုဂ္ဂလ

The Filth-Speaking Person

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စာဝုသော [Pg.227] တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဂူထဘာဏီပုဂ္ဂလော ပကာသိတော.

Question: And how, friend, was the filth-speaking person declared there by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကတမော စ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော ဂူထဘာဏီ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော သဘဂ္ဂတော ဝါ ပရိသဂ္ဂတော ဝါ ဉာတိမဇ္ဈဂတောဝါ ပူဂမဇ္ဈဂတောဝါ ရာဇကုလမဇ္ဈဂတောဝါ အဘိနီတော သက္ခိပုဋ္ဌော ‘‘ဧဟမ္ဘော ပုရိသ ယံ ဇာနာသိ, တံ ဝဒေဟီ’’တိ. သော အဇာနံ ဝါ အာဟ ‘‘ဇာနာမီ’’တိ, ဇာနံ ဝါ အာဟ ‘‘န ဇာနာမီ’’တိ, အပဿံ ဝါ အာဟ ‘‘ပဿာမီ’’တိ, ပဿံ ဝါ အာဟ ‘‘န ပဿာမီ’’တိ. ဣတိ အတ္တဟေတု ဝါ ပရဟေတု ဝါ အာမိသကိဉ္စိက္ခဟေတု ဝါ သမ္ပဇာနမုသာ ဘာသိတာ ဟောတိ. အယံ ဝုစ္စတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော ဂူထဘာဏီတိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဂူထဘာဏီပုဂ္ဂလော ပကာသိတော.

The Reply: “Venerable sir, the filth-speaking person was declared by the Blessed One thus: ‘And which, monks, is the filth-speaking person? Here, monks, a certain person, when in an assembly, a gathering, among relatives, a guild, or in the royal court, is brought forward and questioned as a witness: “Come now, good man, tell what you know.” Not knowing, he says, “I know.” Knowing, he says, “I do not know.” Not seeing, he says, “I see.” Seeing, he says, “I do not see.” Thus, for his own sake, for another’s sake, or for some trifling material gain, he knowingly speaks falsehood. This, monks, is called the filth-speaking person.’ Thus, venerable sir, the filth-speaking person was declared there by the Blessed One.”

ပုပ္ဖဘာဏီပုဂ္ဂလ

The Flower-Speaking Person

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထံ [Pg.228] ပနာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ပုပ္ဖဘာဏီပုဂ္ဂလော ပကာသိတော.

The Question: “And how, friend, was the flower-speaking person declared by the Blessed One?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကတမော စ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော ပုပ္ဖဘာဏီ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော သဘဂ္ဂတော ဝါ ပရိသဂ္ဂတော ဝါ ဉာတိမဇ္ဈဂတော ဝါ ပူဂမဇ္ဈဂတောဝါ ရာဇကုလမဇ္ဈဂတော ဝါ အဘိနီတော သက္ခိပုဋ္ဌော ‘‘ဧဟမ္ဘော ပုရိသ ယံ ပဇာနာသိ, တံ ဝဒေဟီ’’တိ. သော အဇာနံ ဝါ အာဟ ‘‘န ဇာနာမီ’’တိ, ဇာနံ ဝါ အာဟ ‘‘ဇာနာမီ’’တိ, အပဿံ ဝါ အာဟ ‘‘န ပဿာမီ’’တိ, ပဿံ ဝါ အာဟ ‘‘ပဿာမီ’’တိ, ဣတိ အတ္တဟေတု ဝါ ပရဟေတု ဝါ အာမိသကိဉ္စိက္ခဟေတု ဝါ န သမ္ပဇာနမုသာ ဘာသိတာ ဟောတိ, အယံ ဝုစ္စတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော ပုပ္ဖဘာဏီတိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ပုပ္ဖဘာဏီပုဂ္ဂလော ပကာသိတော.

The Reply: “Venerable sir, the flower-speaking person was declared by the Blessed One thus: ‘And which, monks, is the flower-speaking person? Here, monks, a certain person, when in an assembly, a gathering, among relatives, a guild, or in the royal court, is brought forward and questioned as a witness: “Come now, good man, tell what you know.” Not knowing, he says, “I do not know.” Knowing, he says, “I know.” Not seeing, he says, “I do not see.” Seeing, he says, “I see.” Thus, not for his own sake, not for another’s sake, nor for some trifling material gain, does he knowingly speak falsehood. This, monks, is called the flower-speaking person.’ Thus, venerable sir, the flower-speaking person was declared there by the Blessed One.”

မဓုဘာဏီပုဂ္ဂလ

The Honey-Speaking Person

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထံ [Pg.229] ပနာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ မဓုဘာဏီ ပုဂ္ဂလော ပကာသိတော.

The Question: “But how, friend, was the honey-speaking person declared there by the Blessed One?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကတမော စ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော မဓုဘာဏီ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော ဖရုသံ ဝါစံ ပဟာယ ဖရုသာယ ဝါစာယ ပဋိဝိရတော

The Reply: “And which, monks, is the honey-speaking person? Here, monks, a certain person, having abandoned harsh speech, abstains from harsh speech.

ဟောတီတိ [Pg.230] ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ တတ္ထ မဓုဘာဏီ ပုဂ္ဂလော ပကာသိတော.

‘…he is.’ In this way, and so forth, venerable sir, the honey-speaking person was declared there by the Blessed One.”

အန္ဓသုတ္တ

The Andhasutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.231] အာဝုသော ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ နဝမံ အန္ဓသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question: “In that same section, friend, in the Chapter on Individuals, how was the ninth discourse, the Andhasutta, spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ နဝမံ အန္ဓသုတ္တံ ‘‘တယောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ တယော အန္ဓော ဧကစက္ခု ဒွိစက္ခူ’’တိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply: “In that same section, venerable sir, in the Chapter on Individuals, the ninth discourse, the Andhasutta, was spoken thus: ‘Monks, these three individuals exist and are found in the world. Which three? The blind, the one-eyed, and the two-eyed.’ Thus, venerable sir, it was spoken by the Blessed One.”

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကီဒိသော အာဝုသော ပုဂ္ဂလော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ အန္ဓော အက္ခာတော.

The Question: “What sort of individual, friend, was declared there by the Blessed One to be blind?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ယဿ ဘန္တေ ဘောဂေသု စေဝ ဓမ္မေသု စ ပညာစက္ခု နတ္ထိ, ဧဒိသော ဘန္တေ ပုဂ္ဂလော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ အန္ဓော အက္ခာတော.

The Reply: “Venerable sir, one who has no eye of wisdom regarding both wealth and the Dhamma—such an individual, venerable sir, was declared there by the Blessed One to be blind.”

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကီဒိသော [Pg.232] ပန အာဝုသော ပုဂ္ဂလော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဧကစက္ခု အက္ခာတော.

The Question: “But what sort of individual, friend, was declared there by the Blessed One to be one-eyed?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ယဿ ဘန္တေ ဘောဂေသုယေဝ ပညာစက္ခု အတ္ထိ န ဓမ္မေသု. ဤဒိသော ဘန္တေ ပုဂ္ဂလော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဧကစက္ခု အက္ခာတော.

The Reply: “Venerable sir, one who has the eye of wisdom only regarding wealth, and not regarding the Dhamma—such an individual, venerable sir, was declared there by the Blessed One to be one-eyed.”

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကီဒိသော [Pg.233] ပန အာဝုသော ပုဂ္ဂလော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဒွိစက္ခု အက္ခာတော.

The Question: “But what sort of individual, friend, was declared there by the Blessed One to be two-eyed?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ယဿ ဘန္တေ ဘောဂေသု စေဝ ဓမ္မေသု စ ပညာစက္ခု အတ္ထိ, ဤဒိသော ဘန္တေ ပုဂ္ဂလော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဒွိစက္ခု အက္ခာတော.

The Reply: “Venerable sir, one who has the eye of wisdom regarding both wealth and the Dhamma—such an individual, venerable sir, was declared there by the Blessed One to be two-eyed.”

အဝကုဇ္ဇသုတ္တ

The Avakujjasutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.234] ဘဂဝတာ ဇာနတာ ပဿတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ တိကနိပါတေ ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ ဒသမံ အဝကုဇ္ဇသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question: “Friend, how was the tenth discourse, the Avakujjasutta, spoken by that Blessed One—the Knower, the Seer… the Perfectly Enlightened One—in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, the Book of the Threes, the Chapter on Individuals?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဒသမံ ဘန္တေ အဝကုဇ္ဇသုတ္တံ ‘‘တယော မေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ တယော, အဝကုဇ္ဇပညော ပုဂ္ဂလော ဥစ္ဆင်္ဂပညော ပုဂ္ဂလော ပုထုပညော ပုဂ္ဂလော. ကတမော စ ဘိက္ခဝေ အဝကုဇ္ဇပညော ပုဂ္ဂလော. ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော အာရာမံ ဂန္တာ ဟောတိ အဘိက္ခဏံ ဘိက္ခူနံ သန္တိကေ ဓမ္မဿဝနာယ, တဿ ဘိက္ခူ ဓမ္မံ ဒေသေန္တိအာဒိကလျာဏံ မဇ္ဈေကလျာဏံ ပရိယောသာနကလျာဏံ သာတ္ထံ သဗျဉ္ဇနံ ကေဝလပရိပုဏ္ဏံ ပရိသုဒ္ဓံ [Pg.235] ဗြဟ္မစရိယံ ပကာသေန္တိ. သော တသ္မိံ အာသနေ နိသိန္နော တဿာ ကထာယ နေဝါဒိံ မနသိကရောတိ, န မဇ္ဈံ မနသိကရောတိ, န ပရိယောသာနံ မနသိကရောတိ, ဝုဋ္ဌိတောပိ တမှာ အာသနာ တဿာ ကထာယ နေဝါဒိံ မနသိကရောတိ, န မဇ္ဈံ မနသိကရောတိ, န ပရိယောသာနံ မနသိကရောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply: “The tenth discourse, the Avakujjasutta, was spoken thus: ‘Monks, these three individuals exist and are found in the world. Which three? The individual with overturned wisdom, the individual with lap-wisdom, and the individual with broad wisdom. And which, monks, is the individual with overturned wisdom? Here, monks, a certain individual frequently goes to a monastery to listen to the Dhamma in the presence of the monks. The monks teach him the Dhamma that is good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, with its meaning and phrasing; they reveal the spiritual life, utterly complete and pure. But while sitting on that seat, he does not attend to the beginning of that talk, nor to the middle, nor to the end. And even after rising from that seat, he does not attend to the beginning of that talk, nor to the middle, nor to the end.’ In this way, and so forth, it was spoken by the Blessed One.”

ဒေဝဒူတဝဂ္ဂ, သဗြဟ္မကသုတ္တ

The Chapter on the Divine Messengers, The Sabrahmakasutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဒေဝဒူတဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.239] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ သဗြဟ္မကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question: “But friend, in the Chapter on the Divine Messengers, how was the first discourse, the Sabrahmakasutta, spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဒေဝဒူတဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ သဗြဟ္မကသုတ္တံ ‘‘သဗြဟ္မကာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ တာနိ ကုလာနိ, ယေသံ ပုတ္တာနံ မာတာပိတရော အဇ္ဈာဂါရေ ပူဇိတာ ဟောန္တိ. သပုဗ္ဗစရိယကာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ တာနိ ကုလာနိ, ယေသံ ပုတ္တာနံ မာတာပိတရော အဇ္ဈာဂါရေ ပူဇိတာ ဟောန္တိ. အာဟုနေယျာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ တာနိ ကုလာနိ, ယေသံ ပုတ္တာနံ မာတာပိတရော အဇ္ဈာဂါရေ ပူဇိတာ ဟောန္တိ. ဗြဟ္မာတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ မာတာပိတူနံ ဧတံ အဓိဝစနံ. ပုဗ္ဗာစရိယာတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ မာတာပိတူနံ ဧတံ အဓိဝစနံ. အာဟုနေယျာတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧတံ မာတာပိတူနံ အဓိဝစနံ. တံ ကိဿ ဟေတု, ဗဟုကာရာ ဘိက္ခဝေ မာတာပိတရော ပုတ္တာနံ အာပါဒကာ ပေါသကာ ဣမဿ လောကဿ ဒဿေတာရော’’တိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply: “Venerable sir, in the Chapter on the Divine Messengers, the first discourse, the Sabrahmakasutta, was spoken thus: ‘Monks, those families are with Brahmā in which the parents are honored in the home by their children. Monks, those families are with the first teachers in which the parents are honored in the home by their children. Monks, those families are worthy of offerings in which the parents are honored in the home by their children. “Brahmā,” monks, is a designation for mother and father. “First teachers,” monks, is a designation for mother and father. “Worthy of offerings,” monks, is a designation for mother and father. For what reason? Because, monks, parents are of great help to their children: they are their producers, their nurturers, and they show them this world.’ Thus, venerable sir, it was spoken by the Blessed One.”

ဗြဟ္မာတိ [Pg.241] မာတာပိတရော, ပုဗ္ဗာစရိယာတိ ဝုစ္စရေ;

အာဟုနေယျာ စ ပုတ္တာနံ, ပဇာယ အနုကမ္ပကာ;

တသ္မာ ဟိ နေ နမဿေယျ, သက္ကရေယျ စ ပဏ္ဍိတော;

အန္နေန အထ ပါနေန, ဝတ္ထေန သယနေန စ;

ဥစ္ဆာဒနေန နှာပနေန, ပါဒါနံ ဓောဝနေန စ;

တာယ နံ ပါရိစရိယာယ, မာတာပိတူသု ပဏ္ဍိတာ.

“‘Mother and father are called “Brahmā,” and are said to be “first teachers”; worthy of offerings from their children, they are compassionate to their offspring. Therefore, a wise person should pay homage to them and honor them with food and then drink, with clothing and a resting place, with anointing, bathing, and with washing of the feet. For that service to mother and father, the wise…

ဣဓေဝ နံ ပသံသန္တိ, ပေစ္စ သဂ္ဂေ ပမောဒတီတိ –

…praise him right here in this world, and after death, he rejoices in heaven.’”

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ ဟတ္ထကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question: “Friend, how was the fifth discourse, the Hatthakasutta, spoken by the Blessed One there?”

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ပဉ္စမံ ဘန္တေ ဟတ္ထကသုတ္တံ အာဠဝိယံ ဟတ္ထကံ အာဠဝကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ဟတ္ထကော ဘန္တေ အာဠဝကော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘ကစ္စိ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝါ သုခမသယိတ္ထာ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ဧဝံ ကုမာရ သုခမသယိတ္ထ ယေ စ ပန လောကေ သုခံ သေန္တိ, အဟံ တေသံ အညတရော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply: “Venerable sir, the fifth discourse, the Hatthakasutta, was spoken concerning Hatthaka of Āḷavī. Venerable sir, Hatthaka of Āḷavī said this to the Blessed One: ‘I hope, venerable sir, that the Blessed One slept well?’ On that occasion, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus, and so forth: ‘Yes, young man, I slept well. I am one of those who sleep well in the world.’”

‘‘ကစ္စိ [Pg.242] ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝါ သုခမသယိတ္ထ’’.

“I hope, venerable sir, that the Blessed One slept well?”

‘‘ဧဝံ ကုမာရ သုခမသယိတ္ထ, ယေ စ ပန လောကေ သုခံ သေန္တိ, အဟံ တေသံ အညတရော’’.

“Yes, young man, I slept well. I am one of those who sleep well in the world.”

‘‘ဧဝံ [Pg.244] ကုမာရ သုခမသယိတ္ထ, ယေ စ ပန လောကေ သုခံ သေန္တိ, အဟံ တေသံ အညတရော’’.

“Yes, young man, I slept well. I am one of those who sleep well in the world.”

‘‘သဗ္ဗဒါ [Pg.247] ဝေ သုခံ သေတိ,ဗြာဟ္မဏော ပရိနိဗ္ဗုတော;

ယော န လိမ္ပတိ ကာမေသု,သီတိဘူတော နိရူပဓိ;

“Always indeed happily sleeps the brahmin, fully extinguished, who is not stained by sensual pleasures, cooled, without attachments.”

သဗ္ဗာ အာသတ္တိယော ဆေတွာ,ဝိနေယျ ဟဒယေ ဒရံ;

ဥပသန္တော သုခံ သေတိ;

သန္တိံ ပပ္ပုယျ စေတသော’’ ဟု –

“Having cut off all attachments, having dispelled distress in the heart, tranquil, one sleeps happily, having attained peace of mind.”

ဒေဝဒူတသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Divine Messengers

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ တိကနိပါတေ ဒေဝဒူတဝဂ္ဂေ ဆဋ္ဌံ ဒေဝဒူတသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, how was the sixth Devadūta Sutta in the Devadūtavagga of the Tikanipāta in the Aṅguttara Nikāya spoken by the Blessed One… the Perfectly Enlightened One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဆဋ္ဌံ [Pg.248] ဘန္တေ ဒေဝဒူတသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဏိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒေဝဒူတာနိ. ကတမာနိ တီဏိ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ကာယေန ဒုစ္စရိတံ စရတိ, ဝါစာယ ဒုစ္စရိတံ စရတိ, မနသာ ဒုစ္စရိတံ စရတိ. သော ကာယေန ဒုစ္စရိတံ စရိတွာ ဝါစာယ ဒုစ္စရိတံ စရိတွာ မနသာ ဒုစ္စရိတံ စရိတွာ ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံ မရဏာ အပါယံ ဒုဂ္ဂတိံ ဝိနိပါတံ နိရယံ ဥပပဇ္ဇတိ. တမေနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ နိရယပါလာ နာနာဗာဟာသု ဂဟေတွာ ယမဿ ရညော ဒဿေန္တိ-အယံ ဒေဝ ပုရိသော အမတ္တေယျော အပေတ္တေယျော အသာမညော အဗြဟ္မညော, န ကုလေ ဇေဋ္ဌပစာယီ, ဣမဿ ဒေဝေါ ဒဏ္ဍံ ပဏေတူ’’တိ. ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the sixth Devadūta Sutta was spoken thus: “Monks, there are these three divine messengers. What three? Here, monks, someone engages in misconduct by body, misconduct by speech, and misconduct by mind. Having engaged in misconduct by body, speech, and mind, with the breakup of the body, after death, he is reborn in a state of deprivation, a bad destination, a lower realm, in hell. Then, monks, the hell-wardens seize him by his various arms and present him to King Yama, saying: ‘Your Majesty, this person was not dutiful to his mother, not dutiful to his father, not dutiful to ascetics, not dutiful to brahmins, and did not honor the elders of his family. May Your Majesty inflict a punishment upon him.’ Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.”

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စာဝုသော [Pg.251] တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ယမဿ ရညော ပဌမဒေဝဒူတ သမနုယုဉ္ဇနာ ပကာသိတာ.

Question: And how, friend, did the Blessed One there describe King Yama’s questioning concerning the first divine messenger?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တမေနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ယမော ရာဇာ ပဌမံ ဒေဝဒူတံ သမနုယုဉ္ဇတိ သမနုဂါဟတိ သမနုဘာသတိ ‘‘အမ္ဘော ပုရိသ န တွံ အဒ္ဒသ မနုဿေသု ပဌမံ ဒေဝဒူတံ ပါတုဘူတ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ယမဿ ရညော ပဌမဒေဝဒူတသမနုယုဉ္ဇနာ ပကာသိတာ.

Answer: “Then, monks, King Yama questions, investigates, and cross-examines him concerning the first divine messenger: ‘Good man, did you not see the first divine messenger manifest among human beings?’ In this way, venerable sir, the Blessed One there described King Yama’s questioning concerning the first divine messenger.”

‘‘အမ္ဘော ပုရိသ န တွံ အဒ္ဒသ မနုဿေသု ပဌမံ ဒေဝဒူတံ ပါတုဘူတံ’’.

“‘Good man, did you not see the first divine messenger manifest among human beings?’”

ဒုတိယ ဒေဝဒူတ

The Second Divine Messenger

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထံ [Pg.252] ပနာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ယမဿ ရညော ဒုတိယဒေဝဒူတ သမနုယုဉ္ဇနာ ပကာသိတာ.

Question: And how, friend, did the Blessed One there describe King Yama’s questioning concerning the second divine messenger?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တမေနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ယမော ရာဇာ ပဌမံ ဒေဝဒူတံ သမနုယုဉ္ဇိတွာ သမနုဂါဟိတွာ သမနုဘာသိတွာ ဒုတိယံ ဒေဝဒူတံ သမနုယုဉ္ဇတိ သမနုဂါဟတိ သမနုဘာသတိ ‘‘အမ္ဘော ပုရိသ န တွံ အဒ္ဒသ မနုဿေသု ဒုတိယံ ဒေဝဒူတံ ပါတုဘူတ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ယမဿ ရညော ဒုတိယာ ဒေဝဒူတသမနုယုဉ္ဇနာ ပကာသိတာ.

Answer: “Then, monks, King Yama, having questioned, investigated, and cross-examined him concerning the first divine messenger, questions, investigates, and cross-examines him concerning the second divine messenger: ‘Good man, did you not see the second divine messenger manifest among human beings?’ In this way, venerable sir, the Blessed One there described King Yama’s questioning concerning the second divine messenger.”

‘‘အမ္ဘော [Pg.255] ပုရိသ န တွံ အဒ္ဒသ မနုဿေသု ဒုတိယ ဒေဝဒူတံ ပါတုဘူတံ’’.

“‘Good man, did you not see the second divine messenger manifest among human beings?’”

‘‘အမ္ဘော ပုရိသ န တွံ အဒ္ဒသ မနုဿေသု ဣတ္ထီံ ဝါ ပုရိသံ ဝါ အာဗာဓိကံ ဒုက္ခိတံ ဗာဠှဂိလာနံ သကေ မုတ္တကရီသေ ပလိပန္နံ သေမာနံ အညေဟိ ဝုဋ္ဌာပိယမာနံ အညေဟိ သံဝေသိယမာနံ’’ –

“‘Good man, did you not see among human beings a woman or a man who was sick, afflicted, gravely ill, lying fallen in their own urine and excrement, being lifted up by others and put to bed by others?’”

တတိယ ဒေဝဒူတ

The Third Divine Messenger

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထံ [Pg.256] ပနာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ယမဿ ရညော တတိယဒေဝဒူတ သမနုယုဉ္ဇနာ ပကာသိတာ.

Question: And how, friend, did the Blessed One there describe King Yama’s questioning concerning the third divine messenger?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တမေနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ယမော ရာဇာ ဒုတိယံ ဒေဝဒူတံ သမနုယုဉ္ဇိတွာ သမနုဂါဟိတွာ သမနုဘာသိတွာ တတိယံ ဒေဝဒူတံ သမနုယုဉ္ဇတိ သမနုဂါဟတိ သမနုဘာသတိ ‘‘အမ္ဘော ပုရိသ နတွံ မနုဿေသု တတိယံ ဒေဝဒူတံ ပါတုဘူတန္တိ’’ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ယမဿ ရညော တတိယာ ဒေဝဒူတသမနုယုဉ္ဇနာ ပကာသိတာ.

Answer: “Then, monks, King Yama, having questioned, investigated, and cross-examined him concerning the second divine messenger, questions, investigates, and cross-examines him concerning the third divine messenger: ‘Good man, did you not see the third divine messenger manifest among human beings?’ In this way, venerable sir, the Blessed One there described King Yama’s questioning concerning the third divine messenger.”

‘‘အမ္ဘော ပုရိသ န တွံ အဒ္ဒသ မနုဿေသု တတိယံ ဒေဝဒူတံ ပါတုဘူတံ’’.

“‘Good man, did you not see the third divine messenger manifest among human beings?’”

‘‘အမ္ဘော [Pg.257] ပုရိသ န တွံ အဒ္ဒသ မနုဿေသု ဣတ္ထိံ ဝါ ပုရိသံ ဝါ ဧကာဟမတံ ဝါ ဒွီဟမတံ ဝါ တီဟမတံ ဝါ ဥဒ္ဓုမာတကံ ဝိနီလကံ ဝိပုဗ္ဗကဇာတံ’’ –

“‘Good man, did you not see among human beings a woman or a man who had been dead for one, two, or three days, bloated, livid, and festering?’”

‘‘နာသက္ခိဿံ ဘန္တေ ပမာဒဿံ ဘန္တေ’’ –

“‘I was not able, venerable sir; I was negligent, venerable sir.’”

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထံ [Pg.258] ပနာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ နေရယိကဿ သတ္တဿ နိရယ ဒုက္ခပဋိသံဝေဒနာ ပကာသိတာ.

Question: And how, friend, did the Blessed One there describe the hell-being’s experience of suffering in hell?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တမေနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ‘‘ယမော ရာဇာ တတိယံ ဒေဝဒူတံ သမနုယုဉ္ဇိတွာ သမနုဂါဟိတွာ သမနုဘာသိတွာ တုဏှီ ဟောတိ. တမေနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ နိရယပါလာ ပဉ္စဝိဓဗန္ဓနံ နာမ ကာရဏံ ကရောန္တိ, တတ္တံ အယောခိလံ ဟတ္ထေ ဂမေန္တိ, တတ္တံ အယောခိလံ ဒုတိယသ္မိံ ဟတ္ထေ ဂမေန္တိ, တတ္တံ အယောခိလံ ပါဒေ ဂမေန္တိ, တတ္တံ အယောခိလံ ဒုတိယသ္မိံ ပါဒေ ဂမေန္တိ, တတ္တံ အယောခိလံ မဇ္ဈေဥရသ္မိံ ဂမေန္တိ. သော တတ္ထ ဒုက္ခာ တိဗ္ဗာ ခရာ ကဋုကာ ဝေဒနာ ဝေဒယတိ, န စ တာဝ ကာလံ ကရောတိ, ယာဝ န တံ ပါပကမ္မံ ဗျန္တီဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ နေရယိကဿ နိရယဒုက္ခပဋိသံဝေဒနာ ပကာသိတာ.

Answer: “Then, monks, King Yama, having questioned, investigated, and cross-examined him concerning the third divine messenger, becomes silent. Then, monks, the hell-wardens inflict upon him the punishment called the fivefold binding. They drive a red-hot iron stake through one hand, they drive a red-hot iron stake through the other hand, they drive a red-hot iron stake through one foot, they drive a red-hot iron stake through the other foot, and they drive a red-hot iron stake through the middle of his chest. There he feels painful, sharp, harsh, bitter feelings, but he does not die so long as that evil kamma is not exhausted. In this way, venerable sir, the Blessed One there described the hell-being’s experience of suffering in hell.”

သံဝေဇနီယကထာ

A Talk Inspiring a Sense of Urgency

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထံ [Pg.261] ပနာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ သံဝေဇနီယကထာ ကထိတာ.

Question: But how, friend, was the talk inspiring a sense of urgency spoken there by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဘူတပုဗ္ဗံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ယမဿ ရညော ဧတဒဟောသိ ‘‘ယေ ကိရ ဘော လောကေ ပါပကာနိ ကမ္မာနိ ကရောန္တိ, တေ ဧဝရူပါ ဝိဝိဓာ ကမ္မကရဏာ ကရီယန္တိ, အဟောဝတာဟံ မနုဿတ္တံ လဘေယျံ, တထာဂတော စ လောကေ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇေယျ အရဟံ သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေါ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ သံဝေဇနီယကထာ ကထိတာ.

Answer: “Once in the past, monks, it occurred to King Yama: ‘Indeed, those in the world who do evil deeds are subjected to such various punishments. Oh, that I might attain the human state, and that a Tathāgata, an Arahant, a Perfectly Enlightened One, might arise in the world!’ In this way, venerable sir, the Blessed One there spoke the talk inspiring a sense of urgency.”

‘‘ယေ [Pg.262] ကိရ ဘော လောကေ ပါပကာနိ ကမ္မာနိ ကရောန္တိ’’.

“‘Indeed, those in the world who do evil deeds…’”

‘‘စောဒိတာ [Pg.263] ဒေဝဒူတေဟိ, ယေ ပမဇ္ဇန္တိ မာဏဝါ;

တေ ဒီဃရတ္တံ သောစန္တိ, ဟီနကာယူပဂါ နရာ.

“Admonished by the divine messengers, those people who are heedless grieve for a long time, humans who go to a lower state.

ယေ စ ခေါ ဒေဝဒူတေဟိ, သန္တော သပ္ပုရိသာ ဣဓ;

စောဒိတာ န ပမဇ္ဇန္တိ, အရိယဓမ္မေ ကုဒါစနံ.

But those good and true persons here, when admonished by the divine messengers, are never heedless in regard to the Noble Dhamma.

ဥပါဒါနေ ဘယံ ဒိသွာ, ဇာတိမရဏသမ္ဘဝေ;

အနုပါဒါ ဝိမုစ္စန္တိ, ဇာတိမရဏသင်္ခယေ.

Seeing the danger in clinging, the source of birth and death, they are liberated through non-clinging, in the destruction of birth and death.

တေ အပ္ပမတ္တာ သုခိနော, ဒိဋ္ဌဓမ္မာဘိနိဗ္ဗုတာ;

သဗ္ဗဝေရဘယာတီတာ, သဗ္ဗဒုက္ခံ ဥပစ္စဂုံ’’ ဟု –

Heedful and happy, they are extinguished in this very life; having passed beyond all enmity and fear, they have overcome all suffering.”

စတုမဟာရာဇသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Four Great Kings

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ တိကနိပါတေ ဒေဝဒူတဝဂ္ဂေ အဋ္ဌမံ စတုမဟာရာဇသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: "Friend, how was the Catumahārājasutta—the eighth discourse in the Chapter on the Divine Messengers, in the Book of the Threes of the Aṅguttara Nikāya—spoken by the Blessed One, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အဋ္ဌမံ ဘန္တေ စတုမဟာရာဇသုတ္တံ ‘‘အဋ္ဌမိယံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပက္ခဿ စတုန္နံ မဟာရာဇာနံ အမစ္စာ ပါရိသဇ္ဇာ ဣမံ လောကံ အနုဝိစရန္တိ ကစ္စိ ဗဟူ မနုဿာ မနုဿေသု မတ္တေယျာ ပေတ္တေယျာ သာမညာ ဗြဟ္မညာ ကုလေ ဇေဋ္ဌပစာယိနော, ဥပေါသထံ ဥပဝသန္တိ ပဋိဇာဂရောန္တိ, ပုညာနိ ကရောန္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: "The eighth, venerable sir, the Catumahārājasutta, was spoken by the Blessed One thus: 'On the eighth day of the fortnight, monks, the ministers and councilors of the Four Great Kings wander about this world to see whether many people among humankind are respectful to their mothers, fathers, ascetics, and brahmins, honor the elders of the family, observe the Uposatha, keep vigil, and perform meritorious deeds.'"

အပ္ပကာ [Pg.265] ခေါ မာရိသာ မနုဿာ မနုဿေသု မတ္တေယျာ ပေတ္တေယျာ သာမညာ ဗြဟ္မညာ ကုလေ ဇေဋ္ဌပစာယိနော, ဥပေါသထံ ဥပဝသန္တိ ပဋိဇာဂရောန္တိ, ပုညာနိ ကရောန္တိ.

"Few indeed, sirs, are the people among humankind who are respectful to their mothers, fathers, ascetics, and brahmins, who honor the elders in their family, who observe the Uposatha, who keep vigil, and who perform meritorious deeds."

‘‘ဒိဗ္ဗာ [Pg.266] ဝတ ဘော ကာယာ ပရိဟာယိဿန္တိ, ပရိပူရိဿန္တိ အသုရ ကာယာ’’ –

"'Alas, divine hosts will decline, and asura hosts will become full!'"

ဗဟူ ခေါ မာရိသာ မနုဿာ မနုဿေသု မတ္တေယျာ ပေတ္တေယျာ သာမညာ ဗြဟ္မညာ ကုလေ ဇေဋ္ဌပစာယိနော, ဥပေါသထံ ဥပဝသန္တိ ပဋိဇာဂရောန္တိ, ပုညာနိ ကရောန္တိ.

"But many, sirs, among human beings are those who are respectful to their mothers, fathers, ascetics, and brahmins, who honor the elders of the family, who observe the Uposatha, who keep vigil, and who perform meritorious deeds."

‘‘ဒိဗ္ဗာ [Pg.267] ဝတ ဘော ကာယာ ပရိပူရိဿန္တိ, ပရိဟာယိဿန္တိ အသုရ ကာယာ’’ –

"'Indeed, the divine hosts will be fulfilled, and the asura hosts will decline!'"

အာဓိပတေယျာသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Dominance

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ အာဝုသော ဒသမံ အာဓိပတေယျသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: "Friend, how was the tenth Discourse on Dominance spoken by the Blessed One there?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဒသမံ အာဓိပတေယျသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဏိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ အာဓိပတေယျာနိ. ကတမာနိ တီဏိ, အတ္တာဓိပတေယျံ လောကာဓိပတေယျံ ဓမ္မာဓိပတေယျံ. ကတမဉ္စ ဘိက္ခဝေ အတ္တာဓိပတေယျံ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု အရညဂတော ဝါ ရုက္ခမူလဂတော ဝါ သုညာဂါရဂတော ဝါ ဣတိ ပဋိသဉ္စိက္ခတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the tenth is the Discourse on Dominance: "Monks, there are these three lordships. Which three? Lordship over self, lordship over the world, and lordship over the Dhamma. And what, monks, is lordship over self? Here, monks, a monk gone to the forest, to the root of a tree, or to an empty dwelling reflects thus..." Thus was spoken by the Blessed One.

ဗြာဟ္မဏဝဂ္ဂ, ပရိဗ္ဗာဇကသုတ္တ

The Chapter on Brahmins, The Discourse on the Wanderer

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဗြာဟ္မဏဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.272] အာဝုသော စတုတ္ထံ ပရိဗ္ဗာဇကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: "Friend, concerning whom, on what subject, and in what manner was the fourth Discourse on the Wanderer spoken by the Blessed One in the Chapter on Brahmins?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဗြာဟ္မဏဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ စတုတ္ထံ ပရိဗ္ဗာဇကသုတ္တံ အညတရံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ ပရိဗ္ဗာဇကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. အညတရော ဘန္တေ ဗြာဟ္မဏပရိဗ္ဗာဇကော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘သန္နိဋ္ဌိကော ဓမ္မော သန္ဒိဋ္ဌိကော ဓမ္မောတိ ဘော ဂေါတမ ဝုစ္စတိ, ကိတ္တာဝတာနု ခေါ ဘော ဂေါတမ သန္ဒိဋ္ဌိကော ဓမ္မော ဟောတိ အကာလိကော ဧဟိပဿိကော ဩပနေယျိကော ပစ္စတ္တံ ဝေဒိတဗ္ဗော ဝိညူဟီ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ရတ္တော ခေါ ဗြာဟ္မဏ ရာဂေန အဘိဘူတော ပရိယာဒိန္နစိတ္တော အတ္တဗျာဗာဓာယပိ စေတေတိ, ပရဗျာဗာဓာယပိ စေတေတိ, ဥဘယ ဗျာဗာဓာယပိ စေတေတိ, စေတသိကမ္ပိ ဒုက္ခံ ဒေါမနဿံ ပဋိသံဝေဒေတိ, ရာဂေ ပဟီနေ နေဝတ္တဗျာဗာဓာယပိ စေတေတိ, နပရဗျာဗာဓာယပိ စေတေတိ, နဥဘယဗျာဗာဓာယပိ စေတေတိ, နစေတသိကံ ဒုက္ခံ ဒေါမနဿံ ပဋိသံဝေဒေတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: In the Chapter on Brahmins, venerable sir, the fourth is the Discourse on the Wanderer, spoken concerning a certain brahmin wanderer. A certain brahmin wanderer, venerable sir, said this to the Blessed One: "Master Gotama, it is said, ‘The Dhamma is immediate, the Dhamma is directly visible.’ To what extent, Master Gotama, is the Dhamma directly visible, timeless, inviting one to come and see, leading onward, to be personally experienced by the wise?" On that subject, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus: "A brahmin, when overcome and obsessed by lust, with his mind consumed, intends harm for himself, intends harm for others, intends harm for both, and experiences mental pain and displeasure. When lust is abandoned, he neither intends harm for himself, nor intends harm for others, nor intends harm for both, and does not experience mental pain and displeasure."

ဝစ္ဆဂေါတ္တသုတ္တ

The Vacchagotta Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.275] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ ဝစ္ဆဂေါတ္တသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: "Friend, there, concerning whom, on what subject, and in what manner was the seventh Vacchagotta Sutta spoken by the Blessed One?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သတ္တမံ ဘန္တေ ဝစ္ဆဂေါတ္တသုတ္တံ ဝစ္ဆဂေါတ္တံ ပရိဗ္ဗာဇကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ဝစ္ဆဂေါတ္တော ဘန္တေ ပရိဗ္ဗာဇကော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘သုတံ မေတံ ဘော ဂေါတမ သမဏော ဂေါတမော ဧဝမာဟ ‘‘မယှမေဝ ဒါနံ ဒါတဗ္ဗံ, နာညေသံ ဒါနံ ဒါတဗ္ဗ. (ပေယျာလ) အနဗ္ဘက္ခာ တုကာမာဟိ မယံ ဘဝန္တံ ဂေါတမ’’န္တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ယေ တေ ဝစ္ဆ ဧဝမာဟံသု သမဏော ဂေါတမော ဧဝမာဟ မယှမေဝ ဒါနံ ဒါတဗ္ဗံ, နာညေသံ ဒါတဗ္ဗ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, the seventh is the Vacchagotta Sutta, spoken concerning the wanderer Vacchagotta. The wanderer Vacchagotta, venerable sir, said this to the Blessed One: "Master Gotama, I have heard it said that the ascetic Gotama says, ‘Gifts should be given only to me, gifts should not be given to others.’ (Repetition) We do not wish to misrepresent the venerable Gotama." On that subject, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus: "Those, Vaccha, who say, ‘The ascetic Gotama says, "Gifts should be given only to me, gifts should not be given to others,"’..."

သင်္ဂါရဝသုတ္တ

The Saṅgārava Discourse

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.278] အာဝုသော ဒသမံ သင်္ဂါရဝသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: "Friend, concerning whom, on what topic, and in what context was the tenth Saṅgārava Discourse spoken by the Blessed One right there?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဒသမံ [Pg.279] ဘန္တေ သင်္ဂါရဝသုတ္တံ သင်္ဂါရဝံ ဗြာဟ္မဏံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. သင်္ဂါရဝေါ ဘန္တေ ဗြာဟ္မဏော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘မယမဿု ဘော ဂေါတမ ဗြာဟ္မဏာ နာမ ယညံ ယဇာမပိ ယဇာပေမပိ, တတြ ဘော ဂေါတမ ယော စေဝ ယဇတိ ယော စ ယဇာပေတိ, သဗ္ဗေ တေ အနေကသာရီရိကံ ပုညပ္ပဋိပဒံ ပဋိပန္နာ ဟောန္တိ, ယဒိဒံ ယညာဓိကရဏံ, ယောပနာယံ ဘော ဂေါတမ ယဿ ဝါ ကုလာ အဂါရသ္မာ အနဂါရိယံ ပဗ္ဗဇိတော ဧကမတ္တာနံ ဒမေတိ, ဧကမတ္တာနံ သမေတိ, ဧကမတ္တာနံ ပရိနိဗ္ဗာပေတိ, ဧဝမဿာယံ ဧကသာရီရိကံ ပုညပ္ပဋိပဒံ ပဋိပန္နော ဟောတိ, ယဒိဒံ ပဗ္ဗဇ္ဇာဓိကရဏ’’န္တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘တေနဟိ ဗြာဟ္မဏ တညေဝေတ္ထ ပဋိပုစ္ဆိဿာမိ, ယထာ တေ ခမေယျ, တထာ နံ ဗျာကရေယျာသီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Tenth, venerable sir, the Saṅgārava Sutta was spoken concerning the brahmin Saṅgārava. Saṅgārava the brahmin, venerable sir, said this to the Blessed One: "We, Master Gotama, are brahmins who perform sacrifices and have sacrifices performed. In this regard, Master Gotama, both the one who sacrifices and the one who has sacrifices performed—all of them undertake a path of merit productive of much merit, namely, the undertaking of sacrifices. But, Master Gotama, whoever from any family has gone forth from the household life into homelessness to tame just one person, to calm just one person, to extinguish just one person, thus he undertakes a path of merit productive of little merit, namely, the undertaking of going forth." On this matter, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus: "Well then, brahmin, I will question you on this very point. Answer as you see fit."

‘‘ဣစ္စာယပိ [Pg.282] ဘော ဂေါတမ ဧဝံ ဘန္တေ အနေကသာရီရိကာ ပုညပ္ပဋိပဒါ ဟောတိ’’ –

"Even so, Master Gotama, venerable sir, thus the path of merit is productive of much merit."

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ အာဝုသော ဒုတိယ အနုသန္ဓိမှိ ဘဂဝတာ ကီဒိသီ ဓမ္မဒေသနာ ဒေသိတာ.

Question: "Right there, friend, in the second instance, what kind of Dhamma teaching was taught by the Blessed One?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယေ အနုသန္ဓိမှိ တိဝိဓာ ပါဋိဟာရိယာ ပဋိသံယုတ္တာ ဓမ္မဒေသနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဒေသိတာ.

Answer: Right there, venerable sir, in the second instance, the Blessed One taught a Dhamma teaching connected with the threefold miracle.

‘‘သေယျထာပိ [Pg.283] ဘဝံ ဂေါတမော ဘဝဉ္စာနန္ဒော, ဧတေ မေ ပုဇ္ဇာ ဧတေ မေ ပါသံသာ’’ –

"Just as the venerable Gotama and the venerable Ananda, these are my venerated ones, these are my praised ones."

‘‘သေယျထာပိ ဘဝံ ဂေါတမော ဘဝဉ္စာနန္ဒော, ဧတေ မေ ပုဇ္ဇာ ဧတေ မေ ပါသံသာ’’ –

"Just as the venerable Gotama and the venerable Ananda, these are my venerated ones, these are my praised ones."

မဟာဝဂ္ဂ, ဝေနာဂပုရသုတ္တ

Mahāvagga, Venāgapura Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.287] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ တိကနိမာတေ မဟာဝဂ္ဂေ တတိယံ ဝေနာဂပုရသုတ္တံ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: "Friend, where, concerning whom, in what subject matter, and how was the third Venāgapura Sutta spoken by the Blessed One… by the Perfectly Enlightened One in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Tikanipāta, in the Mahāvagga?"

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကောသလေသု ဘန္တေ ဝေနာဂပုရေ နာမ ဗြာဟ္မဏာနံ ဂါမေ ဝေနာဂပုရိကံ ဝစ္ဆဂေါတ္တံ ဗြာဟ္မဏံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ဝေနာဂပုရိကော ဘန္တေ ဝစ္ဆဂေါတ္တော ဗြာဟ္မဏော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘အစ္ဆရိယံ ဘော ဂေါတမ, အဗ္ဘုတံ ဘော ဂေါတမ, ယာဝဉ္စိဒံ ဘောတော ဂေါတမဿ ဝိပ္ပသန္နာနိ ဣန္ဒြိယာနိ, ပရိသုဒ္ဓေါ ဆဝိဝဏ္ဏော ပရိယောဒါတော (ပေယျာလ) ဧဝရူပါနံ နူန ဘဝံ ဂေါတမော ဥစ္စာသယန မဟာသယနာနံ နိကာမလာဘီ အကိစ္ဆလာဘီ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ယာနိ ခေါ ပန တာနိ ဗြာဟ္မဏ ဥစ္စာသယန မဟာသယနာနိ. သေယျထိဒံ, အာသန္ဒိ ပလ္လင်္ကော ဂေါနကော စိတ္တကော [Pg.288] ပဋိကာ ပဋလိကာ တူလိကာ ဝိကတိကာ ဥဒ္ဒလောမီ ဧကန္တလောမီ ကဋ္ဋိဿံ ကောသေယျံ ကုဋ္ဋကံ ဟတ္ထတ္ထရံ အဿတ္ထရံ ရထတ္ထရံ အဇိနပ္ပဝေဏီ ကဒလိမိဂပဝရပစ္စတ္ထရဏံ သဥတ္တရစ္ဆဒံ ဥဘတောလောဟိတကူပဓာနံ. ဒုလ္လဘာနိ တာနိ ပဗ္ဗဇိတာနံ, လဒ္ဓါ စ ပန နကပ္ပန္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Answer: Venerable sir, in the Kosala country, in a brahmin village named Venāgapura, concerning the brahmin Vacchagotta of Venāgapura, this was spoken. Venerable sir, Vacchagotta the brahmin of Venāgapura said this to the Blessed One: “It is amazing, Master Gotama! It is astounding, Master Gotama! How clear are Master Gotama’s senses, how pure and bright the color of his skin, so radiant! Surely Master Gotama is one who obtains at will, without trouble, such high and luxurious couches.” On that matter, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus: “Those high and luxurious couches, brahmin, such as an armchair, a sofa, a woolen rug with long fleece, a variegated woolen rug, a white woolen rug, a woolen rug with figures of flowers, a mattress stuffed with cotton wool, a woolen rug with figures of lions and tigers, a woolen rug with hair on both sides, a woolen rug with hair on one side, a silk rug, a silk coverlet, a large woolen rug, an elephant covering, a horse covering, a chariot covering, an antelope-hide rug, a choice deer-hide rug, with a canopy, with red cushions at both ends—such things are difficult for renunciates to obtain, and when obtained, are not proper.”

‘‘အစ္ဆရိယံ ဘော ဂေါတမ အဗ္ဘုတံ ဘော ဂေါတမ’’.

It is amazing, Master Gotama! It is astounding, Master Gotama!

ဒိဗ္ဗ ဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယန

The Divine High and Luxurious Couch

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စာဝုသော [Pg.290] တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဒိဗ္ဗံ ဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယနံ ဒေသိတံ.

Question: And how, friend, did the Blessed One teach about the divine high and luxurious couch there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဣဓာဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ ယံ ဂါမံ ဝါ နိဂမံ ဝါ ဥပနိဿာယ ဝိဟရာမိ, သော ပုဗ္ဗဏှသမယံ နိဝါသေတွာ ပတ္တစီဝရမာဒါယ တမေဝ ဂါမံ ဝါ နိဂမံ ဝါ ပိဏ္ဍာယ ပဝိသာမိ, သော ပစ္ဆာဘတ္တံ ပိဏ္ဍပါတပဋိက္ကန္တော ဝနန္တညေဝ ပဝိသာမီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဒိဗ္ဗံ ဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယနံ ဒေသိတံ.

Reply: Here, brahmin, when I dwell dependent on a village or town, in the morning I dress, take my bowl and robe, and enter that very village or town for alms. After the meal, returning from the alms round, I enter the forest. In this way, venerable sir, the Blessed One described the divine high and luxurious couch there.

ဗြဟ္မ ဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယန

The Brahma High and Luxurious Couch

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဗြဟ္မံ ဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယနံ ဒေသိတံ.

Question: And how, friend, did the Blessed One teach about the Brahma high and luxurious couch there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဣဓာဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏံ ယံ ဂါမံ ဝါ နိဂမံ ဝါ ဥပနိဿာယ ဝိဟရာမိ, သော ပုဗ္ဗဏှသမယံ နိဝါသေတွာ ပတ္တစီဝရမာဒါယ တမေဝ ဂါမံ ဝါ နိဂမံ [Pg.293] ဝါ ပိဏ္ဍာယ ပဝိသာမီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဗြဟ္မဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယနံ ဒေသိတံ.

Reply: Here, brahmin, dwelling dependent on a village or town, in the morning I dress, take my bowl and robe, and enter that very village or town for alms. In this way, venerable sir, the Blessed One taught about the Brahma high and luxurious couch there.

ကတမံ ပန တံ ဘော ဂေါတမ ဗြဟ္မဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယနံ.

But what, Master Gotama, is that Brahma high and luxurious couch?

အရိယ ဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယန

The Noble High and Great Couch

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စာဝုသော [Pg.294] တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ အရိယံ ဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယနံ ဒေသိတံ.

Question: And how, friend, did the Blessed One teach the noble high and great couch there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဣဓာဟံ [Pg.295] ဗြာဟ္မဏ ယံ ဂါမံ ဝါ နိဂမံ ဝါ ဥပနိဿာယ ဝိဟရာမိ, သော ပုဗ္ဗဏှသမယံ နိဝါသေတွာ ပတ္တစီဝရမာဒါယ တမေဝ ဂါမံ ဝါ နိဂမံ ဝါ ပိဏ္ဍာယ ပဝိသာမိ. သော ပစ္ဆာဘတ္တံ ပိဏ္ဍပါတ ပဋိက္ကန္တော ဝနန္တညေဝ ပဝိသာမီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ အရိယံ ဥစ္စာသယနမဟာသယနံ ဒေသိတံ.

Reply: Here, brahmin, I dwell dependent on a certain village or town. In the morning, having dressed and taken my bowl and robe, I enter that same village or town for alms. After the meal, returning from the alms round, I enter the forest. In this way, venerable sir, the noble high and great couch was taught there by the Blessed One.

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.297] အာဝုသော မဟာဝဂ္ဂေ ပဉ္စမံ ကေသမုတ္တိသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, in that same Mahāvagga, where, concerning whom, on what occasion, and how was the fifth Kesamutti Sutta spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကောသလေသု ဘန္တေ ကေသမုတ္တေနာမ ကာလာမာနံ နိဂမေ ကေသမုတ္တိယေ ကာလာမေ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ကေသမုတ္တိယာ ဘန္တေ ကာလာမာ ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစုံ ‘‘သန္တိ ဘန္တေ ဧကေ သမဏ ဗြာဟ္မဏာ ကေသမုတ္တံ အာဂစ္ဆန္တိ, တေ သကံယေဝ ဝါဒံ ဒီပေန္တိ, ဇောတေန္တိ, ပရပ္ပဝါဒံ ပန ခုံသေန္တိ ဝမ္ဘေန္တိ ပရိဘဝန္တိ, ဩမက္ခိံ ကရောန္တိ, အပရေပိ ဘန္တေ ဧကေ သမဏဗြာဟ္မဏာ ကေသမုတ္တံ အာဂစ္ဆန္တိ, တေပိ သကံယေဝ ဝါဒံ ဒီပေန္တိ ဇောတေန္တိ, ပရပ္ပဝါဒံ ပန ခုံသေန္တိ ဝမ္ဘေန္တိ ပရိဘဝန္တိ, ဩမက္ခိံ ကရောန္တိ. တေသံ နော ဘန္တေ အမှာကံ ဟောတေဝ ကင်္ခါ, ဟောတိ ဝိစိကိစ္ဆာ ကော သု နာမ ဣမေသံ ဘဝတံ သမဏဗြာဟ္မဏာနံ သစ္စံ အာဟ, ကော မုသာ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘အလဉှိ ဝေါ ကာလာမာ ကင်္ခိတုံ အလံ ဝိစိကိစ္ဆိတုံ, ကင်္ခီယေဝ ပန ဝေါ ဌာနေ ဝိစိကိစ္ဆာ ဥပ္ပန္နာ’’တိ ဧဝ မာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: Venerable sir, it was spoken concerning the Kālāmas in the Kosala country, at the Kālāmas' town named Kesamutta. Venerable sir, the Kālāmas of Kesamutta said this to the Blessed One: "Venerable sir, some ascetics and brahmins come to Kesamutta. They expound and illuminate only their own doctrine, but they disparage, revile, despise, and treat with contempt the doctrine of others. Others too, venerable sir, some ascetics and brahmins come to Kesamutta. They also expound and illuminate only their own doctrine, but they disparage, revile, despise, and treat with contempt the doctrine of others. For us, venerable sir, there is doubt and uncertainty: which of these venerable ascetics and brahmins speaks the truth, and which speaks falsehood?" On that occasion, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke with words beginning: "It is fitting for you to doubt, Kālāmas, it is fitting for you to be uncertain. Doubt has arisen in you about a matter that invites doubt."

ဥပေါသတသုတ္တ

The Uposatha Sutta

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.303] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ တိကနိပါတေ မဟာဝဂ္ဂေ ဒသမံ ဥပေါသထသုတ္တံ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, by the Blessed One… the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, the Tika Nipāta, the Mahāvagga, the tenth Uposatha Sutta—where, concerning whom, and how was it spoken?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ ဝိသာခံ မိဂါရမာတရံ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘တယော ခေါ မေ ဝိသာခေ ဥပေါသထာ. ကတမေ တယော. ဂေါပါလကုပေါသထော နိဂဏ္ဌုပေါသထော အရိယုပေါသထော’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Reply: Venerable sir, in Sāvatthī, concerning Visākhā, Migāra’s mother, it was spoken thus by the Blessed One: "Visākhā, there are these three Uposathas. What three? The cowherd’s Uposatha, the Nigaṇṭha’s Uposatha, and the noble Uposatha."

ဟန္ဒ ကုတော နု တွံ ဝိသာခေ အာဂစ္ဆသိ ဒိဝါ ဒိဝဿ.

Well now, Visākhā, where have you come from in the middle of the day?

‘‘တယော [Pg.304] ခေါ မေ ဝိသာခေ ဥပေါသထာ. ကတမေ တယော, ဂေါပါလကုပေါသထော နိဂဏ္ဌုပေါသထော အရိယုပေါသထော’’ –

Visākhā, there are these three Uposathas. What three? The cowherd's Uposatha, the Nigaṇṭha's Uposatha, and the noble Uposatha.

ဂေါပါလကဥပုဂ္ဂလ

The Cowherd

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စာဝုသော တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဂေါပါလကုပေါသထော ပကာသိတော.

Question: And how, friend, was the cowherd's Uposatha expounded by the Blessed One there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကထဉ္စ ဝိသာခေ ဂေါပါလကုပေါသထော ဟောတိ, သေယျထာပိ ဝိသာခေ ဂေါပါလကော သာယနှသမယေ သာမိကာနံ ဂါဝေါ နိယျာတေတွာ ဣတိ ပဋိသဉ္စိက္ခတိ ‘‘အဇ္ဇ ခေါ ဂါဝေါ အမုကသ္မိဉ္စ အမုကသ္မိဉ္စ ပဒေသေ စရိံသု, အမုကသ္မိဉ္စ အမုကသ္မိဉ္စ ပဒေသေ ပါနီယာနိ ပိဝိံသု.

Reply: And how, Visākhā, is the cowherd’s Uposatha? Just as, Visākhā, a cowherd in the evening, having returned the cows to their owners, reflects thus: "Today the cows grazed in such and such places, and drank water in such and such places.

သွေ [Pg.305] ဒါနိ ဂါဝေါ အမုကသ္မိဉ္စ အမုကသ္မိဉ္စ ပဒေသေ စရိဿန္တိ, အမုကသ္မိဉ္စ အမုကသ္မိဉ္စ ပဒေသေ ပါနီယာနိ ပိဝိဿန္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဂေါပါလကုပေါသထော ပကာသိတော.

Tomorrow the cows will graze in such and such places, and drink water in such and such places.' In this way, venerable sir, the cowherd’s Uposatha was expounded by the Blessed One there.

နိဂဏ္ဌဥပုဂ္ဂလ

The Nigaṇṭha

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စာဝုသော [Pg.306] တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ နိဂဏ္ဌုပေါသထော ပကာသိတော.

Question: And how, friend, was the Nigaṇṭha’s Uposatha expounded by the Blessed One there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကထဉ္စ ဝိသာခေ နိဂဏ္ဌုပေါသထော ဟောတိ, အတ္ထိ ဝိသာခေ နိဂဏ္ဌာနာမ သမဏဇာတိကာ, တေ သာဝကံ ဧဝံ သမာဒပေန္တိ, ‘‘ဧဟိတွံ အမ္ဘောပုရိသ ယေ ပုရတ္ထိမာယ ဒိသာယ ပါဏာ ပရံ ယောဇနသတံ, တေသု ဒဏ္ဍံ နိက္ခိပါဟိ, ယေ ပစ္ဆိမာယ ဒိသာယ. ယေ ဥတ္တရာယ ဒိသာယ. ယေ ဒက္ခိဏာယ ဒိသာယ ပါဏာ ပရံ ယောဇနသတံ, တေသု ဒဏ္ဍံ နိက္ခိပါဟီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ နိဂဏ္ဌုပေါသထော ပကာသိတော.

Reply: And how, Visākhā, is the Nigaṇṭha’s Uposatha? There are, Visākhā, a kind of ascetic called Nigaṇṭhas. They exhort their disciples thus: "Come, good man, lay down the rod towards beings living more than a hundred leagues to the east; lay down the rod towards beings living more than a hundred leagues to the west; lay down the rod towards beings living more than a hundred leagues to the north; lay down the rod towards beings living more than a hundred leagues to the south." In this way, venerable sir, the Nigaṇṭha’s Uposatha was expounded by the Blessed One there.

ဧဟိ [Pg.307] တွံ အမ္ဘော ပုရိသ.

Come, good man.

ဧဟိ တွံ အမ္ဘော ပုရိသ သဗ္ဗစေလာနိ နိက္ခိပိတွာ ဧဝံ ဝဒေဟိ.

Come, good man, put aside all your garments and speak thus.

နာဟံ [Pg.308] ကွစနိ ကဿစိ ကိဉ္စနတသ္မိံ, န စ မမ ကွစနိ ကတ္ထစိ ကိဉ္စန တတ္ထိ.

I am not anyone's possession in any way, nor is there anything of mine anywhere.

အရိယာ ဥပေါသထော

The Noble Uposatha

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကထဉ္စာဝုသော [Pg.309] တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ အရိယုပေါသထော ဝိတ္ထာရေန ဝိဘဇိတွာ ပကာသိတော.

Question: And how, friend, was the noble Uposatha expounded, analyzed, and explained in detail by the Blessed One there?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကထဉ္စ ဝိသာခေ အရိယုပေါသထော ဟောတိ, ဥပက္ကိလိဋ္ဌဿ ဝိသာခေ စိတ္တဿ ဥပက္ကမေန ပရိယောဒပနာ ဟောတိ. ကထဉ္စ ဝိသာခေ ဥပက္ကိလိဋ္ဌဿ စိတ္တဿ ဥပက္ကမေန ပရိယောဒပနာ ဟောတိ. ဣဓ ဝိသာခေ အရိယသာဝကော တထာဂတံ အနုဿရတိ ‘‘ဣတိပိ သော ဘဂဝါ အရဟံ သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေါ ဝိဇ္ဇာစရဏသမ္ပန္နော သုဂတော လောကဝိဒူ အနုတ္တရော ပုရိသဒမ္မသာရထိ သတ္ထာ ဒေဝမနုဿာနံ ဗုဒ္ဓေါ ဘဂဝါ’’တိ. တဿ တထာဂတံ အနုဿရတော စိတ္တံ ပသီဒတိ, ပါမောဇ္ဇံ ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇတိ, ယေ စိတ္တဿ ဥပက္ကိလေသာ တေ ပဟီယန္တီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ အရိယော ဥပေါသထော ဝိတ္ထာရေတွာ ပကာသိတော.

The Reply – And how, Visākhā, is the noble Uposatha? It is the cleansing of a defiled mind through effort. And how, Visākhā, is the cleansing of a defiled mind through effort? Here, Visākhā, a noble disciple recollects the Tathāgata: "Indeed, the Blessed One is an Arahant, Perfectly Self-Enlightened, accomplished in true knowledge and conduct, fortunate, knower of the world, unsurpassed trainer of persons to be tamed, teacher of devas and humans, the Buddha, the Blessed One." As he recollects the Tathāgata, his mind becomes tranquil, joy arises, and whatever defilements of the mind there are, these are abandoned. Thus, venerable sir, the noble Uposatha was expounded and elucidated in detail by the Blessed One there.

ပုစ္ဆာ – ဧဝံ [Pg.316] ဥပဝုတ္ထဿ ပန အာဝုသော အရိယုပေါသထဿ ကထံ မဟပ္ဖလတာ မဟာနိသံသတာ ဝုတ္တာ ဘဂဝတာ.

The Question – And how, friend, has the Blessed One described the great fruit and great benefit of the noble Uposatha when it has been undertaken in this way?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကီဝမဟပ္ဖလာ ဟောတိ, ကီဝမဟာနိသံသော, ကီဝမဟာဇုတိကော, ကီဝမဟာဝိပ္ဖာရော, သေယျထာပိ ဝိသာခေ ယော ဣမေသံ သောဠသန္နံ မဟာဇနပဒါနံ ပဟူတရတ္တဇနပဒါနံ ဣဿရိယာဓိပစ္စံ ရဇ္ဇံ ကာရေယျ, သေယျထိဒံ ‘‘အင်္ဂါနံ မဂဓာနံ ကာသီနံ ကောသလာနံ ဝဇ္ဇီနံ မလ္လာနံ စေတီနံ ဝင်္ဂါနံ ကုရူနံ ပဉ္စာလာနံ မစ္ဆာနံ သူရသေနာနံ အဿကာနံ အဝန္တီနံ ဂန္ဓာရာနံ ကမ္ဗောဇာနံ, အဋ္ဌင်္ဂသမန္နာဂတဿ ဥပေါသထဿ ဧတံ ကလံ နာဂ္ဃတိ သောဠသိ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ တတ္ထ ဘဂဝတာ ဧဝံ ဥပဝုတ္ထဿ အရိယုပေါသထဿ မဟပ္ဖလတာ မဟာနိသံသတာ ဝုတ္တာ.

The Reply – How fruitful it is, how greatly beneficial, how radiant, how far-reaching in its effects! Just as if, Visākhā, one were to exercise sovereignty and kingship over these sixteen great countries abounding in wealth and people, namely: the Aṅgas, the Magadhans, the Kāsīs, the Kosalans, the Vajjis, the Mallas, the Cetīs, the Vaṅgas, the Kurus, the Pañcālas, the Macchas, the Sūrasenas, the Assakas, the Avantis, the Gandhārans, and the Kambojans—this is not worth a sixteenth part of the Uposatha observance endowed with eight factors. Thus, venerable sir, the Blessed One has spoken of the great fruitfulness and great benefit of the noble Uposatha observance when undertaken in this way there.

အာနန္ဒဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Ānanda

အာဇီဝကသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Ājīvaka

ပုစ္ဆာ – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.319] အာဝုသော တိကနိပါတေ အာနန္ဒဝဂ္ဂေ ဒုတိယံ အာဇီဝကသုတ္တံ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကေန ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of the Threes, in the Ānanda Chapter, the second Discourse on the Ājīvaka: where, concerning whom, in what context, by whom, and how was it spoken?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကောသမ္ဗိယံ ဘန္တေ အညတရံ အာဇီဝကသာဝကံ ဂဟပတိံ အာရဗ္ဘ အာယသ္မတာ အာနန္ဒတ္ထေရေန ဓမ္မဘဏ္ဍာဂါရိကေန ဘာသိတံ. အညတရော ဘန္တေ အာဇီဝကသာဝကော ဂဟပတိ အာယသ္မန္တံ အာနန္ဒံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘ကေသံ နော ဘန္တေ အာနန္ဒ ဓမ္မော သွာက္ခာတော, ကေ လောကေ သုပ္ပဋိပန္နာ, ကေ လောကေ သုကတာ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘တေန ဟိ ဂဟပတိ တညေဝေတ္ထ ပဋိပုစ္ဆိဿာမိ, ယထာ တေ ခမေယျ, တထာ နံ ဗျာကရေယျာသီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ အာယသ္မတာ အာနန္ဒတ္ထေရေန ဓမ္မဘဏ္ဍာဂါရိကေန ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – Venerable sir, this was spoken by the Venerable Ānanda, the treasurer of the Dhamma, concerning a certain householder in Kosambī who was a disciple of the Ājīvakas. Venerable sir, a certain householder, a disciple of the Ājīvakas, said this to the Venerable Ānanda: "Venerable Ānanda, whose Dhamma is well-proclaimed? Who in the world are practicing well? Who in the world have done well?" Venerable sir, in that connection, the Venerable Ānanda, the treasurer of the Dhamma, spoke beginning with this statement: "Well then, householder, I will question you on this very matter. Answer as seems fit to you."

‘‘ကေသံ [Pg.321] နော ဘန္တေ အာနန္ဒ ဓမ္မော သွာက္ခာတော, ကေ လောကေ သုပ္ပဋိပန္နာ, ကေ လောကေ သုကတာ’’.

"Venerable Ānanda, whose Dhamma is well-proclaimed? Who in the world are practicing well? Who in the world have done well?"

‘‘တံ [Pg.322] ကိံ မညသိ ဂဟပတိ’’ –

"What do you think, householder?"

‘‘ဣတိ [Pg.323] ခေါ ဂဟပတိ တယာဝေတံ ဗျာကတံ’’ –

"So, householder, this is how you have explained it."

‘‘အဘိက္ကန္တံ [Pg.324] ဘန္တေ, အဘိက္ကန္တံ ဘန္တေ, သေယျထာပိ ဘန္တေ နိက္ကုဇ္ဇိတံ ဝါ ဥက္ကုဇ္ဇေယျ’’ –

"Excellent, venerable sir! Excellent, venerable sir! Just as, venerable sir, one might set upright what had been overturned—"

ဂန္ဓဇာတသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Kinds of Fragrance

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.325] အာဝုသော နဝမံ ဂန္ဓဇာတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – Friend, there, in that very place, the ninth Discourse on Kinds of Fragrance: concerning whom, on what subject, and how was it spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အာယသ္မန္တံ ဘန္တေ အာနန္ဒံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. အာယသ္မာ ဘန္တေ အာနန္ဒော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘တီဏိမာနိ ဘန္တေ ဂန္ဓဇာတာနိ, ယေသံ အနုဝါတံယေဝ ဂန္ဓော ဂစ္ဆတိ နော ပဋိဝါတံ…ပေ… အတ္ထိ နု ခေါ ဘန္တေ ကိဉ္စိ ဂန္ဓဇာတံ, ယဿ အနုဝါတမ္ပိ ဂန္ဓော ဂစ္ဆတိ ပဋိဝါတမ္ပိ ဂန္ဓော ဂစ္ဆတိ, အနုဝါတပဋိဝါတမ္ပိ ဂန္ဓော ဂစ္ဆတီ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘အတ္ထာနန္ဒ ကိဉ္စိ ဂန္ဓဇာတံ, ယဿ အနုဝါတမ္ပိ ဂန္ဓော ဂစ္ဆတိ, ပဋိဝါတမ္ပိ ဂန္ဓော ဂစ္ဆတိ, အနုဝါတပဋိဝါတမ္ပိ ဂန္ဓော ဂစ္ဆတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – It was spoken concerning the Venerable Ānanda. Venerable sir, the Venerable Ānanda said this to the Blessed One: "Venerable sir, there are these three kinds of fragrances whose scent travels only with the wind and not against it [...]. Is there, venerable sir, any kind of fragrance whose scent travels with the wind, against the wind, and both with and against the wind?" On this matter, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke beginning with this statement: "There is, Ānanda, a kind of fragrance whose scent travels with the wind, against the wind, and both with and against the wind."

န [Pg.327] ပုပ္ဖဂန္ဓော ပဋိဝါတမေတိ;

န စန္ဒနံ တဂရမလ္လိကာ ဝါ;

သတဉ္စ ဂန္ဓော ပဋိဝါတမေတိ;

သဗ္ဗာ ဒိသာ သပ္ပုရိသော ပဝါယတိ;

The scent of a flower does not travel against the wind, nor sandalwood, tagara, or jasmine; but the scent of the virtuous travels against the wind; the good person pervades all directions.

ဂဒြဘသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Donkey

ပုစ္ဆာ – သမဏဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.328] အာဝုသော ဒုတိယံ ဂဒြဘသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – Friend, how was the second Discourse on the Donkey in the Chapter on Ascetics spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သမဏဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယံ ဂဒြဘသုတ္တံ ‘‘သေယျထာပိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဂဒြဘော ဂေါဂဏံ ပိဋ္ဌိတော ပိဋ္ဌိတော အနုဗန္ဓော ဟောတိ ‘အဟမ္ပိ ဒမ္မော အဟမ္ပိ ဒမ္မော’တိ, တဿ န တာဒိသော ဝဏ္ဏော ဟောတိ သေယျထာပိ ဂုန္နံ, န တာဒိသော သရော ဟောတိ သေယျထာပိ ဂုန္နံ, န တာဒိသံ ပဒံ ဟောတိ သေယျထာပိ ဂုန္နံ, သော ဂေါဂဏံယေဝ ပိဋ္ဌိတော ပိဋ္ဌိတော အနုဗန္ဓော ဟောတိ အဟမ္ပိ ဒမ္မော အဟမ္ပိ ဒမ္မော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – In the Chapter on Ascetics, venerable sir, the second Discourse on the Donkey was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with this statement: "Monks, just as a donkey follows behind a herd of cows, thinking, 'I too am an ox, I too am an ox,' yet it does not have the same color as the cows, nor the same sound as the cows, nor the same gait as the cows. It simply follows behind the herd of cows, thinking, 'I too am an ox, I too am an ox.'"

တသ္မာတိဟ [Pg.329] ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧဝံ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗံ.

Therefore, monks, you should train yourselves in this way.

‘‘တိဗ္ဗော နော ဆန္ဒော ဘဝိဿတိ အဓိသီလသိက္ခာသမာဒါနေ…ပေ… အဓိပညာသိက္ခာသမာဒါနေ’’ –

"Our desire will be intense to undertake the training in higher virtue [...] the training in higher wisdom—"

သင်္ကဝါသုတ္တ

The Discourse at Saṅkavā

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.330] အာဝုသော ဧကာဒသမံ သင်္ကဝါသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – Friend, there, in that very place, the eleventh Discourse at Saṅkavā: where, concerning whom, on what subject, and how was it spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကောသလေသု ဘန္တေ သင်္ကဝါယံ နာမ ကောသလာနံ နိဂမေ ကဿပဂေါတ္တံ နာမ ဘိက္ခုံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ကဿပ ဂေါတ္တော ဘန္တေ ဘိက္ခု ဘဂဝတိ မနောပဒူသိတွာ ဘဂဝတော သန္တိကေ အစ္စယံ အစ္စယတော ဒေသေသိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ထေရော စေပိ ကဿပ ဘိက္ခု န သိက္ခာကာမော န သိက္ခာသမာဒါနဿ ဝဏ္ဏဝါဒီ. ယေ စညေ ဘိက္ခူ န သိက္ခာကာမာ, တေ စ န သိက္ခာယ သမာဒပေတိ, ယေ စညေ ဘိက္ခူ သိက္ခာကာမာ တေသဉ္စ န ဝဏ္ဏံ ဘဏတိ ဘူတံ တစ္ဆံ ကာလေနာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – Venerable sir, in the Kosalan town named Saṅkavā, it was spoken concerning a monk named Kassapa of the Kassapa clan. Venerable sir, the monk Kassapa of the Kassapa clan, having mentally offended the Blessed One, confessed his transgression to the Blessed One. In this matter, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke beginning with this statement: "Even if the elder monk Kassapa does not desire training and does not speak in praise of undertaking the training; and he does not encourage other monks who do not desire training to train; and of those other monks who do desire training, he does not speak praise, truthful and factual, at the right time."

လောဏကပလ္လဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on the Lump of Salt

အစ္စာယိကသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Urgency

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော…ပေ… [Pg.334] သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ တိကနိပါတေ လောဏကပလ္လဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမံ အစ္စာယိကသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – Friend, [...] how was the first Discourse on Urgency spoken by the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of the Threes, in the Chapter on the Lump of Salt?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – လောဏကပလ္လဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ အစ္စာယိကသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဏိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ကဿကဿ ဂဟပတိဿ အစ္စာယိကာနိ ကရဏီယာနိ. ကတမာနိ တီဏိ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ကဿကော ဂဟပတိ သီဃံ သီဃံ ခေတ္တံ သုကဋ္ဌံ ကရောတိ သုမတိကတံ. သီဃံ သီဃံ ခေတ္တံ သုကဋ္ဌံ ကရိတွာ သုမတိကတံ သီဃံ သီဃံ ဗီဇာနိ ပတိဋ္ဌာပေတိ. သီဃံ သီဃံ ဗီဇာနိ [Pg.335] ပတိဋ္ဌာပေတွာ သီဃံ သီဃံ ဥဒကံ အဘိနေတိပိ အပနေတိပိ. ဣမာနိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ တီဏိ ကဿကဿ ဂဟပတိဿ အစ္စာယိကာနိ ကရဏီယာနိ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

The Reply – In the Chapter on the Lump of Salt, venerable sir, the first Discourse on Urgency was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with this statement: "Monks, there are these three urgent duties of a farmer householder. What are the three? Here, monks, a farmer householder swiftly and thoroughly cultivates the field, making it well-prepared. Having swiftly and thoroughly cultivated the field and made it well-prepared, he swiftly plants the seeds. Having swiftly planted the seeds, he swiftly brings water in and drains it off. These, monks, are the three urgent duties of a farmer householder."

သမ္ဗောဓဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Awakening

ရုဏ္ဏသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Weeping

ပုစ္ဆာ – သမ္ဗောဓဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.337] ပနာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ ရုဏ္ဏသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

The Question – Friend, in the Chapter on Awakening, how was the fifth discourse, the Ruṇṇa Sutta, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သမ္ဗောဓဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဉ္စမံ ရုဏ္ဏသုတ္တံ ‘‘ရုဏ္ဏမိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အရိယဿ ဝိနယေ ယဒိဒံ ဂီတံ, ဥမ္မတ္တကမိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အရိယဿ ဝိနယေ ယဒိဒံ နစ္စံ, ကောမာရကမိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ အရိယဿ ဝိနယေ ယဒိဒံ အတိဝေလံ ဒန္တဝိဒံသကဟသိတံ. တသ္မာတိဟ ဘိက္ခဝေ သေတုဃာတော ဂီတေ သေတုဃာတော နစ္စေ, အလံ ဝေါ ဓမ္မပ္ပမောဒိတာနံ သတံ သိတံ သိတမတ္တာယာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Awakening, the fifth discourse is the Ruṇṇa Sutta: “Monks, this singing is weeping in the Noble One’s Discipline. Monks, this dancing is madness in the Noble One’s Discipline. Monks, this excessive laughter, showing the teeth, is childish in the Noble One’s Discipline. Therefore, monks, put a stop to singing, put a stop to dancing. It is enough for you who delight in the Dhamma to smile a little.” Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

အရက္ခီကသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Unguarded

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.338] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ အရက္ခိတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, there, where, concerning whom, and how was the seventh discourse, the Arakkhita Sutta, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ အနာတပိဏ္ဍိကံ ဂဟပတိံ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘စိတ္တေ ဂဟပတိ အရက္ခိတေ ကာယကမ္မမ္ပိ အရက္ခိတံ ဟောတိ, ဝစီကမ္မမ္ပိ. မနောကမ္မမ္ပိ အရက္ခိတံ ဟောတိ. တဿ အရက္ခိတကာယကမ္မန္တဿ အရက္ခိတဝစီကမ္မန္တဿ အရက္ခိတမနောကမ္မန္တဿ ကာယကမ္မမ္ပိ အဝဿုတံ [Pg.339] ဟောတိ, ဝစီကမ္မမ္ပိ အဝဿုတံ ဟောတိ, မနောကမ္မမ္ပိ အဝဿုတံ ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, at Sāvatthī, with reference to the householder Anāthapiṇḍika, the Blessed One spoke thus: “Householder, when the mind is unguarded, bodily action is also unguarded, verbal action is also unguarded, and mental action is also unguarded. For one whose bodily action is unguarded, whose verbal action is unguarded, and whose mental action is unguarded, bodily action is defiled, verbal action is defiled, and mental action is defiled.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One, beginning with these words.

အာပါယိကဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on the States of Woe

အပဏ္ဏကသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Incontrovertible

ပုစ္ဆာ – အာပါယိကဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.341] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ အပဏ္ဏကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, how was the sixth discourse, the Apaṇṇaka Sutta, in the Chapter on the States of Woe, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အာပါယိကဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဆဋ္ဌံ အပဏ္ဏကသုတ္တံ ‘‘တိဿော ဣမာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝိပတ္တိယော. ကတမာ တိဿော သီလဝိပတ္တိ, စိတ္တဝိပတ္တိ, ဒိဋ္ဌိဝိပတ္တိ. ကတမာ စ ဘိက္ခဝေ သီလဝိပတ္တိ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပါဏာတိပါတီ ဟောတိ…ပေ… သမ္ဖပ္ပလာပီ ဟောတိ. အယံ ဝုစ္စတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သီလဝိပတ္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on the States of Woe, the sixth discourse is the Apaṇṇaka Sutta: “Monks, there are these three kinds of downfall. What three? Downfall in moral conduct, downfall in mind, and downfall in view. And what, monks, is downfall in moral conduct? Here, monks, someone destroys living beings… indulges in idle chatter. This, monks, is called downfall in moral conduct.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One, beginning with these words.

ကုသိနာရဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Kusinārā

ကုသိနာရသုတ္တ

The Discourse at Kusinārā

ပုစ္ဆာ – ကုသိနာရဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.344] ပနာဝုသော ပဌမံ ကုသိနာရသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, in the Chapter on Kusinārā, where, concerning whom, and how was the first discourse, the Kusinārā Sutta, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ကုသိနာရာယံ ဘန္တေ ဗလိဟရဏေ ဝနသဏ္ဍေ သမ္ဗဟုလေ ဘိက္ခူ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု အညတရံ ဂါမံ ဝါ နိဂမံ ဝါ ဥပနိဿာယ ဝိဟရတိ, တမေနံ ဂဟပတိ ဝါ ဂဟပတိပုတ္တော ဝါ ဥပသင်္ကမိတွာ သွာတနာယ ဘတ္တေန နိမန္တေတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, at Kusinārā, in the Baliharaṇa grove, concerning many monks, the Blessed One spoke thus: “Here, monks, a monk dwells depending on a certain village or town. Then a householder or a householder’s son approaches him and invites him for tomorrow’s meal.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One, beginning with these words.

ဟတ္ထကသုတ္တ

The Discourse concerning Hatthaka

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.347] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ ဟတ္ထကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကေန သဒ္ဓိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, there, where, with whom, and how was the fifth discourse, the Hatthaka Sutta, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ ဟတ္ထကေန ဒေဝပုတ္တေန သဒ္ဓိံ ‘‘ယေ တေ ဟတ္ထက ဓမ္မာ ပုဗ္ဗေ မနုဿဘူတဿ ပဝတ္တိနော အဟေသုံ, အပိနု တေ တေ ဓမ္မာ ဧတရဟိ ပဝတ္တိနော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, at Sāvatthī, with the devaputta Hatthaka, the Blessed One spoke thus: “Hatthaka, those qualities that were manifest in you previously when you were a human being—are those same qualities still manifest now?” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One, beginning with these words.

အနုရုဒ္ဓသုတ္တ

The Discourse concerning Anuruddha

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.350] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမံ အနုရုဒ္ဓသုတ္တံ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကေန ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, there, concerning whom, by whom, and how was the eighth discourse, the Anuruddha Sutta, spoken?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – အဋ္ဌမံ ဘန္တေ အနုရုဒ္ဓသုတ္တံ အာယသ္မန္တံ အနုရုဒ္ဓတ္ထေရံ အာရဗ္ဘ အာယသ္မတာ သာရိပုတ္တတ္ထေရေန ဓမ္မသေနာပတိနာ ‘‘ယံ ခေါ တေ အာဝုသော အနုရုဒ္ဓံ ဧဝံ ဟောတိ ‘အဟံ ဒိဗ္ဗေန စက္ခုနာ ဝိသုဒ္ဓေန အတိက္ကန္တမာနုသကေန သဟဿံ လောကံ ဝေါလောကေမီ’တိ, ဣဒံ တေ မာနသ္မိံ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, the eighth discourse, the Anuruddha Sutta, concerning the Venerable Elder Anuruddha, was spoken by the Venerable Sāriputta, the General of the Dhamma, beginning thus: “Friend Anuruddha, that it occurs to you thus: ‘With the divine eye, purified and surpassing the human, I survey a thousand worlds’—this is a matter of your conceit.”

‘‘သာဓု [Pg.352] ဝတာယသ္မာ အနုရုဒ္ဓေါ ဣမေ တယော ဓမ္မေ ပဟာယ ဣမေ တယော ဓမ္မေ အမနသိကရိတွာ အမတာယ ဓာတုယာ စိတ္တံ ဥပသံဟရတု’’ –

“It would be good, Venerable Anuruddha, if you were to abandon these three qualities, not attend to these three qualities, and direct your mind to the deathless element.”

ကုသိနာရဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Kusinārā

ပဋိစ္ဆန္နသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Concealed

ပုစ္ဆာ – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.353] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ တိကနိပါတေ ကုသိနာရဝဂ္ဂေ နဝမံ ပဋိစ္ဆန္နသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, how was the ninth discourse, the Paṭicchanna Sutta, in the Chapter on Kusinārā, in the Book of Threes of the Aṅguttara Nikāya, spoken by that Blessed One… the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – နဝမံ ဘန္တေ ပဋိစ္ဆန္နသုတ္တံ ‘‘တီဏိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဋိစ္ဆန္နာနိ အာဝဟန္တိ နော ဝိဝဋာနိ. ကတမာနိ တီဏိ, မာတုဂါမော ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဋိစ္ဆန္နော အာဝဟတိ နော ဝိဝဋော, ဗြာဟ္မဏာနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ မန္တာ ပဋိစ္ဆန္နာ အာဝဟန္တိ နော ဝိဝဋာ, မိစ္ဆာဒိဋ္ဌိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဋိစ္ဆန္နာ အာဝဟတိ နော ဝိဝဋာ. ဣမာနိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ တီဏိ ပဋိစ္ဆန္နာနိ အာဝဟန္တိ နော ဝိဝဋာနီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, the ninth discourse is the Paṭicchanna Sutta: “Monks, these three things thrive when concealed, not when revealed. What three? Womankind, monks, thrives when concealed, not when revealed. The brahmins’ sacred verses, monks, thrive when concealed, not when revealed. Wrong view, monks, thrives when concealed, not when revealed. These, monks, are the three things that thrive when concealed, not when revealed.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One, beginning with these words.

လေခသုတ္တ

The Discourse on an Inscription

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.355] အာဝုသော ဒသမံ လေခသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, how was the tenth discourse, the Lekha Sutta, spoken by the Blessed One in that same context?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဒသမံ ဘန္တေ လေခသုတ္တံ ‘‘တယောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ တယော, ပါသာဏလေခူပမော ပုဂ္ဂလော ပထဝိလေခူပမော ပုဂ္ဂလော ဥဒကလေခူပမော ပုဂ္ဂလော. ကတမော စ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပါသာဏ လေခူပမော ပုဂ္ဂလော, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော အဘိဏှံ ကုဇ္ဈတိ, သော စ ခွဿ ကောဓော ဒီဃရတ္တံ အနုသေတိ. သေယျထာပိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပါသာဏလေခါ န ခိပ္ပံ လုဇ္ဇတိ ဝါတေန ဝါ ဥဒကေန ဝါ, စိရဋ္ဌိတိကာ ဟောတိ, ဧဝမေဝ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဣဓေကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော အဘိဏှံ ကုဇ္ဈတိ, သော စ ခွဿ ကောဓော ဒီဃရတ္တံ အနုသေတိ. အယံ ဝုစ္စတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပါသာဏလေခူပမော ပုဂ္ဂလော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, the tenth discourse is the Lekha Sutta: “Monks, these three kinds of persons are found existing in the world. What three? The person similar to an inscription on rock, the person similar to an inscription on earth, and the person similar to an inscription on water. And what, monks, is the person similar to an inscription on rock? Here, monks, a certain person is frequently angry, and that anger of his persists for a long time. Just as, monks, an inscription on rock is not quickly effaced by wind or water but is long-lasting, so too, monks, a certain person here is frequently angry, and that anger of his persists for a long time. This, monks, is called the person similar to an inscription on rock.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One, beginning with these words.

ယောဓာဇီဝဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Warriors

ကေသကမ္ဗလသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Hair Blanket

ပုစ္ဆာ – ယောဓာဇီဝဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.358] ပန အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ ကေသကမ္ဗလသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question – Friend, in the Chapter on Warriors, how was the fifth discourse, the Kesakambala Sutta, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ယောဓာဇီဝဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဉ္စမံ ကေသကမ္ဗလသုတ္တံ ‘‘သေယျထာပိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ယာနိ ကာနိစိ တန္တာဝုတာနံ ဝတ္ထာနံ, ကေသကမ္ဗလော တေသံ ပဋိကိဋ္ဌော အက္ခာယတိ. ကေသကမ္ဗလော ဘိက္ခဝေ သီတေ သီတော ဥဏှေ ဥဏှော ဒုဗ္ဗဏ္ဏော ဒုဂ္ဂန္ဓော ဒုက္ခသမ္ဖဿော. ဧဝမေဝ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ယာနိကာနိစိ ပုထုသမဏဗြာဟ္မဏဝါဒါနံ, မက္ခလိဝါဒေါ တေသံ ပဋိကိဋ္ဌော အက္ခာယတီတိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Warriors, the fifth discourse is the Kesakambala Sutta: “Monks, just as, of all woven cloths, a hair blanket is said to be the most despised—a hair blanket, monks, is cold in the cold, hot in the heat, ill-colored, foul-smelling, and unpleasant to the touch—so too, monks, of all the doctrines of the various ascetics and brahmins, the doctrine of Makkhali is said to be the most despised.” Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One, beginning with these words.

မင်္ဂလဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Blessings

ဝန္ဒနာသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Homage

ပုစ္ဆာ – မင်္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.360] ပနာဝုသော နဝမံ ဝန္ဒနာသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, in the Chapter on Blessings, how was the ninth Discourse on Homage spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – မင်္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ နဝမံ ဝန္ဒနာသုတ္တံ ‘‘တိဿော ဣမာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝန္ဒနာ. ကတမာ တိဿော, ကာယေန ဝါစာယ မနသာ. ဣမာ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ တိဿော ဝန္ဒနာ’’တိ, ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Blessings, the ninth Discourse on Homage was spoken by the Blessed One thus: "Bhikkhus, these are three kinds of homage. What three? Homage by body, by speech, and by mind. These, bhikkhus, are the three kinds of homage." Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

‘‘တိဿော ဣမာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝန္ဒနာ. ကတမာ တိဿော, ကာယေန ဝါစာယ မနသာ. ဣမာ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ တိဿော ဝန္ဒနာ’’.

Bhikkhus, these are three kinds of homage. What three? Homage by body, by speech, and by mind. These, bhikkhus, are the three kinds of homage.

ပုဗ္ဗဏှသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Forenoon

ပုစ္ဆာ – တတ္ထော [Pg.361] အာဝုသော ဒသမံ ပုဗ္ဗဏှသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, how was the tenth Discourse on the Forenoon spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဒသမံ ဘန္တေ ပုဗ္ဗဏှသုတ္တံ ‘‘ယေ ဘိက္ခဝေ သတ္တာ ပုဗ္ဗဏှသမယံ ကာယေန သုစရိတံ စရန္တိ, ဝါစာယ သုစရိတံ စရန္တိ, မနသာ သုစရိတံ စရန္တိ. သုပုဗ္ဗဏှော ဘိက္ခဝေ တေသံ သတ္တာနံ. ယေ ဘိက္ခဝေ သတ္တာ မဇ္ဈနှိကသမယံ…ပေ… သာယနှသမယံ ကာယေန သုစရိတံ စရန္တိ, ဝါစာယ သုစရိတံ စရန္တိ, မနသာ သုစရိတံ စရန္တိ. သုသာယနှော ဘိက္ခဝေ တေသံ သတ္တာန’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, the tenth Discourse on the Forenoon was spoken by the Blessed One thus: "Bhikkhus, those beings who at forenoon practice good conduct by body, speech, and mind—for them, bhikkhus, the forenoon is auspicious. Those beings who at midday... in the evening practice good conduct by body, speech, and mind—for them, bhikkhus, the evening is auspicious." Thus, and so on, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

သုနက္ခတ္တံ [Pg.362] သုမင်္ဂလံ, သုပ္ပဘာတံ သုဟုဋ္ဌိတံ;

သုခဏော သုမုဟုတ္တော စ, သုယိဋ္ဌံ ဗြဟ္မစာရိသု.

Auspicious is the constellation, fortunate the blessing, radiant the dawn, well-risen the morn; a good moment, a good instant, and well-offered to those who lead the holy life.

ဘဏ္ဍဂါမဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Bhaṇḍagāma

အနုဗုဒ္ဓသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Comprehension

ပုစ္ဆာ – စတုက္ကနိပါတေ [Pg.1] ပန အာဝုသော ဘဏ္ဍဂါမဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမံ အနုဗုဒ္ဓသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ သတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, in the Chapter on Bhaṇḍagāma in the Book of Fours, concerning whom and how was the first Discourse on Comprehension spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိဿဇ္ဇနာ – ဝဇ္ဇီသု ဘန္တေ ဘဏ္ဍဂါမေ သမ္ဗဟုလေ ဘိက္ခူ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘စတုန္နံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာနံ အနနုဗောဓာ အပ္ပဋိဝေဓာ ဧဝမိဒံ ဒီဃမဒ္ဓါနံ သန္ဓာဝိတံ သံသရိတံ မမဉ္စေဝ တုမှာကဉ္စ. ကတမေသံ စတုန္နံ, အရိယဿ ဘိက္ခဝေ သီလဿ အနနုဗောဓာ အပ္ပဋိဝေဓာ ဧဝမိဒံ ဒီဃမဒ္ဓါနံ သန္ဓာဝိတံ သံသရိတံ မမဉ္စေဝ တုမှာကဉ္စ. အရိယဿ ဘိက္ခဝေ သမာဓိဿ…. အရိယာယ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပညာယ…. အရိယာယ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝိမုတ္တိယာ အနနုဗောဓာ အပ္ပဋိဝေဓာ ဧဝမိဒံ ဒီဃမဒ္ဓါနံ သန္ဓာဝိတံ သံသရိတံ မမဉ္စေဝ တုမှာကဉ္စာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, concerning a number of bhikkhus at Bhaṇḍagāma in the Vajji country, the Blessed One spoke thus: "Bhikkhus, it is because of not comprehending, not penetrating four things, that this long course of wandering and transmigration has been continued for me as well as for you. What four? Because of not comprehending, not penetrating noble virtue... noble concentration... noble wisdom... noble liberation, this long course of wandering and transmigration has been continued for me as well as for you." Thus, and so on, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

အပ္ပဿုတသုတ္တ

The Discourse on One of Little Learning

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.3] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ အပ္ပဿုတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, how was the sixth Discourse on One of Little Learning spoken by the Blessed One there?

ဝိ – တတ္ထ ဘန္တေ ဆဋ္ဌံ အပ္ပဿုတသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, အပ္ပဿုတော သုတေန အနုပပန္နော, အပ္ပဿုတော သုတေန ဥပပန္နော, ဗဟုဿုတော သုတေန အနုပပန္နော, ဗဟုဿုတော သုတေန ဥပပန္နော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, there the sixth Discourse on One of Little Learning was spoken by the Blessed One thus: "Bhikkhus, these four persons are found existing in the world. What four? One of little learning who does not accord with what he has heard; one of little learning who accords with what he has heard; one of much learning who does not accord with what he has heard; and one of much learning who accords with what he has heard." Thus, and so on, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

စရဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Wandering

စရသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Walking

ပု – စရဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.7] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ စရသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, in the Chapter on Wandering, how was the first Discourse on Walking spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – စရဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ စရသုတ္တံ ‘‘စရတော စေပိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခုနော ဥပ္ပဇ္ဇတိ ကာမဝိတက္ကော ဝါ ဗျာပါဒဝိတက္ကော ဝါ ဝိဟိံသာဝိဘတ္တော ဝါ, တံ စေ ဘိက္ခု အဓိဝါသေတိ နပ္ပဇဟတိ န ဝိနောဒေတိ န ဗျန္တီကရောတိ န အနဘာဝံ ဂမေတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Wandering, the first Discourse on Walking was spoken by the Blessed One thus: “Bhikkhus, if, while a bhikkhu is walking, a thought of sensuality, a thought of ill will, or a thought of violence arises, and he tolerates it, does not abandon it, does not dispel it, does not make an end of it, and does not bring it to a state of non-existence…” Thus, and so on, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ဥရုဝေလဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Uruvelā

လောကသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the World

ပု – တေနာဝုသော…ပေ… [Pg.9] သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ စတုက္ကနိပါတေ ဥရုဝေလဝဂ္ဂေ တတိယံ လောကသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Question: Friend, …pe… how was the third Discourse on the World in the Chapter on Uruvelā of the Aṅguttara Nikāya, the Book of Fours, spoken by the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One?

ဝိ – ဥရုဝေလဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ တတိယံ လောကသုတ္တံ ‘‘လောကော ဘိက္ခဝေ တထာဂတေန အဘိသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေါ, လောကသ္မာ တထာဂတော ဝိသံယုတ္တော, လောကသမုဒယော ဘိက္ခဝေ တထာဂတေန အဘိသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေါ, လောကသမုဒယော တထာဂတဿ ပဟီနော, လောကနိရောဓော ဘိက္ခဝေ တထာဂတေန အဘိသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေါ လောကနိရောဓော တထာဂတဿ သစ္ဆိကတော, လောကနိရောဓဂါမိနီ ပဋိပဒါ ဘိက္ခဝေ တထာဂတေန အဘိသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓါ, လောကနိရောဓဂါမိနိ ပဋိပဒါ တထာဂတဿ ဘာဝိတာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Response: Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Uruvelā, the third Discourse on the World was spoken by the Blessed One thus: “Bhikkhus, the world has been fully comprehended by the Tathāgata; the Tathāgata is disjoined from the world. The origin of the world, bhikkhus, has been fully comprehended by the Tathāgata; the origin of the world has been abandoned by the Tathāgata. The cessation of the world, bhikkhus, has been fully comprehended by the Tathāgata; the cessation of the world has been realized by the Tathāgata. The path leading to the cessation of the world, bhikkhus, has been fully comprehended by the Tathāgata; the path leading to the cessation of the world has been developed by the Tathāgata.” Thus, and so on, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ဒန္တော [Pg.12] ဒမယတံ သေဋ္ဌော,သန္တော သမယတံ ဣသိ;

မုတ္တော မောစယတံ အဂ္ဂေါ,တိဏ္ဏော တာရယတံ ဝရော–

The tamed is the best among those who tame, the peaceful one is the sage among those who pacify; the liberated is the foremost among those who liberate, the one who has crossed over is the best among those who lead across.

သဗ္ဗံ လောကံ အဘိညာယ,သဗ္ဗံ လောကေ ယထာတထံ;

သဗ္ဗံ လောကံ ဝိသံယုတ္တော,သဗ္ဗလောကေ အနူပယော.

Having fully understood the entire world, and everything in the world as it really is; he is disjoined from the entire world, without clinging to anything in the world.

သ ဝေ သဗ္ဗာဘိဘူ ဓီရော,သဗ္ဗဂန္ထပ္ပမောစနော;

ပုဋ္ဌ’ဿ ပရမာ သန္တိ,နိဗ္ဗာနံ အကုတော ဘယံ.

He is indeed the wise one, the conqueror of all, the one released from all ties; for him, the supreme peace is attained: Nibbāna, from which there is no fear.

ဧသ ခီဏာသဝေါ ဗုဒ္ဓေါ,အနီဃော ဆိန္နသံသယော;

သဗ္ဗကမ္မက္ခယံ [Pg.13] ပတ္တော,ဝိမုတ္တော ဥပဓိသင်္ခယေ;

This is the Buddha, whose taints are destroyed, trouble-free, with doubts cut off; he has attained the destruction of all kamma, liberated through the exhaustion of the substrata of existence.

ဧသ သော ဘဂဝါ ဗုဒ္ဓေါ,ဧသ သီဟော အနုတ္တရော;

သဒေဝကဿ လောကဿ,ဗြဟ္မစက္ကံ ပဝတ္တယီ.

This is the Blessed One, the Buddha, this is the unsurpassed lion. For the world with its devas, he set in motion the Wheel of Brahma.

ဣတိ ဒေဝါ မနုဿာ စ,ယေ ဗုဒ္ဓံ သရဏံ ဂတာ;

သင်္ဂမ္မ တံ နမဿန္တိ,မဟန္တံ ဝီတသာရဒံ.

Thus, devas and humans, who have gone to the Buddha for refuge, having come together, they pay homage to him, the great one, free from diffidence.

ဒန္တော ဒမယတံ သေဋ္ဌော,သန္တော သမယတံ ဣသိ;

မုတ္တော မောစယတံ အဂ္ဂေါ,တိဏ္ဏော တာရယတံ ဝရော.

The tamed one is the best among those who tame, The peaceful one is the sage among those who pacify; The liberated one is the foremost among those who liberate, The one who has crossed over is the best among those who lead across.

ဣတိ ဟေတံ နမဿန္တိ,မဟန္တံ ဝီတသာရဒံ;

သဒေဝကသ္မိံ လောကသ္မိံ,နတ္ထိ မေ ပဋိပုဂ္ဂလော–

Thus, they pay homage to him, the great one, free from diffidence; in the world with its devas, there is no equal to me.

ဗြဟ္မစရိယသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Holy Life

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ ဗြဟ္မစရိယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the fifth Discourse on the Holy Life spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – ပဉ္စမံ ဘန္တေ ဗြဟ္မစရိယသုတ္တံ ‘‘နယိဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဗြဟ္မစရိယံ ဝုဿတိ ဇနကုဟနတ္ထံ, န ဇနလပနတ္ထံ, န လာဘသက္ကာရသိလောကာနိသံသုတ္တံ[Pg.14], န ဣတိဝါဒပ္ပမောက္ခာနိသံသတ္ထံ, န ‘ဣတိ မံ ဇနော ဇာနာတူ’တိ. အထ ခေါ ဣဒံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဗြဟ္မစရိယံ ဝုဿတိ သံဝရတ္ထံ ပဟာနတ္ထံ ဝိရာဂတ္ထံ နိရောဓတ္ထ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the fifth Discourse on the Holy Life was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, this holy life is not lived for the sake of deceiving people, nor for the sake of flattering people, nor for the sake of gain, honor, and renown, nor for the sake of the advantages of disputation, nor for thinking, ‘Let people know me thus.’ Rather, monks, this holy life is lived for the sake of restraint, for the sake of abandoning, for the sake of dispassion, for the sake of cessation.”

အရိယဝံသသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Noble Lineages

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.15] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမံ အရိယဝံသသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the eighth Discourse on the Noble Lineages spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ အဋ္ဌမံ အရိယဝံသသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ အရိယဝံသာ အဂ္ဂညာ ရတ္တညာ ဝံသညာ ပေါရာဏာ, အသံကိဏ္ဏာ အသံကိဏ္ဏပုဗ္ဗာန သံကီယိဿန္တိ, အပ္ပဋိကုဋ္ဌာ သမဏေဟိ ဗြာဟ္မဏေဟိ ဝိညူဟိ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု သန္တုဋ္ဌော ဟောတိ ဣတရီတရေန စီဝရေန, ဣတရီတရစီဝရသန္တုဋ္ဌိယာ စ ဝဏ္ဏဝါဒီ, န စ စီဝရဟေတု အနေသနံ အပ္ပတိရူပံ အာပဇ္ဇတိ, အလဒ္ဓါ စ စီဝရံ န ပရိတဿတိ, လဒ္ဓါ စ စီဝရံ အဂဓိတော အမုစ္ဆိတော အနဇ္ဈောပန္နော အာဒီနဝဒဿာဝီ နိဿရဏပညော ပရိဘုဉ္ဇတိ, တာယ စ ပန ဣတရီတရစီဝရသန္တုဋ္ဌိယာ နေဝတ္တာနုက္ကံသေတိ နော ပရံ ဝမ္ဘေတိ. ယော ဟိ တတ္ထ ဒက္ခော အနလသော သမ္ပဇာနော ပဋိဿဘော, အယံ ဝုစ္စတိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု ပေါရာဏေ အဂ္ဂညေ အရိယဝံသေ ဌိတော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the eighth Discourse on the Noble Lineages was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, these four noble lineages are foremost, long-standing, traditional, and ancient; they are unmixed, have been unmixed in the past, and will not be mixed; they are not censured by recluses, brahmins, and the wise. What four? Here, monks, a bhikkhu is content with any kind of robe. He speaks in praise of contentment with any kind of robe, and does not resort to an unseemly and inappropriate search for robes. If he does not obtain a robe, he does not fret, and if he obtains one, he uses it without being greedy, without being infatuated, and without being attached, seeing the danger and understanding the escape. And by this contentment with any kind of robe, he neither exalts himself nor disparages others. Whoever is skilled, not lazy, clearly comprehending, and mindful in this is called, monks, a bhikkhu who stands in the ancient, foremost noble lineage.”

စက္ကဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on the Wheel

စက္ကသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Wheel

ပု – စက္ကဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.19] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ စက္ကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the first Discourse on the Wheel in the Chapter on the Wheel spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – စက္ကဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ စက္ကသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ စက္ကာနိ, ယေဟိ သမန္နာဂတာနံ ဒေဝမနုဿာနံ စတုစက္ကံ ဝတ္တတိ, ယေဟိ သမန္နာဂတာ ဒေဝမနုဿာ နစိရဿေဝ မဟန္တတ္တံ ဝေပုလ္လတ္တံ ပါပုဏန္တိ ဘောဂေသု. ကတမာနိ စတ္တာရိ, ပတိရူပဒေသဝါသော သပ္ပုရိသာဝဿယော အတ္တသမ္မာပဏိဓိ ပုဗ္ဗေ စ ကတပုညတာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the first Discourse on the Wheel in the Chapter on the Wheel was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, there are these four wheels. When devas and humans are endowed with these, their fourfold wheel turns. Endowed with these, devas and humans soon attain greatness and abundance in wealth. What four? Living in a suitable region, reliance on good persons, right self-direction, and having made merit in the past.”

သင်္ဂဟသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Bases of Sympathy

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.21] အာဝုသော ဒုတိယံ သင်္ဂဟသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the second Discourse on the Bases of Sympathy spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယံ သင်္ဂဟသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သင်္ဂဟဝတ္ထူနိ. ကတမာနိ စတ္တာရိ, ဒါနံ ပေယျဝဇ္ဇံ အတ္ထစရိယာ သမာနတ္တတာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, right there, the second Discourse on the Bases of Sympathy was spoken by the Blessed One, beginning: “Monks, there are these four bases of sympathy. What four? Generosity, kind speech, beneficial conduct, and impartiality.”

သီဟသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Lion

ပု – ဘတ္ထေဝ [Pg.23] အာဝုသော တတိယံ သီဟသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the third Discourse on the Lion spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ တတိယံ သီဟသုတ္တံ ‘‘သီဟော ဘိက္ခဝေ မိဂရာဇာ သာယနုသမယံ အာသယာ နိက္ခမတိ, အာသယာ နိက္ခမိတွာ ဝိဇမ္ဘတိ, ဝိဇမ္ဘိတွာ သမန္တာ စတုဒ္ဒိသာ အနုဝိလောကေတိ, သမန္တာ စတုဒ္ဒိသာ အနုဝိလောကေတွာ တိက္ခတ္တုံ သီဟနာဒံ နဒတိ, တိက္ခတ္တုံ သီဟနာဒံ နဒိတွာ ဂေါစရာယ ပက္ကမတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, right there, the third Discourse on the Lion was spoken by the Blessed One, beginning: “Monks, the lion, the king of beasts, emerges from his lair in the evening. Having emerged from his lair, he yawns; having yawned, he surveys the four directions all around; having surveyed the four directions all around, he roars a lion’s roar three times; having roared a lion’s roar three times, he then departs for his feeding ground.”

ဒေါဏသုတ္တ

The Discourse to Doṇa

ပု – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.25] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ စတုက္ကနိပါတေ စက္ကဝဂ္ဂေ ဆဋ္ဌံ ဒေါဏသုတ္တံ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, where, concerning whom, regarding what subject, and how was the sixth Discourse to Doṇa spoken by that Blessed One, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, in the Chapter on the Wheel of the Book of the Fours in the Aṅguttara Nikāya?

ဝိ – အန္တရာ [Pg.26] စ ဘန္တေ ဥက္ကဋ္ဌံ အန္တရာ စ သေတဗျံ ဒေါဏံ ဗြာဟ္မဏံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ဒေါဏော ဘန္တေ ဗြာဟ္မဏော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘ဒေဝေါ နော ဘဝံ ဘဝိဿတီ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘န ခေါ အဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ ဒေဝေါ ဘဝိဿာမီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, it was spoken concerning the brahmin Doṇa between Ukkaṭṭha and Setabya. Venerable sir, the brahmin Doṇa said this to the Blessed One: “Will the revered one be a god?” Regarding that matter, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke, beginning: “I will not be a god, brahmin.”

‘‘အစ္ဆရိယံ [Pg.27] ဝတ ဘော, အဗ္ဘုတံ ဝတ ဘော, န ဝတိမာနိ မနုဿဘူတဿ ပဒါနိ ဘဝိဿန္တိ’’.

“It is wonderful, sirs! It is amazing, sirs! These could not possibly be the footprints of a human being.”

‘‘ဒေဝေါ နော ဘဝံ ဘဝိဿတိ’’.

“Will the revered one be a god?”

‘‘န ခေါ အဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ ဒေဝေါ ဘဝိဿမိ’’.

“I will not be a god, brahmin.”

‘‘ဂန္ဓဗ္ဗော နော ဘဝံ ဘဝိဿတိ’’.

“Will the revered one be a gandhabba?”

‘‘န ခေါ အဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ ဂန္ဓဗ္ဗော ဘဝိဿာမိ’’.

“I will not be a gandhabba, brahmin.”

ဥဇ္ဇယသုတ္တ

The Discourse to Ujjaya

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.30] အာဝုသော နဝမံ ဥဇ္ဇယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the ninth Discourse to Ujjaya spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – နဝမံ ဘန္တေ ဥဇ္ဇယသုတ္တံ ‘‘န ခေါ အဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ သဗ္ဗံ ယညံ ဝဏ္ဏေမိ, န ပနာဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ သဗ္ဗံ ယညံ န ဝဏ္ဏေမိ. ယထာရူပေ ခေါ ဗြာဟ္မဏ ယညေ ဂါဝေါ ဟညန္တိ, အဇေဠကာ ဟညန္တိ, ကုက္ကုဋသူကရာ ဟညန္တိ, ဝိဝိဓာ ပါဏာ သံဃာတံ အာပဇ္ဇန္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the ninth Discourse to Ujjaya was spoken by the Blessed One, beginning: “Brahmin, I do not praise every sacrifice, nor do I not praise every sacrifice. Brahmin, in a sacrifice where cows are slaughtered, goats and sheep are slaughtered, chickens and pigs are slaughtered, and various living beings meet their destruction…”

‘‘ဘဝမ္ပိ [Pg.31] နော ဂေါတမော ယညံ ဝဏ္ဏေတိ’’.

“Does Master Gotama praise any sacrifice?”

ရောဟိတဿဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Rohitassa

သမာဓိဘာဝနာသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Development of Concentration

ပု – ရောဟိတဿဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.33] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ သမာဓိဘာဝနာသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the first Discourse on the Development of Concentration spoken by the Blessed One in the Chapter on Rohitassa?

ဝိ – ရောဟိတဿဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ သမာဓိဘာဝနာသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတဿော ဣမာ ဘိက္ခဝေ သမာဓိဘာဝနာ, ကတမာ စတဿော, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သမာဓိဘာဝနာ ဘာဝိတာ ဗဟုလီကတာ ဒိဋ္ဌဓမ္မသုခဝိဟာရာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သမာဓိဘာဝနာ ဘာဝိတာ ဗဟုလီကတာ ဉာဏဒဿနပ္ပဋိလာဘာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သမာဓိဘာဝနာ ဘာဝိတာ ဗဟုလီကတာ သတိသမ္ပဇညာယ သံဝတ္တတိ, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သမာဓိဘာဝနာ ဘာဝိတာ ဗဟုလီကတာ အာသဝါနံ ခယာယ သံဝတ္တတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the first Discourse on the Development of Concentration in the Chapter on Rohitassa was spoken by the Blessed One, beginning: “Monks, there are these four developments of concentration. What four? There is, monks, a development of concentration that, when developed and cultivated, leads to pleasant abiding in this very life. There is, monks, a development of concentration that, when developed and cultivated, leads to the acquisition of knowledge and vision. There is, monks, a development of concentration that, when developed and cultivated, leads to mindfulness and clear comprehension. There is, monks, a development of concentration that, when developed and cultivated, leads to the destruction of the taints.”

ပဉှဗျာကရဏသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Answering Questions

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.37] အာဝုသော ဒုတိယံ ပဉှဗျာကရဏသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the second Discourse on Answering Questions spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယံ ပဉှဗျာကရဏသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉှဗျာကရဏာနိ. ကတမာနိ စတ္တာရိ, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉှော ဧကံသဗျာကရဏီယော, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉှော ဝိဘဇ္ဇဗျာကရဏီယော, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉှော ပဋိပုစ္ဆာဗျာကရဏီယော, အတ္ထိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉှော ဌပနီယော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, right there, the second Discourse on Answering Questions was spoken by the Blessed One, beginning: “Monks, there are these four ways of answering questions. What four? There is, monks, a question to be answered categorically. There is, monks, a question to be answered analytically. There is, monks, a question to be answered with a counter-question. There is, monks, a question to be set aside.”

ပုညာဘိသန္ဒဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Streams of Merit

ပဌမသံဝါသသုတ္တ

The First Discourse on Cohabitation

ပု – ပုညာဘိသန္ဒဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.39] ပန အာဝုသော တတိယံ သံဝါသသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, where, concerning whom, and how was the third Discourse on Cohabitation spoken by the Blessed One in the Chapter on Streams of Merit?

ဝိ – ပုညာဘိသန္ဒဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ တတိယံ သံဝါသသုတ္တံ အန္တရာ စ မဓုရံ အန္တရာ စ ဝေရဉ္ဇံ သမ္ဗဟုလေ ဂဟပတယော စ ဂဟပတာနိယော စ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဂဟပတယော သံဝါသာ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဆဝေါ ဆဝါယ သဒ္ဓိံ သံဝသတိ, ဆဝေါ ဒေဝိယာ သဒ္ဓိံ သံဝသတိ, ဒေဝေါ ဆဝါယ သဒ္ဓိံ သံဝသတိ, ဒေဝေါ ဒေဝိယာ သဒ္ဓိံ သံဝသတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Streams of Merit, the third Discourse on Cohabitation was spoken by the Blessed One concerning numerous householders and their wives, between Madhurā and Verañjā, beginning: “Householders, there are these four kinds of cohabitation. What four? A corpse cohabits with a corpse; a corpse cohabits with a goddess; a god cohabits with a corpse; a god cohabits with a goddess.”

ပဌမသမဇီဝီသုတ္တ

The First Samajīvī Sutta

ပု – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.43] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ စတုက္ကနိပါတေ ပုညာဘိသန္ဒဝဂ္ဂေ ပဉ္စမံ သမဇီဝိသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the fifth Samajīvī Sutta spoken by the Blessed One, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fours, in the Puññābhisanda Chapter?

ဝိ – ပဉ္စမံ ဘန္တေ သမဇီဝိသုတ္တံ ‘‘အာကင်္ခေယျုံ စေ ဂဟပတယော ဥဘော ဇာနိပတယော ဒိဋ္ဌေ စေဝ ဓမ္မေ အညမညံ ပဿိတုံ, အဘိသမ္ပရာယဉ္စ အညမညံ ပဿိတုံ, ဥဘောဝ အဿု သမသဒ္ဓါ သမသီလာ သမစာဂါ သမပညာ, တေ ဒိဋ္ဌေ စေဝ ဓမ္မေ အညမညံ ပဿန္တိ, အဘိသမ္ပရာယဉ္စ အညမညံ ပဿန္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the fifth Samajīvī Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning: “If, householders, both husband and wife should wish to see one another in this very life and in the life to come, and both are of equal faith, virtue, generosity, and wisdom, then they see one another in this very life and in the life to come.”

ပတ္တကမ္မဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Meritorious Deeds

အာနဏျသုခသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Happiness of Debtlessness

ပု – ပတ္တကမ္မဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.46] ပန အာဝုသော ဒုတိယံ အာနဏျသုခသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Chapter on Meritorious Deeds, where, regarding whom, and how was the second Discourse on the Happiness of Debtlessness spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ပတ္တကမ္မဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.47] ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယံ အာနဏျသုခသုတ္တံ သာဝတ္ထိယံ အနာထပိဏ္ဍိကံ ဂဟပတိံ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘စတ္တာရိမာနိ ဂဟပတိ သုခါနိ အဓိဂမနီယာနိ ဂိဟိနာ ကာမဘောဂိနာ ကာလေန ကာလံ သမယေန သမယံ ဥပါဒါယ. ကတမာနိ စတ္တာရိ, အတ္ထိသုခံ ဘောဂသုခံ အနဏျသုခံ အနဝဇ္ဇသုခ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Meritorious Deeds, the second Discourse on the Happiness of Debtlessness was spoken by the Blessed One at Sāvatthī, concerning the householder Anāthapiṇḍika, beginning: “Householder, these four kinds of happiness are attainable by a householder who enjoys sensual pleasures, from time to time, on occasion. Which four? The happiness of possession, the happiness of enjoyment, the happiness of debtlessness, and the happiness of blamelessness.”

အာနဏျသုခံ [Pg.50] ဉတွာန, အထော အတ္ထိသုခံ ပရံ;

ဘုဉ္ဇံ ဘောဂသုခံ မစ္စော, တတော ပညာ ဝိပဿတိ;

ဝိပဿမာနော ဇာနာတိ, ဥဘော ဘာဂေ သုမေဓသော;

အနဝဇ္ဇသုခဿေတံ, ကလံ နာဂ္ဃတိ သောဠသိံ–

Having known the happiness of debtlessness, and then the happiness of possession, a mortal enjoying the happiness of enjoyment then sees with wisdom. Seeing wisely, the wise one knows both aspects. This does not equal a sixteenth part of the happiness of blamelessness.

အပ္ပဏ္ဏကဝဂ္ဂ

The Appaṇṇaka Chapter

သပ္ပုရိသသုတ္တ

The Discourse on a Good Person

ပု – အပဏ္ဏကဝဂ္ဂေ ပန အာဝုသော တတိယံ သပ္ပုရိသသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Appaṇṇaka Chapter, how was the third Discourse on a Good Person spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – အပဏ္ဏကဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.51] ဘန္တေ တတိယံ သပ္ပုရိသသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတူဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော အသပ္ပုရိသော ဝေဒိတဗ္ဗော. ကတမေဟိ စတူဟိ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ အသပ္ပုရိသော ယော ဟောတိ ပရဿ အဝဏ္ဏော တံ အပုဋ္ဌောပိ ပါတု ကရောတိ ကော ပန ဝါဒေါ ပုဋ္ဌဿာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Appaṇṇaka Chapter, the third Discourse on a Good Person was spoken by the Blessed One beginning: “Monks, an ignoble person is to be understood by four qualities. Which four? Here, monks, an ignoble person, even when unasked, reveals another’s dispraise; what need to mention it when asked?”

အဓုနာဂတဝဓုကာသမေန [Pg.55] စေတသာ ဝိဟရိဿာမ’’ –

“We will dwell with minds like a newly arrived bride.”

အစိန္တေယျသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Unthinkable

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ အစိန္တေယျသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the seventh Discourse on the Unthinkable spoken by the Blessed One there?

ဝိ – သတ္တမံ ဘန္တေ အစိန္တေယျသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ အစိန္တေယျာနိ န စိန္တေတဗ္ဗာနိ, ယာနိ စိန္တေန္တော ဥမ္မာဒဿ ဝိဃာတဿ ဘာဂီ အဿ. ကတမာနိ စတ္တာရိ, ဗုဒ္ဓါနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဗုဒ္ဓဝိသယော အစိန္တေယျော န စိန္တေတဗ္ဗော, ယံ စိန္တေန္တော ဥမ္မာဒဿ ဝိဃာတဿ ဘာဂီ အဿာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the seventh Discourse on the Unthinkable was spoken by the Blessed One beginning: “Monks, there are these four unthinkables that should not be pondered, for whoever ponders them would partake of madness and vexation. What four? The range of the Buddhas, monks, is an unthinkable that should not be pondered, for whoever ponders it would partake of madness and vexation…”

မစလဝဂ္ဂ

The Macala Chapter

တမောတမသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Darkness to Darkness

ပု – မစလဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.57] ပန အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ တမောတမသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Macala Chapter, how was the fifth Discourse on Darkness to Darkness spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – မစလဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဉ္စမံ တမောတမသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, တမောတမပရာယဏော, တမောဇောတိပရာယဏော, ဇောတိတမပရာယဏော, ဇောတိဇောတိပရာယဏော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Amacala Chapter, the fifth Discourse on Darkness was spoken by the Blessed One beginning: “Monks, these four types of individuals are found existing in the world. What four? One headed for darkness from darkness, one headed for light from darkness, one headed for darkness from light, and one headed for light from light…”

အသုရဝဂ္ဂ

The Asura Chapter

အသုရသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Asuras

ပု – တေနာဝုသော [Pg.61] ဘဂဝတာ…ပေ… သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေန အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ စတုက္ကနိပါတေ အသုရဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမံ အသုရသုတ္တံ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the first Discourse on Asuras spoken by the Blessed One, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fours, in the Asura Chapter?

ဝိ – အသုရဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ အသုရသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, အသုရော အသုရပရိဝါရော, အသုရော ဒေဝပရိဝါရော, ဒေဝေါ အသုရပရိဝါရော, ဒေဝေါ ဒေဝပရိဝါရော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Asura Chapter, the first Discourse on Asuras was spoken by the Blessed One beginning: “Monks, these four types of individuals are found existing in the world. What four? An asura with an asura retinue, an asura with a deva retinue, a deva with an asura retinue, and a deva with a deva retinue.”

သမာဓိသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Concentration

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.64] အာဝုသော စတုတ္ထံ သမာဓိသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the fourth Discourse on Concentration spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိ – စတုတ္ထံ ဘန္တေ သမာဓိသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော လာဘီ ဟောတိ အဇ္ဈတ္တံ စေတောသမထဿ န လာဘီ အဓိပညာဓမ္မဝိပဿနာယ. ဣဓ ပန ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလော လာဘီ ဟောတိ အဓိပညာဓမ္မဝိပဿနာယ, န လာဘီ အဇ္ဈတ္တံ စေတောသမထဿ. ဣဓ ပန ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော န စေဝ လာဘီ ဟောတိ အဇ္ဈတ္တံ စေတောသမထဿ, န စ လာဘီ အဓိပညာဓမ္မဝိပဿနာယ. ဣဓ ပန ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ပုဂ္ဂလော လာဘီ စေဝ ဟောတိ အဇ္ဈတ္တံ စေတောသမထဿ, လာဘီ စ အဓိပညာဓမ္မဝိပဿနာယာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the fourth Discourse on Concentration was spoken by the Blessed One beginning: “Monks, these four types of individuals are found existing in the world. What four? Here, monks, a certain person attains internal serenity of mind but does not attain higher wisdom through insight into phenomena. Here, another person attains higher wisdom through insight into phenomena but does not attain internal serenity of mind. Here, another person attains neither internal serenity of mind nor higher wisdom through insight into phenomena. And here, another person attains both internal serenity of mind and higher wisdom through insight into phenomena…”

ရာဂဝိနယသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Subduing of Lust

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.68] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ ရာဂဝိနယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the sixth Discourse on the Subduing of Lust spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိ – ဆဋ္ဌံ ဘန္တေ ရာဂဝိနယသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, အတ္တဟိတာယ ပဋိပန္နော နော ပရဟိတာယ, ပရဟိတာယ ပဋိပန္နော နော အတ္တဟိတာယ, နေဝတ္တဟိတာယ ပဋိပန္နော နော ပရဟိတာယ, အတ္တဟိတာယ စေဝ ပဋိပန္နော ပရဟိတာယ စာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the sixth Discourse on the Subduing of Lust was spoken by the Blessed One thus: 'Monks, there are these four persons found existing in the world. Which four? One who practices for his own welfare but not for the welfare of others; one who practices for the welfare of others but not for his own welfare; one who practices neither for his own welfare nor for the welfare of others; and one who practices both for his own welfare and for the welfare of others.'

ဝလာဟကဝဂ္ဂ

The Cloud Chapter

ပဌမဝလာဟကသုတ္တ

The First Discourse on Clouds

ပု – ဝလာဟကဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.71] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ ဝလာဟကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Cloud Chapter, where, concerning whom, and how was the first Discourse on Clouds spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ သမ္ဗဟုလေ ဘိက္ခူ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝလာဟကာ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဂဇ္ဇိတာ နော ဝဿိတာ, ဝဿိတာ နော ဂဇ္ဇိတာ, နေဝ ဂဇ္ဇိတာ နော ဝဿိတာ, ဂဇ္ဇိတာ စ ဝဿိတာ စ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ စတ္တာရော ဝလာဟကာ. ဧဝမေဝ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ စတ္တာရော ဝလာဟကူပမာ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇာမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဂဇ္ဇိတာ နော ဝဿိတာ, ဝဿိတာ နော ဂဇ္ဇိတာ, နေဝ ဂဇ္ဇိတာ နော ဝဿိတာ, ဂဇ္ဇိတာ စ ဝဿိတာ စာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, it was at Sāvatthī, concerning several monks. 'Monks, there are these four clouds. Which four? One that thunders but does not rain; one that rains but does not thunder; one that neither thunders nor rains; and one that both thunders and rains. These, monks, are the four clouds. Just so, monks, there are these four persons comparable to clouds found existing in the world. Which four? One who thunders but does not rain; one who rains but does not thunder; one who neither thunders nor rains; and one who both thunders and rains.' Thus was it spoken by the Blessed One.

ဥဒကရဟဒသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Pool of Water

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.73] အာဝုသော စတုတ္ထံ ဥဒကရဟဒသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the fourth Discourse on the Pool of Water spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – စတုတ္ထ ဘန္တေ ဥဒကရဟဒသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဥဒကရဟဒါ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဥတ္တာနော ဂမ္ဘီရောဘာသော, ဂမ္ဘီရော ဥတ္တာနောဘာသော, ဥတ္တာနော ဥတ္တာနောဘာသော, ဂမ္ဘီရော ဂမ္ဘီရောဘာသော, ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ စတ္တာရော ဥဒကရဟဒါ. ဧဝမေဝ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ စတ္တာရော ဥဒကရဟဒူပမာ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဥတ္တာနော ဂမ္ဘီရောဘာသော, ဂမ္ဘီရော ဥတ္တာနောဘာသော, ဥတ္တာနော ဥတ္တာနောဘာသော, ဂမ္ဘီရော ဂမ္ဘီရောဘာသော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the fourth Discourse on the Pool of Water was spoken by the Blessed One thus: 'Monks, there are these four pools of water. Which four? A shallow one that appears deep; a deep one that appears shallow; a shallow one that appears shallow; and a deep one that appears deep. These, monks, are the four pools of water. In the same way, monks, there are these four persons comparable to pools of water found existing in the world. Which four? One who is shallow but appears deep; one who is deep but appears shallow; one who is shallow and appears shallow; and one who is deep and appears deep.'

မူသိကသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Mouse

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.76] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ မူသိကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the seventh Discourse on the Mouse spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – သတ္တမံ ဘန္တေ မူသိကသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတဿော ဣမာ ဘိက္ခဝေ မူသိကာ. ကတမာ စတဿော, ဂါဓံ ကတ္တာ နော ဝသိတာ, ဝသိတာ နော ဂါဓံ ကတ္တာ, နေဝ ဂါဓံ ကတ္တာ နော ဝသိတာ, ဂါဓံ ကတ္တာ စ ဝသိတာ စ. ဣမာ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ စတဿော မူသိကာ. ဧဝမေဝ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ စတ္တာရော မူသိကူပမာ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိံ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဂါဓံ ကတ္တာ နော ဝသိတာ, ဝသိတာ နော ဂါဓံ ကတ္တာ, နေဝ ဂါဓံ ကတ္တာ နော ဝသိတာ, ဂါဓံ ကတ္တာ စ ဝသိတာ စာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the seventh Discourse on the Mouse was spoken by the Blessed One thus: 'Monks, there are these four mice. Which four? One that digs a burrow but does not dwell in it; one that dwells in a burrow but does not dig it; one that neither digs a burrow nor dwells in it; and one that both digs a burrow and dwells in it. These, monks, are the four mice. In the same way, monks, there are these four persons comparable to mice found existing in the world. Which four? One who digs a burrow but does not dwell in it; one who dwells in a burrow but does not dig it; one who neither digs a burrow nor dwells in it; and one who both digs a burrow and dwells in it.'

ဗလီဗဒ္ဓသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Ox

ပု – သံဂီတာပိ [Pg.79] အာဝုသော အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယတော ကာနိစိ သုတ္တာနိ ဥဒ္ဓရိတွာ ပဋိပုစ္ဆိဿာမိ ဗဟုဇနဿ သုတဝုဍ္ဎိယာ. သံဂီတေ အာဝုသော အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ စတုက္ကနိပါတေ ဝလာဟကဝဂ္ဂေ အဋ္ဌမံ ဗလီဗဒ္ဓသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, I will extract some discourses from the Aṅguttara Nikāya and ask about them to increase the learning of many people. In the collected Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of the Fours, in the Cloud Chapter, how was the eighth Discourse on the Ox spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ဝလာဟကဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ အဋ္ဌမံ ဗလီဗဒ္ဓသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဗလီဗဒ္ဓါ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, သဂဝစဏ္ဍော နော ပရဂဝစဏ္ဍော, ပရဂဝစဏ္ဍော နော သဂဝစဏ္ဍော, သဂဝစဏ္ဍော စ ပရဂဝစဏ္ဍော စ, နေဝ သဂဝစဏ္ဍော နော ပရဂဝစဏ္ဍော. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ စတ္တာရော ဗလီဗဒ္ဓါ. ဧဝမေဝ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ စတ္တာရော ဗလီဗဒ္ဓူပမာ ပုဂ္ဂလာ သန္တော သံဝိဇ္ဇမာနာ လောကသ္မိ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Cloud Chapter, the eighth Discourse on the Ox was spoken by the Blessed One thus: 'Monks, there are these four oxen. Which four? One fierce towards its own herd but not fierce towards other herds; one fierce towards other herds but not fierce towards its own herd; one fierce towards its own herd and fierce towards other herds; and one neither fierce towards its own herd nor fierce towards other herds. These, monks, are the four oxen. In the same way, monks, there are these four persons comparable to oxen found existing in the world.'

ကေသိသုတ္တ

The Discourse with Kesi

ပု – ကေသိဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.82] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ ကေသိသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Kesi Chapter, regarding whom, on what subject, and in what manner was the first Discourse with Kesi spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ကေသိံ ဘန္တေ အဿဒမ္မသာရထိံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ကေသိ ဘန္တေ အဿဒမ္မသာရထိ ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘ဘဂဝါ ပန ဘန္တေ အနုတ္တရော ပုရိသဒမ္မသာရထိ, ကထံ ပန ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝါ ပုရိသဒမ္မံ ဝိနေတီ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘အဟံ ခေါ ကေသိ ပုရိသဒမ္မံ သဏှေနပိ ဝိနေမိ, ဖရုသေနပိ ဝိနေမိ, သဏှဖရုသေနပိ ဝိနေမိ. တတြိဒံ ကေသိ သဏှသ္မိံ – ဣတိ ကာယသုစရိတံ ဣတိ ကာယသုစရိတဿ ဝိပါကော, ဣတိ ဝစီသုစရိတံ ဣတိ ဝစီသုစရိတဿ [Pg.83] ဝိပါကော, ဣတိ မနောသုစရိတံ ဣတိ မနောသုစရိတဿ ဝိပါကော, ဣတိ ဒေဝါ ဣတိ မနုဿာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, this was spoken concerning Kesi, the horse trainer. Venerable sir, Kesi the horse trainer said this to the Blessed One: 'Venerable sir, the Blessed One is the unsurpassed trainer of persons to be tamed. How, venerable sir, does the Blessed One train a person to be tamed?' On that matter, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus: 'I, Kesi, train a person to be tamed sometimes gently, sometimes harshly, and sometimes both gently and harshly. Here, Kesi, is the gentle way: thus is good bodily conduct, thus the result of good bodily conduct; thus is good verbal conduct, thus the result of good verbal conduct; thus is good mental conduct, thus the result of good mental conduct; thus are gods, thus are humans.'

‘‘တွံ ခေါသိ ကေသိ ပညာတော အဿဒမ္မသာရထီတိ, ကထံ ပန တွံ ကေသိ အဿဒမ္မသာရထိ’’ –

'You, Kesi, are a renowned horse trainer. But how do you, Kesi, train a horse to be tamed?'

‘‘အဟံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ အဿဒမ္မံ သဏှေနပိ ဝိနေမိ, ဖရုသေနပိ ဝိနေမိ, သဏှဖရုသေနပိ ဝိနေမိ’’ –

'Venerable sir, I train a horse to be tamed sometimes with gentleness, sometimes with harshness, and sometimes with both gentleness and harshness.'

‘‘သစေ [Pg.84] တေ ကေသိ အဿဒမ္မော သဏှေန ဝိနယံ န ဥပေတိ, ဖရုသေန ဝိနယံ န ဥပေတိ, သဏှဖရုသေန ဝိနယံ န ဥပေတိ, ကိန္တိ နံ ကရောသိ’’ –

'If, Kesi, a horse to be tamed does not submit to training by gentleness, nor by harshness, nor by both gentleness and harshness, what do you do with it?'

‘‘ဘဂဝါ ပန ဘန္တေ အနုတ္တရော ပုရိသဒမ္မသာရထိ, ကထံ ပန ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝါ ပုရိသဒမ္မံ ဝိနေတိ’’ –

“But, venerable sir, the Blessed One is the unsurpassed trainer of persons to be tamed. How, venerable sir, does the Blessed One train a person to be tamed?”

န ၀.၀၀၈၇ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတော ပါဏာတိပါတော ကပ္ပတိ, အထ စ ပန ဘဂဝါ ဧဝမာဟ ‘‘ဟနာမိ နံ ကေသီ’’တိ.

“Venerable sir, the taking of life is not approved of by the Blessed One, yet the Blessed One says, ‘I will subdue him, Kesi.’”

အတ္တာနုဝါဒသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Self-Recrimination

ပု – ဘယဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.89] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ အတ္တာနုဝါဒသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

“But, friend, how was the first Discourse on Self-Recrimination in the Chapter on Fears spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိ – ဘယဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ အတ္တာနုဝါဒသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘယာနိ. ကတမာနိ စတ္တာရိ, အတ္တာနုဝါဒဘယံ ပရာနုဝါဒဘယံ ဒဏ္ဍဘယံ ဒုဂ္ဂတိဘယ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

“Venerable sir, the first Discourse on Self-Recrimination in the Chapter on Fears was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Monks, there are these four fears. Which four? The fear of self-recrimination, the fear of others’ recrimination, the fear of punishment, and the fear of a bad destination.’”

ဓမ္မကထိကသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Dhamma Speaker

ပု – ဣဒါနိ [Pg.92] အာဝုသော ဗဟုဇနဿ သုတဝုဍ္ဎိယာ သံဂီတာ အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယတောပိ ကာနိစိ သုတ္တာနိ ဥဒ္ဓရိတွာ ပဋိပုစ္ဆိဿာမိ, သံဂီတေ အာဝုသော အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ စတုက္ကနိပါတေ ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ နဝမံ ဓမ္မကထိကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

“Friend, now for the increase of many people’s learning, I will extract some suttas from the compiled Aṅguttara Nikāya and question you about them. Friend, in the compiled Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fours, in the Chapter on Persons, how was the ninth Discourse on the Dhamma Speaker spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိ – ပုဂ္ဂလဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ နဝမံ ဓမ္မကထိကသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မကထိကာ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဧကစ္စော ဓမ္မကထိကော အပ္ပဉ္စ ဘာသတိ အသဟိတဉ္စ, ပရိသာ စဿ န ကုသလာ ဟောတိ သဟိတာသဟိတဿ. ဧဝရူပေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မကထိကော ဧဝရူပါယ ပရိသာယ ဓမ္မကထိကောတွေဝ သင်္ခံ ဂစ္ဆတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

“Venerable sir, the ninth Discourse on the Dhamma Speaker in the Chapter on Persons was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Monks, there are these four kinds of Dhamma speakers. Which four? Here, monks, a certain Dhamma speaker speaks little and incoherently, and his audience is not skilled in what is coherent or incoherent. Such a Dhamma speaker, monks, is reckoned simply as a Dhamma speaker for such an audience.’”

ရောဂသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Illness

ပု – ဣန္ဒြိယဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.95] ပန အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ ရောဂသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

“Friend, how was the seventh Discourse on Illness in the Chapter on Faculties spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိ – သတ္တမံ ဘန္တေ ရောဂသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဒွေမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ရောဂါ. ကတမေ ဒွေ, ကာယိကော စ ရောဂေါ, စေတသိကော စ ရောဂေါ. ဒိဿန္တိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သတ္တာ ကာယိကေန ရောဂေန ဧကမ္ပိ ဝဿံ အာရောဂျံ ပဋိဇာနမာနာ ဒွေပိ ဝဿာနိ တီဏိပိ ဝဿာနိ စတ္တာရိပိ ဝဿာနိ ပဉ္စပိ ဝဿာနိ ဒသပိ ဝဿာနိ ဝီသမ္ပိ ဝဿာနိ တိံသမ္ပိ ဝဿာနိ စတ္တာရီသမ္ပိ ဝဿာနိ ပညာသမ္ပိ ဝဿာနိ အာရောဂျံ ပဋိဇာနမာနာ ဝဿသတမ္ပိ ဘိယျောပိ အာရောဂျံ ပဋိဇာနမာနာ. တေ ဘိက္ခဝေ သတ္တာ သုဒုလ္လဘာ လောကသ္မိံ, ယေ စေတသိကေန ရောဂေန မုဟုတ္တမ္ပိ အာရောဂျံ ပဋိဇာနန္တိ အညတြ ခီဏာသဝေဟီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

“Venerable sir, the seventh Discourse on Illness was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Monks, there are these two kinds of illness. Which two? Bodily illness and mental illness. Monks, beings are seen who claim to be healthy, free from bodily illness for one year, two years, three years, four years, five years, ten years, twenty years, thirty years, forty years, fifty years, even a hundred years or more. But, monks, those beings are very rare in the world who claim to be healthy, free from mental illness even for a moment, except for those whose taints are destroyed.’”

စတ္တာရောမေ ၀.၀၀၉၆ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဗ္ဗဇိတဿ ရောဂါ.

“Monks, these are the four illnesses of a renunciate.”

ယုဂနဒ္ဓသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Yoking

ပု – ပဋိပဒါဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.98] အာဝုသော ဒသမံ ယုဂနဒ္ဓသုတ္တံ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကေန ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

“Friend, in the Chapter on Practice, the tenth, the Discourse on Yoking—where, concerning whom, by whom, and how was it spoken?”

ဝိ – ကောသမ္ဗိယံ ဘန္တေ သမ္ဗဟုလေ ဘိက္ခူ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘ယော ဟိ ကောစိ အာဝုသော ဘိက္ခု ဝါ ဘိက္ခုနီ ဝါ မမ သန္တိကေ အရဟတ္တပ္ပတ္တိံ ဗျာကရောတိ, သဗ္ဗော သော စတူဟိ မဂ္ဂေဟိ ဧတေသံ ဝါ အညတရေနာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ အာယသ္မတာ အာနန္ဒတ္ထေရေန ဓမ္မဘဏ္ဍာဂါရိကေန ဘာသိတံ.

“Venerable sir, it was spoken at Kosambī concerning several bhikkhus, by the Venerable Ānanda, the Treasurer of the Dhamma, beginning thus: ‘Friend, any bhikkhu or bhikkhunī who declares the attainment of arahantship in my presence, all of them do so by means of one or another of these four paths.’”

ပါဋိဘောဂသုတ္တ

The Discourse on a Guarantor

ပု – ဗြာဟ္မဏဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.101] ပန အာဝုသော ဒုတိယံ ပါဋိဘောဂသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

“Friend, how was the second Discourse on a Guarantor in the Chapter on Brahmins spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိ – ဗြာဟ္မဏဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယံ ပါဋိဘောဂသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတုန္နံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာနံ နတ္ထိ ကောစိ ပါဋိဘောဂေါ သမဏော ဝါ ဗြာဟ္မဏော ဝါ ဒေဝေါ ဝါ မာရော ဝါ ဗြဟ္မာ ဝါ ကောစိ ဝါ လောကသ္မိ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

“Venerable sir, the second Discourse on a Guarantor in the Chapter on Brahmins was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Monks, for these four things there is no guarantor—no ascetic, brahmin, god, Māra, Brahmā, or anyone in the world.’”

သုတသုတ္တ

The Discourse on What Is Heard

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.103] အာဝုသော တတိယံ သုတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

“Friend, in that same place, where, concerning whom, on what basis, and how was the third Discourse on What Is Heard spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိ – ရာဇဂဟေ ဘန္တေ ဝဿကာရံ ဗြာဟ္မဏံ မဂဓမဟာမတ္တံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ဝဿကာရော ဘန္တေ ဗြာဟ္မဏော မဂဓမဟာမတ္တော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘အဟဉှိ ဘော ဂေါတမ ဧဝံဝါဒီ ဧဝံဒိဋ္ဌိ ယော ကောစိ ဒိဋ္ဌံ ဘာသတိ ‘ဧဝံ မေ ဒိဋ္ဌ’န္တိ, နတ္ထိ တတော ဒေါသော. ယော ကောစိ သုတံ ဘာသတိ ‘ဧဝံ မေ သုတ’န္တိ, နတ္ထိ တတော ဒေါသော’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘နာဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ သဗ္ဗံ ဒိဋ္ဌံ ‘ဘာသိတဗ္ဗ’န္တိ ဝဒါမိ, န ပနာဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ သဗ္ဗံ ဒိဋ္ဌံ ‘န ဘာသိတဗ္ဗ’န္တိ ဝဒါမိ, နာဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ သဗ္ဗံ သုတံ ‘ဘာသိတဗ္ဗ’န္တိ ဝဒါမိ, န ပနာဟံ ဗြာဟ္မဏ သဗ္ဗံ သုတံ ‘န ဘာသိတဗ္ဗ’န္တိ ဝဒါမီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

“Venerable sir, it was spoken at Rājagaha concerning the brahmin Vassakāra, the chief minister of Magadha. The brahmin Vassakāra, the chief minister of Magadha, said this to the Blessed One: ‘Master Gotama, I am one who speaks and holds this view: “Whatever one speaks of as seen, saying, ‘Thus I have seen,’ there is no fault in that. Whatever one speaks of as heard, saying, ‘Thus I have heard,’ there is no fault in that.”’ On that matter, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke beginning thus: ‘Brahmin, I do not say that everything seen should be spoken of, nor, brahmin, do I say that everything seen should not be spoken of. I do not say, brahmin, that everything heard should be spoken of, nor, brahmin, do I say that everything heard should not be spoken of.’”

အဘယသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Fearlessness

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.106] အာဝုသော စတုက္ကနိပါတေ ဗြာဟ္မဏဝဂ္ဂေ စတုတ္ထံ အဘယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

“Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fours, in the Chapter on Brahmins, concerning whom, on what matter, and how was the fourth Discourse on Fearlessness spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိ – ဗြာဟ္မဏဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ စတုတ္ထံ အဘယသုတ္တံ ဇာဏုဿောဏိံ ဗြာဟ္မဏံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ဇာဏုဿောဏိ ဘန္တေ ဗြာဟ္မဏော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘နတ္ထိ ယော မရဏဓမ္မော သမာနော န ဘာယတိ, န သန္တာသံ အာပဇ္ဇတိ မရဏဿာ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘အတ္ထိ ဗြာဟ္မဏ မရဏဓမ္မော သမာနော ဘာယတိ, သန္တာသံ အာပဇ္ဇတိ မရဏဿ. အတ္ထိ ပန ဗြာဟ္မဏ မရဏဓမ္မော သမာနော န ဘာယတိ, န သန္တာသံ အာပဇ္ဇတိ မရဏဿာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

“Venerable sir, the fourth Discourse on Fearlessness in the Chapter on Brahmins was spoken concerning the brahmin Jāṇussoṇi. The brahmin Jāṇussoṇi said this to the Blessed One: ‘There is no one subject to death who does not fear or become terrified of death.’ On that matter, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke beginning thus: ‘Brahmin, there is one subject to death who fears and becomes terrified of death. But, brahmin, there is also one subject to death who does not fear or become terrified of death.’”

သောတာနုဂတသုတ္တ

The Discourse on What is Learned by Hearing

ပု – မဟာဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.113] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ သောတာနုဂတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

“Friend, in the Great Chapter, how was the first Discourse on What is Learned by Hearing spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိ – မဟာဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ သောတာနုဂတသုတ္တံ ‘‘သောတာနုဂတာနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာနံ ဝစသာ ပရိစိတာနံ မနသာနုပေက္ခိတာနံ ဒိဋ္ဌိယာ သုပ္ပဋိဝိဒ္ဓါနံ စတ္တာရော အာနိသံသာ ပါဋိကင်္ခါ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

“Venerable sir, in the Great Chapter, the first Discourse on What is Learned by Hearing was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Monks, four benefits are to be expected for teachings that have been learned by hearing, verbally recited, mentally examined, and thoroughly penetrated by view.’”

အယံ [Pg.115] ဝါ သော ဓမ္မဝိနယော, ယတ္ထာဟံ ပုဗ္ဗေ ဗြဟ္မစရိယံ အစရိံ.

This is that Dhamma and Discipline in which I formerly led the holy life.

ဘဒ္ဒိယသုတ္တ

The Bhaddiya Sutta

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.118] အာဝုသော စတုက္ကနိပါတေ မဟာဝဂ္ဂေ တတိယံ ဘဒ္ဒိယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

“Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fours, in the Great Chapter, the third Bhaddiya Sutta: where, concerning whom, on what subject, and how was it spoken by the Blessed One?”

ဝိ – ဝေသာလိယံ ဘန္တေ ဘဒ္ဒိယံ လိစ္ဆဝိ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ဘဒ္ဒိယော ဘန္တေ လိစ္ဆဝိ ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘သုတံ မေတံ ဘန္တေ ‘မာယာဝီ သမဏော ဂေါတမော အာဝဋ္ဋနိံ မာယံ ဇာနာတိ, ယာယ အညတိတ္ထိယာနံ သာဝကေ အာဝဋ္ဋေတီ’တိ. ယေ တေ ဘန္တေ ဧဝမာဟံသု ‘မာယာဝီ သမဏော ဂေါတမော အာဝဋ္ဋနိံ မာယံ ဇာနာတိ, ယာယ အညတိတ္ထိယာနံ သာဝကေ အာဝဋ္ဋေတီ’တိ…ပေ… အနဗ္ဘက္ခာတုကာမာ [Pg.119] ဟိ မယံ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝန္တ’’န္တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ဧထ တုမှေ ဘဒ္ဒိယ မာ အနုဿဝေန မာ ပရမ္ပရာယ မာ ဣတိကိရာယ မာ ပိဋကသမ္ပဒါနေန မာ တက္ကဟေတု မာ နယဟေတု မာ အာကာရဝိတက္ကေန မာ ဒိဋ္ဌိနိဇ္ဈာနက္ခန္တိယာ မာ ဘဗ္ဗရူပတာယ မာ သမဏော နော ဂရူတိ. ယဒါ တုမှေ ဘဒ္ဒိယ အတ္တနာဝ ဇာနေယျာထ ‘ဣမေ ဓမ္မာ အကုသလာ, ဣမေ ဓမ္မာ သာဝဇ္ဇာ, ဣမေ ဓမ္မာ ဝိညူ ဂရဟိတာ, ဣမေ ဓမ္မာ သမတ္တာ သမာဒိန္နာ အဟိတာယ ဒုက္ခာယ သံဝတ္တန္တီ’တိ. အထ တုမှေ ဘဒ္ဒိယ ပဇဟေယျာထာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, it was spoken in Vesālī concerning Bhaddiya the Licchavi. Bhaddiya the Licchavi, venerable sir, said this to the Blessed One: “Venerable sir, I have heard this: ‘The ascetic Gotama is a conjurer; he knows a conjuring trick by which he entices the disciples of other sects.’ Those, venerable sir, who say this—‘The ascetic Gotama is a conjurer; he knows a conjuring trick by which he entices the disciples of other sects’… we do not wish to misrepresent the Blessed One.” On that occasion, venerable sir, in regard to this matter, the Blessed One spoke beginning thus: “Come, Bhaddiya, do not go by oral tradition, by lineage of teaching, by hearsay, by what is in a scripture collection, by logical reasoning, by inferential thought, by considering appearances, by agreement with a considered opinion, by seeming possibility, or because you think, ‘The ascetic is our teacher.’ When you know for yourselves, Bhaddiya, ‘These things are unwholesome, these things are blameworthy, these things are censured by the wise, these things, when undertaken and practiced, lead to harm and suffering,’ then you should abandon them.”

ပု – ဣမိဿာ [Pg.126] စ ပန အာဝုသော ဒေသနာယ ဒေသိတာယ ဘဒ္ဒိယဿ လိစ္ဆဝိဿ ကီဒိသော ဓမ္မသဝနာနိသံသော အဓိဂတော. ကထဉ္စ နံ ဘဂဝါ အနုယုဉ္ဇိတွာ တံ ဝစနံ ဝိနိဝေဌေသိ.

Pu – And what benefit, friend, did Bhaddiya the Licchavi gain from hearing this teaching? And how, by questioning him, did the Blessed One unravel that statement?

ဝိ – ဣမိဿာ ဘန္တေ ဓမ္မဒေသနာယ ဒေသိတာယ ဘဒ္ဒိယဿ လိစ္ဆဝိဿ သောတာပတ္တိဖလသင်္ခါတော ဓမ္မသဝနာနိသံသော အဓိဂတော. အပိ နု တာဟံ ဘဒ္ဒိယ ဧဝံ အဝစံ ‘‘ဧဟိ မေ တွံ ဘဒ္ဒိယ သာဝကော ဟောဟိ, အဟံ သတ္ထာ ဘဝိဿာမီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ စ နံ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝါ ပဋိပုစ္ဆိတွာ အနုယုဉ္ဇိတွာ တံ ဝစနံ ဝိနိဝေဌေသိ.

Vi – Venerable sir, by this teaching that was delivered, Bhaddiya the Licchavi attained the benefit of hearing the Dhamma, namely, the fruit of stream-entry. And did I say to you, Bhaddiya, “Come, Bhaddiya, be my disciple, I will be your teacher”? Thus, venerable sir, the Blessed One questioned him back, interrogated him, and clarified that statement.

မလ္လိကာဒေဝီသုတ္တ

The Discourse to Queen Mallikā

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.129] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ မလ္လိကာဒေဝီသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, right there, the seventh discourse, the Discourse to Queen Mallikā: where, concerning whom, on what subject, and how was it spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ မလ္လိကာဒေဝိံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. မလ္လိကာ ဘန္တေ ဒေဝီ ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘ကော နု ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဟေတု ကော ပစ္စယော, ယေန မိဓေကစ္စော မာတုဂါမော ဒုဗ္ဗဏ္ဏာ စ ဟောတိ ဒုရူပါ သုပါပိကာ ဒဿနာယ, ဒလိဒ္ဒါ စ ဟောတိ အပ္ပဿကာ အပ္ပဘောဂါ အပ္ပေသက္ခာ စ…ပေ… ကော ပန ဘန္တေ ဟေတု ကော ပစ္စယော, ယေန မိဓေကစ္စော မာတုဂါမော အဘိရူပါ စ ဟောတိ ဒဿနီယာ ပါသာဒိကာ ပရမာယ ဝဏ္ဏပေါက္ခရတာယ သမန္နာဂတာ, အဍ္ဎာ စ ဟောတိ မဟဒ္ဓနာ မဟာဘောဂါ မဟေသက္ခာ စာ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ဣဓ မလ္လိကေ မာတုဂါမော ကောဓနာ ဟောတိ ဥပါယာသဗဟုလာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, it was spoken in Sāvatthī concerning Queen Mallikā. Queen Mallikā, venerable sir, said this to the Blessed One: “Venerable sir, what is the cause, what is the reason, whereby a certain woman here is ugly, ill-favored, unpleasant to look at, poor, with little wealth, few possessions, and of little influence?... But what, venerable sir, is the cause, what is the reason, whereby a certain woman here is beautiful, lovely, pleasing, endowed with surpassing beauty, wealthy, with great riches, abundant possessions, and of great influence?” On that occasion, venerable sir, in regard to this matter, the Blessed One spoke beginning thus: “Here, Mallikā, a woman is prone to anger and frequent irritation.”

ဒသကမ္မသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Ten Actions

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.134] အာဝုသော စတုက္ကနိပါတေ သပ္ပုရိသဝဂ္ဂေ စတုတ္ထံ ဒသကမ္မသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fours, in the Chapter on the Good Person, the fourth discourse, the Discourse on Ten Actions: how was it spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – သပ္ပုရိသဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.135] ဘန္တေ စတုတ္ထံ ဒသကမ္မသုတ္တံ ‘‘အသပ္ပုရိသဉ္စ ဝေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒေသေဿာမိ အသပ္ပုရိသေန အသပ္ပုရိသတရဉ္စ သပ္ပုရိသဉ္စ သပ္ပုရိသေန သပ္ပုရိသတရဉ္စ, တံ သုဏာထ သာဓုကံ မနသိ ကရောထာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on the Good Person, the fourth discourse, the Discourse on Ten Actions, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, I will teach you about the ignoble person and one more ignoble than the ignoble person, and about the noble person and one more noble than the noble person. Listen to that and attend carefully.”

ပရိသာသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Assembly

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.137] အာဝုသော ပရိသာဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမံ ပရိသာသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, right there, in the Chapter on Assemblies, the first discourse, the Discourse on the Assembly: how was it spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ပရိသာဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ ပရိသာသုတ္တံ ‘‘စတ္တာရောမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပရိသဒူသနာ. ကတမေ စတ္တာရော, ဘိက္ခု ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒုဿီလော ပါပဓမ္မော ပရိသဒူသနော, ဘိက္ခုနီ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒုဿီလာ ပါပဓမ္မာ ပရိသဒူသနာ, ဥပါသကော ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒုဿီလော ပါပဓမ္မော ပရိသဒူသနော, ဥပါသိကာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒုဿီလာ ပါပဓမ္မာ ပရိသဒူသနာ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ စတ္တာရော ပရိသဒူသနာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Assemblies, the first discourse, the Discourse on the Assembly, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, there are these four defilers of an assembly. Which four? A monk, monks, who is immoral and of bad character is a defiler of an assembly; a nun, monks, who is immoral and of bad character is a defiler of an assembly; a male lay follower, monks, who is immoral and of bad character is a defiler of an assembly; a female lay follower, monks, who is immoral and of bad character is a defiler of an assembly. These, monks, are the four defilers of an assembly.”

သေခဗလဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on the Powers of a Trainee

သံခိတ္တသုတ္တ

The Brief Discourse

ပု – ပဉ္စကနိပါတေ [Pg.139] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမေ သေခဗလဝဂ္ဂေ ပဌမံ သံခိတ္တသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, in the Book of Fives, in the first chapter, on the Powers of a Trainee, the first discourse, the Brief Discourse: where, concerning whom, and how was it spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ သမ္ဗဟုလေ ဘိက္ခူ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သေခဗလာနိ. ကတမာနိ ပဉ္စ, သဒ္ဓါဗလံ ဟိရီဗလံ ဩတ္တပ္ပဗလံ ဝီရိယဗလံ ပညာဗလံ. ဣမာနိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ သေခဗလာနီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, at Sāvatthī, concerning a number of monks, it was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Monks, there are these five powers of a trainee. Which five? The power of faith, the power of conscience, the power of prudence, the power of energy, and the power of wisdom. These, monks, are the five powers of a trainee.’

ဒုက္ခသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Suffering

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.140] အာဝုသော တတိယံ ဒုက္ခသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, how was the third discourse, the Discourse on Suffering, spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိ – တတိယံ ဘန္တေ ဒုက္ခသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ဘိက္ခု ဒိဋ္ဌေဝ ဓမ္မေ ဒုက္ခံ ဝိဟရတိ သဝိဃာတံ သဥပါယာသံ သပရိဠာဟံ ကာယဿ စ ဘေဒါ ပရံ မရဏာ ဒုဂ္ဂတိ ပါဋိကင်္ခါ. ကတမေဟိ ပဉ္စဟိ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု အသဒ္ဓေါ ဟောတိ အဟိရိကော ဟောတိ, အနောတ္တပ္ပီ ဟောတိ, ကုသီတော ဟောတိ, ဒုပ္ပညော ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, the third discourse, the Discourse on Suffering, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Monks, a monk endowed with five qualities dwells in suffering in this very life—with distress, with despair, and with burning—and on the breakup of the body, after death, a bad destination is to be expected. With which five? Here, monks, a monk is faithless, shameless, without fear of wrongdoing, lazy, and unwise.’

သမာပတ္တိသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Attainments

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.142] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ သမာပတ္တိသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, how was the sixth discourse, the Discourse on Attainments, spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိ – ဆဋ္ဌံ ဘန္တေ သမာပတ္တိသုတ္တံ ‘‘န တာဝ ဘိက္ခဝေ အကုသလဿ သမာပတ္တိ ဟောတိ, ယာဝ သဒ္ဓါ ပစ္စုပဋ္ဌိတာ ဟောတိ ကုသလေသု ဓမ္မေသု. ယတော စ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ သဒ္ဓါ အန္တရဟိတာ ဟောတိ အသဒ္ဓိယံ ပရိယုဋ္ဌာယ တိဋ္ဌတိ, အထ အကုသလဿ သမာပတ္တိ ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, the sixth discourse, the Discourse on Attainments, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Monks, there is no attainment of the unwholesome so long as faith is present in wholesome qualities. But when, monks, faith has disappeared and faithlessness has arisen and beset the mind, then the attainment of the unwholesome occurs.’

ကာမသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Sensual Pleasures

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.143] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ ကာမသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, how was the seventh discourse, the Discourse on Sensual Pleasures, spoken by the Blessed One there?

ဝိ – သတ္တမံ ဘန္တေ ကာမသုတ္တံ ‘‘ယေဘုယျေန ဘိက္ခဝေ သတ္တာ ကာမေသု လဠိတာ. အသိတဗျာဘင်္ဂိံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ကုလပုတ္တော ဩဟာယ အဂါရသ္မာ အနဂါရိယံ ပဗ္ဗဇိတော ဟောတိ, သဒ္ဓါပဗ္ဗဇိတော ကုလပုတ္တောတိ အလံ ဝစနာယာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, the seventh discourse, the Discourse on Sensual Pleasures, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘For the most part, monks, beings are fond of sensual pleasures. When a clansman, having given up the sickle and carrying pole, has gone forth from the household life into homelessness—it is enough to call him a clansman gone forth out of faith.’

ဝိမုတ္တာယတနသုတ္တ

The Discourse on the Grounds for Deliverance

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.146] ပဉ္စကနိပါတေ ပဉ္စင်္ဂိကဝဂ္ဂေ ဆဋ္ဌံ ဝိမုတ္တာယတနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – In the Aṅguttara Nikāya, Book of the Fives, in the Chapter on Five Factors, how was the sixth discourse, the Discourse on the Grounds for Deliverance, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ပဉ္စင်္ဂိကဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဆဋ္ဌံ ဝိမုတ္တာယတနသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝိမုတ္တာယတနာနိ, ယတ္ထ ဘိက္ခုနော အပ္ပမတ္တဿ အာတာပိနော ပဟိတတ္တဿ ဝိဟရတော အဝိမုတ္တံ ဝါ စိတ္တံ ဝိမုစ္စတိ, အပရိက္ခီဏာ ဝါ အာသဝါ ပရိက္ခယံ ဂစ္ဆန္တိ, အနနုပ္ပတ္တံ ဝါ အနုတ္တရံ ယောဂက္ခေမံ အနုပါပုဏာတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Five Factors, the sixth discourse, the Discourse on the Grounds for Deliverance, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Monks, there are these five grounds for deliverance where, for a monk dwelling heedful, ardent, and resolute, the unliberated mind becomes liberated, the unexhausted taints come to exhaustion, and the unattained supreme security from bondage is attained.’

စင်္ကမသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Walking Meditation

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.150] အာဝုသော နဝမံ စင်္ကမသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, how was the ninth discourse, the Discourse on Walking Meditation, spoken by the Blessed One in that very place?

ဝိ – နဝမံ ဘန္တေ စင်္ကမသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ စင်္ကမေ အာနိသံသာ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, အဒ္ဓါနက္ခမော ဟောတိ, ပဓာနက္ခမော ဟောတိ, အပ္ပာဗာဓော [Pg.151] ဟောတိ, အသိတံ ပီတံ ခါယိတံ သာယိတံ သမ္မာ ပရိဏာမံ ဂစ္ဆတိ, စင်္ကမာဓိဂတော သမာဓိ စိရဋ္ဌိတိကော ဟောတိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ စင်္ကမေ အာနိသံသာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the ninth, the Discourse on Walking Meditation: 'Monks, there are these five benefits of walking meditation. What five? One becomes fit for long journeys, fit for striving, and has little illness; what is eaten, drunk, chewed, and tasted is properly digested; and the concentration attained through walking meditation is long-lasting. These, monks, are the five benefits of walking meditation.' Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One.

သုမနသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Sumanā

ပု – သုမနဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.152] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ သုမနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

But regarding the first Sumanā Sutta in the Sumanāvagga, friend, where, concerning whom, on what occasion, and how was it spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – သာဝတ္ထိယံ ဘန္တေ သုမနံ ရာဇကုမာရိံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. သုမနာ ဘန္တေ ရာဇကုမာရီ ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘ဣဓဿု ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတော ဒွေ သာဝကာ သမသဒ္ဓါ သမသီလာ သမပညာ ဧကော ဒါယကော ဧကော အဒါယကော. တေ ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံ မရဏာ သုဂတိံ သဂ္ဂံ လောကံ ဥပပဇ္ဇေယျုံ. ဒေဝဘူတာနံ ပန နေသံ ဘန္တေ သိယာ ဝိသေသော သိယာ နာနာကရဏ’’န္တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ယော သော သုမနေ ဒါယကော, သော အမှံ အဒါယကံ ဒေဝဘူတော သမာနော ပဉ္စဟိ ဌာနေဟိ အဓိဂဏှာတိ, ဒိဗ္ဗေန အာယုနာ ဒိဗ္ဗေန ဝဏ္ဏေန ဒိဗ္ဗေန သုခေန ဒိဗ္ဗေန ယသေန ဒိဗ္ဗေန အာဓိပတေယျေန. ယော သော သုမနေ ဒါယကော, သော အမှံ အဒါယကံ ဒေဝဘူတော သမာနော ဣမေဟိ ပဉ္စဟိ ဌာနေဟိ အဓိဂဏှာတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, this was spoken at Sāvatthī concerning Princess Sumanā. Princess Sumanā, venerable sir, said this to the Blessed One: ‘Here, venerable sir, are two disciples of the Blessed One, equal in faith, equal in virtue, and equal in wisdom—one a giver, one a non-giver. Both, on the breakup of the body, after death, are reborn in a good destination, in a heavenly world. But, venerable sir, would there be any distinction or difference between them once they have become devas?’ On this matter, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke beginning thus: ‘Sumanā, that giver, having become a deva, surpasses the non-giver in five respects: with divine lifespan, divine beauty, divine happiness, divine fame, and divine sovereignty. Sumanā, that giver, having become a deva, surpasses the non-giver in these five respects.’ In this way, and so on, venerable sir, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

‘‘ယထာပိ [Pg.156] စန္ဒော ဝိမလော, ဂစ္ဆံ အာကာသဓာတုယာ;

သဗ္ဗေ တာရာဂဏေ လောကေ, အာဘာယ အတိရောစတိ;

တထေဝ သီလသမ္ပန္နော, သဒ္ဓေါ ပုရိသပုဂ္ဂလော;

သဗ္ဗေ မစ္ဆရိနော လောကေ, စာဂေန အတိရောစတိ’’–

“Just as the spotless moon, travelling through the sphere of space, outshines all the hosts of stars with its radiance in the world, so too a person consummate in virtue, a faithful individual, outshines all the stingy with generosity.”

ဥဂ္ဂဟသုတ္တ

The Discourse to Uggaha

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ အာဝုသော တတိယံ ဥဂ္ဂဟသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, where, concerning whom, in reference to what matter, and how was the third Discourse to Uggaha spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – တတိယံ ဘန္တေ ဥဂ္ဂဟသုတ္တံ ဘဒ္ဒိယေ ဥဂ္ဂဟံ မေဏ္ဍကနတ္တာရံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. ဥဂ္ဂဟော ဘန္တေ မေဏ္ဍကနတ္တာ ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘ဣမာ မေ ဘန္တေ ကုမာရိယော ပတိကုလာနိ ဂမိဿန္တိ, ဩဝဒတု တာသံ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝါ, အနုသာသတု တာသံ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝါ, ယံ တာသံ အဿ ဒီဃရတ္တံ ဟိတာယ သုခါယာ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘တသ္မာတိဟ ကုမာရိယော ဧဝံ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗံ’’ ယဿ ဝေါ မာတာပိတရော ဘတ္တုနော ဒဿန္တိ အတ္ထကာမာ ဟိတေသိနော အနုကမ္ပကာ အနုကမ္ပံ ဥပါဒါယ, တဿ ဘဝိဿာမ ပုဗ္ဗုဋ္ဌာယိနော [Pg.157] ပစ္ဆာနိပါတိနိယော ကိံ ကာရပဋိဿာဝိနိယော မနာပစာရိနိယော ပိယဝါဒိနိယော’တိ. ဧဝဉှိ ဝေါ ကုမာရိယော သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the third Discourse to Uggaha was spoken in Bhaddiya concerning Uggaha, Meṇḍaka’s grandson. Uggaha, Meṇḍaka’s grandson, venerable sir, said this to the Blessed One: ‘Venerable sir, these young women of mine will go to their husbands’ families. May the Blessed One advise them, may the Blessed One instruct them as to what will be for their long-term welfare and happiness.’ On that occasion, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke beginning thus: ‘Therefore, young women, you should train yourselves thus: “To whichever husband our parents give us—desiring our welfare, seeking our good, and compassionate, acting out of compassion—for him we will be ones who rise up early and go to bed late, be willing workers, conducting ourselves agreeably and speaking endearingly.” Thus, young women, you should train yourselves.’ In this way, and so on, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

သီဟသေနာပတိသုတ္တ

The Discourse to Sīha the General

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.160] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စကနိပါတေ သုမနဝဂ္ဂေ စတုတ္ထံ သီဟသေနာပတိသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of the Fives, in the Sumanā Chapter, regarding the fourth discourse, the Sīhasenāpati Sutta: where was it spoken by the Blessed One, concerning whom, in reference to what matter, and how was it spoken?

ဝိ – ဝေသာလိယံ ဘန္တေ သီဟံ သေနာပတိံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. သီဟော ဘန္တေ သေနာပတိ ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘သက္ကာ နု ခေါ ဘန္တေ သန္ဒိဋ္ဌိကံ ဒါနဖလံ ပညာပေတု’’န္တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘သက္ကာ သီဟ, ဒါယကော သီဟ ဒါနပတိ ဗဟုနော ဇနဿ ပိယော ဟောတိ မနာပေါ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, this was spoken at Vesālī concerning General Sīha. Venerable sir, General Sīha said this to the Blessed One: ‘Is it possible, venerable sir, to point out a visible fruit of giving?’ On that occasion, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke beginning thus: ‘It is possible, Sīha. A giver, Sīha, a benefactor, is dear and agreeable to many people.’ In this way, and so on, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

ကာလဒါနသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Seasonable Giving

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.164] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ ကာလဒါနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the sixth Discourse on Seasonable Giving spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – ဆဋ္ဌံ [Pg.165] ဘန္တေ ကာလဒါနသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ကာလဒါနာနိ. ကတမာနိ ပဉ္စ, အာဂန္တုကဿ ဒါနံ ဒေတိ, ဂမိကဿ ဒါနံ ဒေတိ, ဂိလာနဿ ဒါနံ ဒေတိ, ဒုဗ္ဘိက္ခေ ဒါနံ ဒေတိ, ယာနိ တာနိ နဝသဿာနိ နဝဖလာနိ, တာနိ ပဌမံ သီလဝန္တေသု ပတိဋ္ဌာပေတိ. ဣမာနိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ ကာလဒါနာနီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the sixth Discourse on Seasonable Giving was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five seasonable gifts. What five? One gives a gift to a newcomer; one gives a gift to one who is departing; one gives a gift to one who is sick; one gives a gift in a time of famine; and whatever new grain and new fruits there are, one first establishes them for the virtuous. These, bhikkhus, are the five seasonable gifts.’ In this way, and so on, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

ဘောဇနသုတ္တ

The Discourse on a Meal

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.166] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ ဘောဇနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the seventh Discourse on a Meal spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – သတ္တမံ ဘန္တေ ဘောဇနသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဘောဇနံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဒဒမာနော ဒါယကော ပဋိဂ္ဂါဟကာနံ ပဉ္စ ဌာနာနိ ဒေတိ. ကတမာနိ ပဉ္စ, အာယုံ ဒေတိ, ဝဏ္ဏံ ဒေတိ, သုခံ ဒေတိ, ဗလံ ဒေတိ, ပဋိဘာနံ ဒေတိ. အာယုံ ခေါ ပန ဒတွာ အာယုဿ ဘာဂီ ဟောတိ ဒိဗ္ဗဿ ဝါ မာနုသဿ ဝါ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the seventh Discourse on a Meal was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Bhikkhus, by giving a meal, a donor gives five things to the recipients. What five? He gives life, beauty, happiness, strength, and eloquence. Having given life, he becomes a partaker of life, whether divine or human.’ In this way, and so on, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

ပုတ္တသုတ္တ

The Discourse on a Son

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.167] အာဝုသော နဝမံ ပုတ္တသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the ninth Discourse on a Son spoken by the Blessed One right there?

ဝိ – နဝမံ ဘန္တေ ပုတ္တသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဌာနာနိ သမ္ပဿန္တော မာဘာပိတရော ပုတ္တံ ဣစ္ဆန္တိ ကုလေ ဇာယမာနံ. ကတမာနိ ပဉ္စ,

Venerable sir, the ninth Discourse on a Son was spoken thus: ‘Bhikkhus, considering five things, parents wish for a son to be born in their family. What five?

ဘတော [Pg.168] ဝါ နော ဘရိဿတိ, ကိစ္စံ ဝါ နော ကရိဿတိ, ကုလဝံသော စိရံ ဌဿတိ, ဒါယဇ္ဇံ ပဋိပဇ္ဇိဿတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

‘“Having been supported by us, he will support us in turn; he will do our work for us; our family lineage will long endure; he will manage the inheritance.”’ In this way, and so on, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

နာရဒသုတ္တ

The Nārada Sutta

ပု – မုဏ္ဍရာဇဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.169] ပနာဝုသော ဒသမံ နာရဒသုတ္တံ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကေန ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the King Muṇḍa Chapter, the tenth discourse, the Nārada Sutta: where was it spoken, concerning whom, in reference to what matter, by whom, and how was it spoken?

ဝိ – ပါဋလိပုတ္တေ ဘန္တေ မုဏ္ဍံ ရာဇာနံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. မုဏ္ဍဿ ဘန္တေ ရညော ဘဒ္ဒါ ဒေဝီ ကာလင်္ကတာ ဟောတိ ပိယာ မနာပါ. သော ဘဒ္ဒါယ ဒေဝိယာ ကာလင်္ကတာယ ပိယာယ မနာပါယ နေဝ နှာယတိ န ဝိလိမ္ပတိ န ဘတ္တံ ဘုဉ္ဇတိ, န ကမ္မန္တံ ပယောဇေတိ, ရတ္တိန္ဒိဝံ ဘဒ္ဒါယ ဒေဝိယာ သရီရေ အဇ္ဈောမုစ္ဆိတော. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ မဟာရာဇ အလဗ္ဘနီယာနိ ဌာနာနိ သမဏေန ဝါ ဗြာဟ္မဏေန ဝါ ဒေဝေန ဝါ မာရေန ဝါ ဗြဟ္မုနာ ဝါ ကေနစိ ဝါ လောကသ္မိ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ အာယသ္မတာ နာရဒတ္ထေရေန ရညော ပသေနဒိဿ ကောသလဿ ဘဂဝတာ ဒေသိတနိယာမေန ဒေသိတံ.

Venerable sir, this was spoken at Pāṭaliputta concerning King Muṇḍa. Venerable sir, King Muṇḍa’s dear and beloved queen, Bhaddā, had passed away. Since his dear and beloved Queen Bhaddā had passed away, he did not bathe, anoint himself, eat a meal, or attend to his duties; day and night, he remained infatuated with Queen Bhaddā’s corpse. On that occasion, venerable sir, the Venerable Elder Nārada taught King Muṇḍa in accordance with the principle that the Blessed One had proclaimed to King Pasenadi of Kosala, beginning: ‘Great king, these five things are unobtainable by any ascetic or brahmin, by a deva, Māra, or Brahmā, or by anyone in the world.’

ကော [Pg.175] နာမော အယံ ဘန္တေ ဓမ္မပရိယာယော.

What, venerable sir, is the name of this Dhamma exposition?

တဂ္ဃ ဘန္တေ သောကသလ္လဟရဏော.

Indeed, venerable sir, it is the ‘Removal of the Arrow of Sorrow’.

သမယသုတ္တ

The Samaya Sutta

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.176] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စကနိပါတေ နီဝရဏဝဂ္ဂေ စတုတ္ထံ သမယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fives, in the Nīvaraṇavagga, how was the fourth Samaya Sutta spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – နီဝရဏဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ စတုတ္ထံ သမယသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ အသမယာ ပဓာနာယ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု ဇိဏ္ဏော ဟောတိ ဇရာယာဘိဘူတော. အယံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဌမော အသမယော ပဓာနာယာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Nīvaraṇavagga, the fourth Samaya Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, these five are unsuitable times for striving. What five? Here, monks, a monk is old, overcome by old age. This, monks, is the first unsuitable time for striving.” In this way, and so on, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

ဌာနသုတ္တ

The Ṭhāna Sutta

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.180] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ ဌာနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the seventh Ṭhāna Sutta spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိ – သတ္တမံ ဘန္တေ ဌာနသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဌာနာနိ အဘိဏှံ ပစ္စဝေက္ခိတဗ္ဗာနိ ဣတ္ထိယာ ဝါ ပုရိသေန ဝါ ဂဟဋ္ဌေန ဝါ ပဗ္ဗဇိတေန ဝါ. ကတမာနိ ပဉ္စ, ဇရာဓမ္မောမှိ ဇရံ အနတီတောတိ အဘိဏှံ ပစ္စဝေက္ခိတဗ္ဗံ ဣတ္ထိယာ ဝါ ပုရိသေန ဝါ ဂဟဋ္ဌေန ဝါ ပဗ္ဗဇိတေန ဝါ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the seventh Ṭhāna Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, these five things should be often reflected upon by a woman or a man, a householder or one gone forth. What are the five? ‘I am of a nature to age, I have not gone beyond aging’—this should be often reflected upon by a woman or a man, a householder or one gone forth.”

ဓမ္မဝိဟာရီသုတ္တ

The Dhammavihārī Sutta

ပု – ယောဓာဇီဝဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.185] ပနာဝုသော တတိယံ ဓမ္မဝိဟာရိသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the third Dhammavihārī Sutta in the Yodhājīvavagga spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ယောဓာဇီဝဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ တတိယံ ဓမ္မဝိဟာရိသုတ္တံ ‘‘ဣဓ ဘိက္ခု ဘိက္ခု ဓမ္မံ ပရိယာပုဏာတိ သုတ္တံ ဂေယျံ ဝေယျာကရဏံ ဂါထံ ဥဒါနံ ဒုတိဝုတ္တကံ ဇာတကံ အဗ္ဘုတဓမ္မံ ဝေဒလ္လံ, သော တာယ ဓမ္မပရိယတ္တိယာ ဒိဝသံ အတိနာမေတိ, ရိဉ္စတိ ပဋိသလ္လာနံ, နာနုယုဉ္ဇတိ အဇ္ဈတ္တံ စေတောသမထံ. အယံ ဝုစ္စတိ ဘိက္ခု ဘိက္ခု ပရိယတ္တိဗဟုလော နော ဓမ္မဝိဟာရီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Yodhājīvavagga, the third Dhammavihārī Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Here, a monk learns the Dhamma—discourses, mixed prose and verse, expositions, verses, inspired utterances, ‘as it was said’ discourses, birth stories, amazing phenomena, and questions and answers. He spends the day with that learning of the Dhamma, neglects seclusion, and does not apply himself to internal serenity of mind. This monk is called one who is much occupied with learning, not a dweller in the Dhamma.”

ဓမ္မဝိဟာရီ ဓမ္မဝိဟာရီတိ ဘန္တေ ဝုစ္စတိ, ကိတ္တာဝတာ နု ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘိက္ခု ဓမ္မဝိဟာရီ ဟောတိ.

“‘A dweller in the Dhamma, a dweller in the Dhamma,’ venerable sir, it is said. To what extent, venerable sir, is a monk a dweller in the Dhamma?”

ဒုတိယအနာဂတဘယသုတ္တ

The Second Discourse on Future Dangers

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.188] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စကနိပါတေ ယောဓာဇီဝဝဂ္ဂေ အဋ္ဌမံ ဒုတိယအနာဂတဘယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fives, in the Yodhājīva Vagga, how was the eighth, the Second Discourse on Future Dangers, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ယောဓာဇီဝဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ အဋ္ဌမံ ဒုတိယအနာဂတဘယသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ အနာဂတဘယာနိ သမ္ပဿမာနေန အလမေဝ ဘိက္ခုနာ အပ္ပမတ္တေန အာတာပိနာ ပဟိတတ္တေန ဝိဟရိတုံ အပ္ပတ္တဿ ပတ္တိယာ အနဓိဂတဿ အဓိဂမာယ အသစ္ဆိကတဿ သစ္ဆိကိရိယာယာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Yodhājīva Vagga, the eighth, the Second Discourse on Future Dangers, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, seeing these five future dangers, it is quite enough for a monk to dwell heedful, ardent, and resolute for the attainment of the unattained, the achievement of the unachieved, the realization of the unrealized.”

တတိယအနာဂတဘယသုတ္တ

The Third Discourse on Future Dangers

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.193] အာဝုသော နဝမံ တတိယအနာဂတဘယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the ninth, the Third Discourse on Future Dangers, spoken by the Blessed One in that same place?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ နဝမံ ကတိယအနာဂတဘယသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ အနာဂတဘယာနိ ဧတရဟိ အသမုပ္ပန္နာနိ အာယတိံ သမုပ္ပဇ္ဇိဿန္တိ, တာနိ ဝေါ ပဋိဗုဇ္ဈိတဗ္ဗာနိ, ပဋိဗုဇ္ဈိတွာ စ တေသံ ပဟာနာယ ဝါယမိတဗ္ဗံ. ကတမာနိ ပဉ္စ, ဘဝိဿန္တိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ အနာဂတမဒ္ဓါနံ အဘာဝိတကာယာ အဘာဝိတသီလာ အဘာဝိတစိတ္တာ အဘာဝိတပညာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in that same place, the ninth, the Third Discourse on Future Dangers, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, these five future dangers, not arisen at present, will arise in the future. You should awaken to them and, having awakened to them, strive for their abandonment. What are the five? There will be monks in the future who are uncultivated in body, uncultivated in virtue, uncultivated in mind, uncultivated in wisdom.”

စတုတ္ထအနာဂတဘယသုတ္တ

The Fourth Discourse on Future Dangers

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.199] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စကနိပါတေ ယောဓာဇီဝဝဂ္ဂေ ဒသမံ စတုတ္ထအနာဂတဘယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fives, in the Yodhājīva Vagga, how was the tenth, the Fourth Discourse on Future Dangers, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ယောဓာဇီဝဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဒသမံ စတုတ္ထအနာဂတဘယသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ အနာဂတဘယာနိ ဧတရဟိ အသမုပ္ပန္နာနိ အာယတိံ သမုပ္ပဇ္ဇိဿန္တိ, တာနိ ဝေါ ပဋိဗုဇ္ဈိတဗ္ဗာနိ, ပဋိဗုဇ္ဈိတွာ စ တေသံ ပဟာနာယ ဝါယမိတဗ္ဗ’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Yodhājīva Vagga, the tenth, the Fourth Discourse on Future Dangers, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, these five future dangers, not arisen at present, will arise in the future. You should awaken to them and, having awakened to them, strive for their abandonment.”

ကကုဓဝဂ္ဂ

The Kakudha Vagga

သီဟသုတ္တ

The Lion Sutta

ပု – ကကုဓဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.202] အာဝုသော နဝမံ သီဟသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the ninth Lion Sutta in the Kakudha Vagga spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ကကုဓဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ နဝမံ သီဟသုတ္တံ ‘‘သီဟော ဘိက္ခဝေ မိဂရာဇာ သာယနှသမယံ အာသယာ နိက္ခမတိ, အာသယာ နိက္ခမိတွာ ဝိဇမ္ဘတိ, ဝိဇမ္ဘိတွာ သမန္တာ စတုဒ္ဒိသံ အနုဝိလောကေတိ, သမန္တာ စတုဒ္ဒိသံ အနုဝိလောကေတွာ တိက္ခတ္တုံ သီဟနာဒံ နဒတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Kakudha Vagga, the ninth, the Lion Sutta, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, the lion, the king of beasts, emerges from his lair in the evening. Having emerged from his lair, he yawns, surveys the four directions all around, and then roars his lion’s roar three times.”

အန္ဓကဝိန္ဒဝဂ္ဂ

The Andhakavinda Vagga

ကုလူပကသုတ္တ

The Kulūpaka Sutta

ပု – အန္ဓကဝိန္ဒဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.204] ပန အာဝုသော ‘‘ပဌမံ ကုလူပကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Andhakavinda Vagga, how was the first Kulūpaka Sutta spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – အန္ဓကဝိန္ဒဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ ကုလူပကသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ကုလူပကော ဘိက္ခု ကုလေသု အပ္ပိယော စ ဟောတိ အမနာပေါ စ အဂရု စ အဘာဝနီယော စာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Andhakavinda Vagga, the first Kulūpaka Sutta was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: “Monks, a monk who is a frequenter of families, endowed with five qualities, becomes unloved, disagreeable, unrespected, and unvenerated among those families.”

အန္ဓကဝိန္ဒသုတ္တ

At Andhakavinda

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.206] အာဝုသော စတုတ္ထံ အန္ဓကဝိန္ဒသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in that same chapter, where, concerning whom, and how was the fourth sutta, At Andhakavinda, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – မဂဓေသု ဘန္တေ အန္ဓကဝိန္ဒေ အာယသ္မန္တံ အာနန္ဒံ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘ယေ တေ အာနန္ဒ ဘိက္ခူ နဝါ အစိရပဗ္ဗဇိတာ အဓုနာဂတာ ဣမံ ဓမ္မဝိနယံ, တေ ဝေါ အာနန္ဒ ဘိက္ခူ ပဉ္စသု ဓမ္မေသု သမာဒပေတဗ္ဗာ နိဝေသေတဗ္ဗာ ပတိဋ္ဌာပေတဗ္ဗာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, at Andhakavinda among the Magadhans, concerning the Venerable Ānanda, the Blessed One spoke beginning with these words: “Ānanda, those bhikkhus who are new, recently gone forth, newly come to this Dhamma and Discipline—you should encourage them, settle them, and establish them in five things.”

ဂိလာနဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on the Sick

သတိသူပဋ္ဌိတသုတ္တ

Well-Established Mindfulness

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.208] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စကနိပါတေ ဂိလာနဝဂ္ဂေ ဒုတိယံ သတိသူပဋ္ဌိတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the Sutta on Well-Established Mindfulness, the second discourse in the Chapter on the Sick in the Book of the Fives of the Aṅguttara Nikāya, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ဂိလာနဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယံ သတိသူပဋ္ဌိတသုတ္တံ ‘‘ယော ဟိ ကောစိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု ဝါ ဘိက္ခုနီ ဝါ ပဉ္စ ဓမ္မေ ဘာဝေတိ, ပဉ္စ ဓမ္မေ ဗဟုလီကရောတိ, တဿ ဒွိန္နံ ဖလာနံ အညတရံ ဖလံ ပါဋိကင်္ခံ ‘ဒိဋ္ဌေဝ ဓမ္မေ အညာ, သတိ ဝါ ဥပါဒိသေသေ အနာဂါမိတာ’. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခုနော အဇ္ဈတ္တညေဝ သတိသူပဋ္ဌိတာ ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the second Sutta on Well-Established Mindfulness in the Chapter on the Sick was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: “Bhikkhus, for any bhikkhu or bhikkhunī who develops and cultivates five things, one of two fruits is to be expected: either final knowledge in this very life or, if there is a remnant of clinging, non-returning. What five? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu has mindfulness well established internally.”

ဥပဋ္ဌာကသုတ္တ

An Attendant

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.209] အာဝုသော တတိယံ ဥပဋ္ဌာကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the third sutta, on an Attendant, spoken by the Blessed One in that same chapter?

ဝိ – တတိယံ [Pg.210] ဘန္တေ ဥပဋ္ဌာကသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ဂိလာနော ဒူပဋ္ဌာကော ဟောတိ. ကတမေဟိ ပဉ္စဟိ, အသပ္ပာယကာရီ ဟောတိ, သပ္ပာယေ မတ္တံ န ဇာနာတိ, ဘေသဇ္ဇံ နပ္ပဋိသေဝိတာ ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the third sutta, on an Attendant, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: ‘Bhikkhus, a sick person endowed with five qualities is difficult to attend to. What five? He does what is unsuitable; he does not know the measure in what is suitable; and he does not take his medicine.’

အနာယုဿာသုတ္တ

Not Conducive to Long Life

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.212] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ အနာယုဿာသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the fifth sutta, on what is Not Conducive to Long Life, spoken by the Blessed One in that same chapter?

ဝိ – ပဉ္စမံ ဘန္တေ အနာယုဿာသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ အနာယုဿာ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, အသပ္ပာယကာရီ ဟောတိ, သပ္ပာယေ မတ္တံ န ဇာနာတိ, အပရိဏတဘောဇီ စ ဟောတိ, အကာလစာရီ စ ဟောတိ, အဗြဟ္မစာရီ စ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ ဓမ္မာ အနာယုဿာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the fifth sutta, on what is Not Conducive to Long Life, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: ‘Bhikkhus, these five things are not conducive to long life. What five? One does what is unsuitable; one does not know the measure in what is suitable; one eats undigested food; one wanders about at the wrong time; and one is unchaste. These, bhikkhus, are the five things that are not conducive to long life.’

သမဏသုခသုတ္တ

A Recluse’s Happiness

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.213] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမံ သမဏသုခသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the eighth sutta, on a Recluse’s Happiness, spoken by the Blessed One there?

ဝိ – အဋ္ဌမံ ဘန္တေ သမဏသုခသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သမဏဒုက္ခာနိ. ကတမာနိ ပဉ္စ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခု အသန္တုဋ္ဌော ဟောတိ ဣတရီတရေန စီဝရေန, အသန္တုဋ္ဌော ဟောတိ ဣတရီတရေန ပိဏ္ဍပါတေန, အသန္တုဋ္ဌော ဟောတိ ဣတရီတရေန သေနာသနေန, အသန္တုဋ္ဌော ဟောတိ ဣတရီတရေန ဂိလာနပစ္စယဘေသဇ္ဇပရိက္ခာရေန, အနဘိရတော စ ဗြဟ္မစရိယံ စရတိ. ဣမာနိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ သမဏဒုက္ခာနီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the eighth sutta, on a Recluse’s Happiness, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five kinds of suffering for a recluse. What five? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu is discontented with any kind of robe, discontented with any kind of almsfood, discontented with any kind of lodging, discontented with any kind of medicinal requisites for the sick, and he leads the holy life without delight. These, bhikkhus, are the five kinds of suffering for a recluse.’

ဗျသနသုတ္တ

Misfortunes

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.215] အာဝုသော ဒသမံ ဗျသနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, how was the tenth sutta, on Misfortunes, spoken by the Blessed One there?

ဝိ – ဒသမံ ဘန္တေ ဗျသနသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဗျသနာနိ. ကတမာနိ ပဉ္စ, ဉာတိဗျသနံ ဘောဂဗျသနံ ရောဂဗျသနံ သီလဗျသနံ ဒိဋ္ဌိဗျသန’’န္တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, the tenth sutta, on Misfortunes, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five misfortunes. What five? The misfortune of relatives, the misfortune of wealth, the misfortune of illness, the misfortune of virtue, and the misfortune of view.’

ရာဇဝဂ္ဂ

Kings

ပတ္ထနာသုတ္တ

Aspiration

ပု – ရာဇဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.217] ပန အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ ပတ္ထနာသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Now, friend, in the Chapter on Kings, how was the sixth sutta, on Aspiration, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ရာဇဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဆဋ္ဌံ ပတ္ထနာသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ အင်္ဂေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ရညော ခတ္တိယဿ မုဒ္ဓါဝသိတ္တဿ ဇေဋ္ဌော ပုတ္တော ဩပရဇ္ဇံ ပတ္ထေတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Kings, the sixth sutta, on Aspiration, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: ‘Bhikkhus, endowed with five factors, the eldest son of an anointed khattiya king aspires to the viceroyalty.’

သပ္ပုရိသဒါနသုတ္တ

A Good Person’s Gifts

ပု – တိကဏ္ဍကီဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.221] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမံ သပ္ပုရိသဒါနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Chapter at Tikaṇḍakī, how was the eighth sutta, on a Good Person’s Gifts, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – တိကဏ္ဍကီဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ အဋ္ဌမံ သပ္ပုရိသဒါနသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာနိ ဘိက္ခဝေ သပ္ပုရိသဒါနာနိ. ကတမာနိ ပဉ္စ, သဒ္ဓါယ ဒါနံ ဒေတိ, သက္ကစ္စံ ဒါနံ ဒေတိ, ကာလေန ဒါနံ ဒေတိ, အနုဂ္ဂဟိတစိတ္တော ဒါနံ ဒေတိ, အတ္တာနဉ္စ ပရဉ္စ အနုပဟစ္စ ဒါနံ ဒေတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Chapter at Tikaṇḍakī, the eighth sutta, on a Good Person’s Gifts, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five gifts of a good person. What five? One gives a gift with faith; one gives a gift respectfully; one gives a gift at the proper time; one gives a gift with a compassionate heart; and one gives a gift without harming oneself or others.’

သဒ္ဓမ္မဝဂ္ဂ

The True Dhamma

ပဌမသမ္မတ္တနိယာမသုတ္တ

The Fixed Course of Rightness (1)

ပု – သဒ္ဓမ္မဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.224] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ သမ္မတ္တနိယာမသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Now, friend, in the Chapter on the True Dhamma, how was the first sutta, The Fixed Course of Rightness, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – သဒ္ဓမ္မဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ သမ္မတ္တနိယာမသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော သုနက္ခောပိ သဒ္ဓမ္မံ အဘဗ္ဗော နိယာမံ ဩက္ကမိတုံ ကုသလေသု ဓမ္မေသု သမ္မတ္တံ. ကတမေဟိ ပဉ္စဟိ, ကထံ ပရိဘောတိ, ကထိကံ ပရိဘောတိ, အတ္တာနံ ပရိဘောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Chapter on the True Dhamma, the first sutta, The Fixed Course of Rightness, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: ‘Bhikkhus, endowed with five qualities, even Sunakkhatta is incapable of entering the fixed course of rightness in wholesome states. What five? One disparages the teaching, one disparages the speaker, and one disparages oneself.’

ပဌမသဒ္ဓမ္မသမ္မောသသုတ္တ

The First Discourse on the Confusion of the True Dhamma

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.226] အာဝုသော စတုတ္ထံ ပဌမသဒ္ဓမ္မသမ္မောသသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, right there, how was the fourth discourse, the First Discourse on the Confusion of the True Dhamma, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ စတုတ္ထံ ပဌမသဒ္ဓမ္မသမ္မောသသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ သမ္မောသာယ အန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တန္တိ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ န သက္ကစ္စံ ဓမ္မံ သုဏန္တိ, န သက္ကစ္စံ ဓမ္မံ ပရိယာပုဏန္တိ, န သက္ကစ္စံ ဓမ္မံ ဓာရေန္တိ, န သက္ကစ္စံ ဓာတာနံ ဓမ္မာနံ အတ္ထံ ဥပပရိက္ခန္တိ, န သက္ကစ္စံ အတ္ထမညာယ ဓမ္မမညာယ ဓမ္မာနုဓမ္မံ ပဋိပဇ္ဇန္တိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ ဓမ္မာ သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ သမ္မောသာယ အန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တန္တီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, right there the fourth discourse, the First Discourse on the Confusion of the True Dhamma, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: ‘Bhikkhus, these five things lead to the confusion and disappearance of the true Dhamma. What five? Here, bhikkhus, they do not listen to the Dhamma attentively; they do not learn the Dhamma attentively; they do not retain the Dhamma attentively; they do not attentively examine the meaning of the teachings they have retained; and having understood the meaning and the teaching, they do not practice attentively in accordance with the Dhamma. These, bhikkhus, are the five things that lead to the confusion and disappearance of the true Dhamma.’

ဒုတိယသဒ္ဓမ္မသမ္မောသသုတ္တ

The Second Discourse on the Confusion of the True Dhamma

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.228] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ ဒုတိယသဒ္ဓမ္မသမ္မောသသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, right there, how was the fifth discourse, the Second Discourse on the Confusion of the True Dhamma, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ပဉ္စမံ ဒုတိယသဒ္ဓမ္မသမ္မောသသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ သမ္မောသာယ အန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တန္တိ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ ဓမ္မံ န ပရိယာပုဏန္တိ သုတ္တံ ဂေယျံ ဝေယျာကရဏံ ဂါထံ ဥဒါနံ ဣတိဝုတ္တကံ ဇာတကံ အဗ္ဘုတဓမ္မံ ဝေဒလ္လံ. အယံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဌမော ဓမ္မော သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ သမ္မောသာယ အန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, right there the fifth discourse, the Second Discourse on the Confusion of the True Dhamma, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with these words: ‘Bhikkhus, these five things lead to the confusion and disappearance of the true Dhamma. What five? Here, bhikkhus, they do not learn the Dhamma: discourses, songs in prose and verse, expositions, verses, inspired utterances, quotations, birth stories, amazing accounts, and question-and-answer texts. This, bhikkhus, is the first thing that leads to the confusion and disappearance of the true Dhamma.’

တတိယသဒ္ဓမ္မသမ္မောသသုတ္တ

The Third Discourse on the Confusion of the True Dhamma

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.231] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ တတိယသဒ္ဓမ္မသမ္မောသသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, right there, how was the sixth discourse, the Third Discourse on the Confusion of the True Dhamma, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ ဆဋ္ဌံ တတိယသဒ္ဓမ္မသမ္မောသသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မာ သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ သမ္မောသာယ အန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တန္တိ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, ဣဓ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဘိက္ခူ ဒုဂ္ဂဟိတံ သုတ္တန္တံ ပရိယာပုဏန္တိ ဒုန္နိက္ခိတ္တဟိ ပဒဗျဉ္ဇနေဟိ. ဒုန္နိက္ခိတ္တဿ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဒဗျဉ္ဇနဿ အတ္ထောပိ ဒုန္နယော ဟောတိ. အယံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဌမော ဓမ္မော သဒ္ဓမ္မဿ သမ္မောသာယ အန္တရဓာနာယ သံဝတ္တတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, right there the sixth discourse, the Third Discourse on the Confusion of the True Dhamma, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with the words: ‘Bhikkhus, these five things lead to the confusion and disappearance of the true Dhamma. What five? Here, bhikkhus, they learn discourses that have been wrongly grasped, with poorly arranged words and phrases. When the words and phrases are poorly arranged, bhikkhus, the meaning is also wrongly inferred. This, bhikkhus, is the first thing that leads to the confusion and disappearance of the true Dhamma.’

ဒုက္ကတာသုတ္တ

The Discourse on Unpleasant Talk

ပု – အင်္ဂုတ္တရနိကာယေ [Pg.237] အာဝုသော ပဉ္စကနိပါတေ သဒ္ဓမ္မဝဂ္ဂေ သတ္တမံ ဒုက္ကထာသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, in the Book of Fives, in the Chapter on the True Dhamma, how was the seventh discourse, the Discourse on Unpleasant Talk, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – သဒ္ဓမ္မဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ သတ္တမံ ဒုက္ကထာသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စန္နံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလာနံ ကထာ ဒုက္ကထာ ပုဂ္ဂလေ ပုဂ္ဂလံ ဥပနိဓာယ. ကတမေသံ ပဉ္စန္နံ, အဿဒ္ဓဿ ဘိက္ခဝေ သဒ္ဓါကထာ ဒုက္ကထာ, ဒုဿီလဿ သီလကထာ ဒုက္ကထာ, အပ္ပဿုတဿ ဗာဟုသစ္စကထာ ဒုက္ကထာ, မစ္ဆရိဿ စာဂကထာ ဒုက္ကထာ, ဒုပ္ပညဿ ပညာကထာ ဒုက္ကထာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on the True Dhamma, the seventh discourse, the Discourse on Unpleasant Talk, was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with the words: ‘Bhikkhus, for five kinds of persons, talk is unpleasant. What five? For a person without faith, bhikkhus, talk about faith is unpleasant; for an immoral person, talk about virtue is unpleasant; for a person with little learning, talk about great learning is unpleasant; for a stingy person, talk about generosity is unpleasant; for a person with no wisdom, talk about wisdom is unpleasant.’

ဥဒါယီသုတ္တ

The Udāyī Sutta

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.240] အာဝုသော နဝမံ ဥဒါယိသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, in that same section, where, concerning whom, on what occasion, and how was the ninth discourse, the Udāyī Sutta, spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ကောသမ္ဗိယံ ဘန္တေ အာယသ္မန္တံ ဥဒါယိံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. အာယသ္မာ ဘန္တေ ဥဒါယီ မဟတိယာ ဂီဟိပရိသာယ ပရိဝုတော [Pg.241] ဓမ္မံ ဒေသေန္တော နိသိန္နော ဟောတိ. အဒ္ဒသာ ခေါ အာယသ္မာ အာနန္ဒော အာယသ္မန္တံ ဥဒါယိံ မဟတိယာ ဂိဟိပရိသာယ ပရိဝုတံ ဓမ္မံ ဒေသေန္တံ နိသိန္နံ. ဒိသွာ ယေန ဘဂဝါ တေနုပသင်္ကမိ, ဥပသင်္ကမိတွာ ဘဂဝန္တံ အဘိဝါဒေတွာ ဧကမန္တံ နိသီဒိ. ဧကမန္တံ နိသိန္နော ခေါ အာယသ္မာ အာနန္ဒော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘အာယသ္မာ ဘန္တေ ဥဒါယီ မဟတိယာ ဂိဟိပရိသာယ ပရိဝုတော ဓမ္မံ ဒေသေတီ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘န ခေါ အာနန္ဒ သုကရံ ပရေသံ ဓမ္မံ ဒေသေတုံ, ပရေသံ အာနန္ဒ ဓမ္မံ ဒေသေန္တေန ပဉ္စ ဓမ္မေ အဇ္ဈတ္တံ ဥပဋ္ဌာပေတွာ ပရေသံ ဓမ္မော ဒေသေတဗ္ဗော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, it was spoken at Kosambī concerning the Venerable Udāyī. The Venerable Udāyī was sitting, teaching the Dhamma, surrounded by a large assembly of householders. The Venerable Ānanda saw the Venerable Udāyī sitting and teaching the Dhamma, surrounded by a large assembly of householders. Having seen him, he went to the Blessed One, paid homage to him, and sat down to one side. Sitting to one side, the Venerable Ānanda said to the Blessed One: ‘Venerable sir, the Venerable Udāyī is teaching the Dhamma surrounded by a large assembly of householders.’ On that occasion, Venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke beginning with the words: ‘It is not easy, Ānanda, to teach the Dhamma to others. Ānanda, one who would teach the Dhamma to others should do so after having established five things in himself.’

အာဃာတဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Ill Will

ပဌမအာဃာတပဋိဝိနယသုတ္တ

The First Discourse on Removing Resentment

ပု – အာဃာတဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.243] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ အာဃာတပဋိဝိနယသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Now, friend, in the Chapter on Ill Will, how was the first discourse on removing resentment spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – အာဃာတဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ အာဃာတပဋိဝိနယသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ အာဃာတပဋိဝိနယာ, ယတ္ထ ဘိက္ခုနော ဥပ္ပန္နော အာဃာတော သဗ္ဗသော ပဋိဝိနေတဗ္ဗော. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, ယသ္မိံ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပုဂ္ဂလေ အာဃာတော ဇာယေထ, မေတ္တာ တသ္မိံ ပုဂ္ဂလေ ဘာဝေတဗ္ဗာ, ဧဝံ တသ္မိံ ပုဂ္ဂလေ အာဃာတော ပဋိဝိနေတဗ္ဗော’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Ill Will, the first discourse on removing resentment was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with the words: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five ways of removing resentment, by which a bhikkhu should completely remove any resentment that has arisen. What five? Bhikkhus, toward whatever person resentment has arisen, one should develop loving-kindness for that person. In this way, resentment for that person is to be removed.’

ဥပါသကဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Lay Followers

စဏ္ဍာလသုတ္တ

The Sutta on the Outcaste

ပု – ဥပါသကဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.245] ပန အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ စဏ္ဍာလသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Now, friend, in the Chapter on Lay Followers, how was the fifth Sutta on the Outcaste spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ဥပါသကဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဉ္စမံ စဏ္ဍာလသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော ဥပါသကော ဥပါသကစဏ္ဍာလော စ [Pg.246] ဟောတိ ဥပါသကမလဉ္စ ဥပါသကပတိကုဋ္ဌော စာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Lay Followers, the fifth Sutta on the Outcaste was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with the words: ‘Bhikkhus, a lay follower who possesses five qualities is an outcaste among lay followers, a stain among lay followers, and a pariah among lay followers.’

ပီတိသုတ္တ

The Sutta on Rapture

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.247] အာဝုသော ဆဋ္ဌံ ပီတိသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, in that same chapter, where, in reference to whom, and how was the sixth Sutta on Rapture spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ဆဋ္ဌံ ဘန္တေ ပီတိသုတ္တံ သာဝတ္ထိယံ အနာထပိဏ္ဍိကံ ဂဟပတိံ အာရဗ္ဘ ‘‘တုမှေ ခေါ ဂဟပတိ ဘိက္ခုသံဃံ ပစ္စုပဋ္ဌိတာ စီဝရ ပိဏ္ဍပါတ သေနာသန ဂိလာနပစ္စယဘေသဇ္ဇပရိက္ခာရေန[Pg.248]. န ခေါ ဂဟပတိ တာဝတကေနေဝ တုဋ္ဌိ ကရဏီယာ ‘‘မယံ ဘိက္ခုသံဃံ ပစ္စုပဋ္ဌိတာ စီဝရပိဏ္ဍပါတသေနာသနဂိလာန ပစ္စယ ဘေသဇ္ဇပရိက္ခာရေနာ’’တိ. တသ္မာတိဟ ဂဟပတိ ဧဝံ သိက္ခိတဗ္ဗံ ‘‘ကိန္ဒိ မယံ ကာလေန ကာလံ ပဝိဝေကံ ပီတိံ ဥပသမ္ပဇ္ဇ ဝိဟရေယျာမာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, the sixth Sutta on Rapture was spoken by the Blessed One at Sāvatthī in reference to the householder Anāthapiṇḍika, beginning with the words: ‘Householder, you have been attending to the Saṅgha of bhikkhus with robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicinal requisites for the sick. But, householder, you should not be satisfied with just that, thinking: “We have been attending to the Saṅgha of bhikkhus with robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicinal requisites for the sick.” Therefore, householder, you should train thus: “How might we, from time to time, enter and dwell in the rapture of seclusion?”’

ဝဏိဇ္ဇာသုတ္တ

The Sutta on Trades

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.251] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ ဝဏိဇ္ဇာသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, in that same chapter, how was the seventh Sutta on Trades spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ သတ္တမံ ဝဏိဇ္ဇာသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမာ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဝဏိဇ္ဇာ ဥပါသကေန အကရဏီယာ. ကတမာ ပဉ္စ, သတ္ထဝဏိဇ္ဇာ သတ္တဝဏိဇ္ဇာ မံသဝဏိဇ္ဇာ မဇ္ဇဝဏိဇ္ဇာ ဝိသဝဏိဇ္ဇာ. ဣမာ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ ဝဏိဇ္ဇာ ဥပါသကေန အကရဏီယာ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, in that same chapter, the seventh Sutta on Trades was spoken by the Blessed One thus: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five kinds of trade that a lay follower should not engage in. What five? Trade in weapons, trade in living beings, trade in meat, trade in intoxicants, and trade in poison. These, bhikkhus, are the five kinds of trade that a lay follower should not engage in.’ Thus, venerable sir, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

ဂဝေသီသုတ္တ

The Sutta on Gavesī

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.252] အာဝုသော ဒသမံ ဂဝေသီသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကတ္ထ ကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ကိသ္မိံ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ကထဉ္စ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, in that same chapter, where, in reference to whom, on what occasion, and how was the tenth Sutta on Gavesī spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ဒသမံ ဘန္တေ ဂဝေသီသုတ္တံ ကောသလေသု အာယသ္မန္တံ အာနန္ဒတ္ထေရံ ဓမ္မဘဏ္ဍာဂါရိကံ အာရဗ္ဘ ဘာသိတံ. အာယသ္မာ ဘန္တေ အာနန္ဒတ္ထေရော ဓမ္မဘဏ္ဍာဂါရိကော ဘဂဝန္တံ ဧတဒဝေါစ ‘‘ကော နု ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဟေတု ကော ပစ္စယော ဘဂဝတော သိတဿ ပါတုကမ္မာယ, န အကာရဏေန တထာဂတာ သိတံ ပါတုကရောန္တီ’’တိ. တသ္မိံ ဘန္တေ ဝတ္ထုသ္မိံ ‘‘ဘူတပုဗ္ဗံ အာနန္ဒ ဣမသ္မိံ ပဒေသေ နဂရံ အဟောသိ [Pg.253] ဣဒ္ဓဉ္စေဝ ဖီတဉ္စ ဗဟုဇနံ အာကိဏ္ဏမနုဿံ, တံ ခေါ ပနာနန္ဒ နဂရံ ကဿပေါ ဘဂဝါ အရဟံ သမ္မာသမ္ဗုဒ္ဓေါ ဥပနိဿာယ ဝိဟာသီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, the tenth Sutta on Gavesī was spoken in the Kosalan country in reference to the Venerable Elder Ānanda, the treasurer of the Dhamma. Venerable sir, the Venerable Elder Ānanda, the treasurer of the Dhamma, said this to the Blessed One: ‘What, venerable sir, is the cause, what is the reason for the Blessed One to smile? The Tathāgatas do not smile without a reason.’ On that occasion, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke beginning with the words: ‘Formerly, Ānanda, in this very place there was a city that was successful, prosperous, populous, and crowded with people. The Blessed One Kassapa, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, dwelt depending on that city, Ānanda.’

ဝါစာသုတ္တ

The Sutta on Speech

ပု – ဗြာဟ္မဏဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.260] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမံ ဝါစာသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, in the Chapter on Brahmins, how was the eighth Sutta on Speech spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ဗြာဟ္မဏဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ အဋ္ဌမံ ဝါစာသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတာ ဝါစာ သုဘာသိတာ ဟောတိ နော ဒုဗ္ဘာသိတာ, အနဝဇ္ဇာ စ အနနုဝဇ္ဇာ စ ဝိညူနံ. ကတမေဟိ ပဉ္စဟိ, ကာလေန ဘာသိတာ ဟောတိ, သစ္စာ စ ဘာသိတာ ဟောတိ, သဏှာ စ ဘာသိတာ ဟောတိ, အတ္ထသံဟိတာ စ ဘာသိတာ ဟောတိ, မေတ္တာစိတ္တေန စ ဘာသိတာ ဟောတိ, ဣမေဟိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စဟိ အင်္ဂေဟိ သမန္နာဂတာ ဝါစာ သုဘာသိတာ ဟောတိ နော ဒုဗ္ဘာသိတာ, အနဝဇ္ဇာ စ အနနုဝဇ္ဇာ စ ဝိညူန’’န္တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Vi – Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Brahmins, the eighth Sutta on Speech was spoken by the Blessed One thus: ‘Bhikkhus, speech endowed with five factors is well-spoken, not ill-spoken; it is blameless and not censured by the wise. What five? It is spoken at the right time; it is spoken in truth; it is spoken gently; it is spoken beneficially; and it is spoken with a mind of loving-kindness. Bhikkhus, speech endowed with these five factors is well-spoken, not ill-spoken; it is blameless and not censured by the wise.’ Thus, venerable sir, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

ကုလသုတ္တ

The Sutta on Families

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.261] အာဝုသော နဝမံ ကုလသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Pu – Friend, in that same chapter, how was the ninth Sutta on Families spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ နဝမံ ကုလသုတ္တံ ‘‘ယံ ဘိက္ခဝေ သီလဝန္တော ပဗ္ဗဇိတာ ကုလံ ဥပသင်္ကမန္တိ, တတ္ထ မနုဿာ ပဉ္စဟိ ဌာနေဟိ ဗဟုံ ပုညံ ပသဝန္တိ. ကတမေဟိ ပဉ္စဟိ, ယသ္မိံ ဘိက္ခဝေ သမယေ သီလဝန္တေ ပဗ္ဗဇိတေ ကုလံ ဥပသင်္ကမန္တေ မနုဿာ ဒိသွာ စိတ္တာနိ ပသာဒေန္တိ, သဂ္ဂသံဝတ္တနိကံ ဘိက္ခဝေ တံ ကုလံ တသ္မိံ သမယေ ပဋိပဒံ ပဋိပန္နံ ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in that same chapter, the ninth Sutta on Families was spoken by the Blessed One beginning with the words: ‘Bhikkhus, when virtuous ascetics approach a family, the people there generate much merit on five occasions. What five? Bhikkhus, on the occasion when people see virtuous ascetics approaching their family, their minds become confident. Bhikkhus, at that time that family is practicing the way that leads to heaven.’

ကိမိလဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Kimila

ဓမ္မဿဝနသုတ္တ

The Sutta on Hearing the Dhamma

ပု – ကိမိလဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.263] ပန အာဝုသော ဒုတိယံ ဓမ္မဿဝနသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Chapter on Kimila, how was the second Sutta on Hearing the Dhamma spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ကိမိလဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ဒုတိယံ ဓမ္မဿဝနသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ အာနိသံသာ ဓမ္မဿဝနေ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, အဿုတံ သုဏာတိ, သုတံ ပရိယောဒါပေတိ, ကင်္ခံ ဝိတရတိ, ဒိဋ္ဌိံ ဥဇုံ ကရောတိ, စိတ္တမဿ ပသီဒတိ, ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ အာနိသံသာ ဓမ္မဿဝနေ’’တိ ဧဝံ ခေါ ဘန္တေ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Kimila, the second Sutta on Hearing the Dhamma was spoken by the Blessed One thus: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five benefits in hearing the Dhamma. What five? One hears what one has not heard, one clarifies what one has heard, one overcomes doubt, one straightens one’s view, and one’s mind becomes confident. These, bhikkhus, are the five benefits in hearing the Dhamma.’ Thus, venerable sir, it was spoken by the Blessed One.

အက္ကောသကဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Abuse

အက္ခန္တိသုတ္တ

The Sutta on Impatience

ပု – အက္ကောသကဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.264] ပန အာဝုသော ပဉ္စမံ အက္ခန္တိသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Chapter on Abuse, how was the fifth Sutta on Impatience spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – အက္ကောသကဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဉ္စမံ အက္ခန္တိသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ အာဒီနဝါ အက္ခန္တိယာ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, ဗဟုနော ဇနဿ [Pg.265] အပ္ပိယော ဟောတိ အမနာပေါ, ဝေရဗဟုလော စ ဟောတိ, ဝဇ္ဇဗဟုလော စ, သမ္မူဠှော ကာလံ ကရောတိ, ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံ မရဏာ အပါယံ ဒုဂ္ဂတိံ ဝိနိပါတံ နိရယံ ဥပပဇ္ဇတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Abuse, the fifth Sutta on Impatience was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five dangers in impatience. What five? One is unloved and disagreeable to many people; one is full of enmity; one is full of blame; one dies bewildered; and with the breakup of the body, after death, one is reborn in a state of deprivation, a bad destination, the lower world, in hell.’

အပါသာဒိကသုတ္တ

The Sutta on the Uninspiring

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.266] အာဝုသော အဋ္ဌမံ အပါသာဒိကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in that same chapter, how was the eighth Sutta on the Uninspiring spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ အဋ္ဌမံ အပါသာဒိကသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ အာဒီနဝါ အပါသာဒိကေ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, အပ္ပသန္နာ နပ္ပသီဒန္တိ, ပသန္နာနဉ္စ ဧကစ္စာနံ အညထတ္တံ ဟောတိ, သတ္ထုသာသနံ အကတံ ဟောတိ, ပစ္ဆိမာ ဇနတာ ဒိဋ္ဌာနုဂတိံ အာပဇ္ဇတိ, စိတ္တမဿ နပ္ပသီဒတိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ အာဒီနဝါ အပါသာဒိကေ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in that same chapter, the eighth Sutta on the Uninspiring was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five dangers in one who is uninspiring. What five? The unconvinced do not become convinced, and some who are convinced are changed; the Teacher’s instruction is not followed; the next generation follows that example; and one's own mind does not become serene. These, bhikkhus, are the five dangers in one who is uninspiring.’

အာဝါသိကဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Residents

အာဝါသိကသုတ္တ

The Sutta on the Resident

ပု – အာဝါသိကဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.268] ပနာဝုသော ပဌမံ အာဝါသိကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Chapter on Residents, how was the first Sutta on the Resident spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – အာဝါသိကဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ အာဝါသိကသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော အာဝါသိကော ဘိက္ခု အဘာဝနီယော ဟောတိ. ကတမေဟိ ပဉ္စဟိ, န အာကပ္ပသမ္ပန္နော ဟောတိ န ဝတ္တသမ္ပန္နော, န ဗဟုဿုတော ဟောတိ န သုတဓရော, န ပဋိသလ္လေခိတာ ဟောတိ န ပဋိသလ္လာနာရာမော, န ကလျာဏဝါစော ဟောတိ န ကလျာဏဝါက္ကရဏော, ဒုပ္ပညော ဟောတိ ဇဠော ဧဠမူဂေါ. ဣမေဟိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စဟိ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော အာဝါသိကော ဘိက္ခု အဘာဝနီယော ဟောတီ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Residents, the first Sutta on the Resident was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Bhikkhus, a resident bhikkhu endowed with five qualities is not to be esteemed. What five? He is not accomplished in deportment and duties; he is not learned and does not retain what he has learned; he is not given to reflection and does not delight in seclusion; he is not of good speech and fine elocution; he is unwise, dull, and slow-witted. A resident bhikkhu endowed with these five qualities is not to be esteemed.’

အဝဏ္ဏာရဟသုတ္တ

The Sutta on One Worthy of Dispraise

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.270] အာဝုသော သတ္တမံ အဝဏ္ဏာရဟသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in that same chapter, how was the seventh Sutta on One Worthy of Dispraise spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ ဘန္တေ သတ္တမံ အဝဏ္ဏာရဟသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စဟိ ဘိက္ခဝေ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော အာဝါသိကော ဘိက္ခု ယထာဘတံ နိက္ခိတ္တော ဧဝံ နိရယေ. ကတမေဟိ ပဉ္စဟိ, အနနုဝိစ္စ အပရိယောဂါဟေတွာ အဝဏ္ဏာရဟဿ ဝဏ္ဏံ ဘာသတိ, အနနုဝိစ္စ အပရိယောဂါဟေတွာ ဝဏ္ဏာရဟဿ အဝဏ္ဏံ ဘာသတိ, အာဝါသမစ္ဆရီ ဟောတိ အာဝါသပလိဂေဓီ, ကုလမစ္ဆရီ ဟောတိ ကုလပလိဂေဓိ, သဒ္ဓါဒေယျံ ဝိနိပါတေတိ. ဣမေဟိ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စဟိ ဓမ္မေဟိ သမန္နာဂတော အာဝါသိကော [Pg.271] ဘိက္ခု ယထာဘတံ နိက္ခိတ္တော ဧဝံ နိရယေ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in that same chapter, the seventh Sutta on One Worthy of Dispraise was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Bhikkhus, a resident bhikkhu endowed with five qualities is deposited in hell as if carried there. What five? Without investigating and scrutinizing, he praises one who deserves dispraise; without investigating and scrutinizing, he dispraises one who deserves praise; he is stingy and greedy regarding lodgings; he is stingy and greedy regarding families; and he squanders the offerings of the faithful. A resident bhikkhu endowed with these five qualities is deposited in hell as if carried there.’

ဒုစ္စရိတဝဂ္ဂ

The Chapter on Misconduct

ပဌမဒုစ္စရိတသုတ္တ

The First Sutta on Misconduct

ပု – ဒုစ္စရိတဝဂ္ဂေ [Pg.273] ပန အာဝုသော ပဌမံ ဒုစ္စရိတသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in the Chapter on Misconduct, how was the first Sutta on Misconduct spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – ဒုစ္စရိတဝဂ္ဂေ ဘန္တေ ပဌမံ ဒုစ္စရိတသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ အာဒီနဝါ ဒုစ္စရိတေ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, အတ္တာပိ အတ္တာနံ ဥပဝဒတိ, အနုဝိစ္စ ဝိညူ ဂရဟန္တိ, ပါပကော ကိတ္တိသဒ္ဒေါ အဗ္ဘုဂ္ဂစ္ဆတိ, သမ္မူဠှော ကာလံ ကရောတိ, ကာယဿ ဘေဒါ ပရံ မရဏာ အပါယံ ဒုဂ္ဂတိံ ဝိနိပါတံ နိရယံ ဥပပဇ္ဇတိ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ အာဒီနဝါ ဒုစ္စရိတေ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in the Chapter on Misconduct, the first Sutta on Misconduct was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five dangers in misconduct. What five? One’s own self reproaches one; having investigated, the wise censure one; an evil report about one spreads; one dies bewildered; and with the breakup of the body, after death, one is reborn in a state of deprivation, a bad destination, the lower world, in hell. These, bhikkhus, are the five dangers in misconduct.’

သိဝထိကသုတ္တ

The Sutta on the Charnel Ground

ပု – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.274] အာဝုသော နဝမံ သိဝထိကသုတ္တံ ဘဂဝတာ ကထံ ဘာသိတံ.

Friend, in that same chapter, how was the ninth Sutta on the Charnel Ground spoken by the Blessed One?

ဝိ – တတ္ထေဝ [Pg.275] ဘန္တေ နဝမံ သိဝထိကသုတ္တံ ‘‘ပဉ္စိမေ ဘိက္ခဝေ အာဒီနဝါ သိဝထိကာယ. ကတမေ ပဉ္စ, အသုစိ, ဒုဂ္ဂန္ဓာ, သပ္ပဋိဘယာ, ဝါဠာနံ အမနုဿာနံ အာဝါသော, ဗဟုနော ဇနဿ အာရောဒနာ. ဣမေ ခေါ ဘိက္ခဝေ ပဉ္စ အာဒီနဝါ သိဝထိကာယာ’’တိ ဧဝမာဒိနာ ဘဂဝတာ ဘာသိတံ.

Venerable sir, in that same chapter, the ninth Sutta on the Charnel Ground was spoken by the Blessed One beginning thus: ‘Bhikkhus, there are these five dangers of a charnel ground. What five? It is unclean, foul-smelling, and frightening; it is a habitat for beasts of prey and non-human beings; and it is a place of weeping for many people. These, bhikkhus, are the five dangers of a charnel ground.’